第一部分

digestion[daɪ’ʤestʃən]

n. 消化
例 Protein digestion begins in the stomach and ends in the small intestine.
蛋白质的消化从胃部开始,在小肠里结束。
联 digest vt. 消化;digestive adj. 消化的;助消化的;indigestion n. 消化不良

digression[daɪ’gre∫ən]

n. 离题,扯到枝节上〈同 deviation, diversion〉
例 Talking about money now would be a digression from the main purpose of this meeting.
现在谈论钱的问题,就偏离了这次会议的主要目的。

dilate[daɪ’leɪt]

vt. 使膨胀,使扩大〈同 expand, enlarge〉
例 The optometrist’s solution dilated the pupils of my eyes.
验光师点的眼药水使我的瞳孔放大了。

dioxide[daɪ’ɒksaɪd]

n. 二氧化物
例 Dioxide is the oxide having two atoms of oxygen for each molecule.
二氧化物是每一个分子中含有两个氧原子的氧化物。
联 carbon dioxide n.【化】二氧化碳

disciple[dɪ’saɪpəl]

n. 门徒,弟子,追随着〈同 follower, adherent〉
例 Aristotle, a famous philosopher of ancient Greece, had a large number of disciples.
古希腊著名哲学家亚里士多德有许多门徒。
联 disciplinarian n. 厉行纪律的人,严师;disciplinant n. 苦行者,严于律己者

discomfort[dɪs’kʌmfət]

n. 不适〈同 distress, uneasiness〉
例 He went to the hospital and told the doctor about the discomfort in his chest.
他去了医院,并把自己胸部不适的症状告诉了医生。

discourse[’dɪskɔ:s]

n. 讲道,演讲〈同 speech, lecture〉
例 The priest delivered a long discourse in the evils of untruthfulness.
牧师发表了关于虚伪的邪恶之处的长篇大论。
联 concourse n. 汇合,合流;discourteous adj. 不恭的,不敬的;recourse n. 求援,求助

disgrace[dɪs’greɪs]

vt. 玷污,给…带来耻辱〈同 humiliate〉
例 The warrior’s dishonorable actions disgraced his tribe.
那名战士不光彩的行为让他的部族蒙羞。
n. 耻辱〈同 dishonor, shame〉
例 Mary was so drunk at the wedding that she was a disgrace to her family.
玛丽在婚礼上喝得酩酊大醉,对她家人来说真是耻辱。

disillusion[ˌdɪsɪ’lu:ʒən]

v. 使醒悟例 The magician disillusioned everyone when he taught them the secrets of his magic tricks.
魔术师把魔术的秘密告诉所有人之后,大家都恍然大悟。

disintegrate[dɪs’ɪntɪgreɪt]

v.(使)瓦解,(使)碎裂〈同 fall apart〉
例 The spacecraft disintegrated as it entered the Earth’s atmosphere.
这艘宇宙飞船进入地球大气层之后便解体了。
联 integrity n. 完整;正直;integral adj. 完整的,整体的;integrate v.(使)成整体,(使)一体化;disinter vt. 掘出

第二部分

disinterested[dɪs’ɪntrɪstɪd]

adj. 不感兴趣的;无私的,公平的〈同 indifferent; impartial, unbiased〉
例 Mary is completely disinterested in the matter and can judge fairly.
在这件事上,玛丽是绝对公正的,可以公平地做出判断。
联 interested adj. 感兴趣的;uninterested adj. 不感兴趣的,淡漠的

dismal[’dɪzməl]

adj. ①暗的,凄凉的〈同 gloomy, bleak〉
例 The planet Saturn is so far from the sun that it is thought of as cold and dismal.
土星距离太阳太远,被认为是一颗冰冷而荒凉的星球。
②忧郁的,沮丧的〈同 melancholy, depressing〉
例 Sickness often makes a person feel dismal.
生病经常会让一个人感到沮丧。
联 dismay vt. 使惊愕;使气馁 n. 惊愕;气馁,绝望;abysmal adj. 深不可测的,无底的;糟透的

dismember[dɪs’membə(r)]

vt. 肢解,分割〈同 dissect, split up〉
例 The curious boy dismembered the insect in order to see how it worked.
那个好奇的男孩为了研究昆虫而将它肢解了。
联 dislocate vt. 使(骨头)脱臼;使…运转不正常;dislodge v. 驱逐;dismantle v. 拆开,拆卸(机器等);取消(制度、安排等)

disorganize[dɪs’ɔ:gənaɪz]

vt. 扰乱,使混乱〈同 disarrange, disorder〉
例 His lateness disorganized my schedule.
他的迟到打乱了我的计划。

dispense[dɪ’spens]

vt. 分配,分发〈同 distribute, give out〉
例 The political candidate dispensed lots of leaflets.
那位政治候选人派发了大量传单。
联 dispensable adj. 可有可无的;indispensable adj. 不可缺少的;dispense with 免除,省去;disperse v.(使)分散,(使)散开

disproportionate[ˌdɪsprə’pɔ:∫ənət]

adj. 不成比例的〈同 unequal, unbalanced〉
例 The country’s great influence in the world is disproportionate to its relatively small size.
那个国家在世界上的巨大影响力与其相对较小的国土面积不成比例。
联 disproportionately adv. 不相称地,不平衡地

disrepute[ˌdɪsrɪ’pju:t]

n. 坏名声,不光彩〈同 discredit, dishonor〉
例 Dishonest dealings have brought that company into a state of disrepute.
欺诈交易让那家公司名誉扫地。

disseminate[dɪ’semɪneɪt]

vt. 传播,宣传〈同 distribute, spread〉
例 During a weather emergency, the radio station disseminates important information.
在紧急天气情况下,电台会播出重要信息。
联 dissemination n. 传播;disseminative adj. 传播的;disseminator n. 传播者;seminal adj. 种子的;生殖的;dissemble v. 掩饰,假装不知道;dissembler n. 伪君子

dissenter[dɪ’sentə(r)]

n. 不同意者,反对者〈同 objector〉
例 The dissenter refused to accept the vote.
反对者拒绝接受选举结果。
联 dissent vi. 不同意;dissident n. 唱反调者;assent n./vi. 赞成,同意;consent vi. 同意;sentiment n. 情感;presentiment n. 预感

dissertation[ˌdɪsə’teɪ∫ən]

n. 论文〈同 thesis, discourse〉
例 In order to earn a graduate degree from many of our universities, a candidate is frequently required to prepare a dissertation on some scholarly subject.
为了在大学获得研究生学位,在校生常常被要求就某些学术主题准备一篇论文。

第三部分

dissimilar[dɪ’sɪmɪlə(r)]

adj. 不同的,相异的〈同 unlike, different〉
例 The new house is not dissimilar to our old one except that it’s a bit bigger.
除了大了一些,新房子与我们的旧房子没有什么不同。

distasteful[dɪs’teɪstfʊl]

adj.(令人)不愉快的,讨厌的〈同 abhorrent, displeasing, disagreeable〉
例 Spreading manure on the garden is a distasteful job, but someone must do it.
在花园里施肥是个让人讨厌的活,但必须有人去做。

distinctive[dɪ’stɪŋktɪv]

adj. 有特色的,出众的〈同 special, unique〉
例 A police officer wears a distinctive uniform.
警官穿着特殊的制服。

dive[daɪv]

vi. 潜水;跳水〈同 plunge, plummet〉
例 Mary dived dove into the sea from the rocks.
玛丽从岩石上跳入海中。
联 diver n. 潜水者;跳水运动员

divergent[daɪ’vɜ:ʤənt; dɪ’vɜ:ʤənt]

adj. 有分歧的,有差异的〈同 different, conflicting〉
例 In a democracy, we expect people to have divergent views and to express them openly.
在民主国家,我们希望人们可以有不同的观点,并且可以公开表达自己的观点。
联 divergence n. 分歧,岔开

diversity[daɪ’vɜ:sɪti]

n. 差异,多样〈同 variety, difference〉
例 The dogmatic dictator would brook no diversity of opinions.
那个固执己见的独裁者不能容忍不同意见。
联 adversity n. 苦难;versatile adj. 多才多艺的;averse adj. 反感的;adverse adj. 不利的,敌对的

dogged[’dɒgɪd; (US)’dɔ:gɪd]

adj. 顽强的,固执的〈同 determined, persevering〉
例 Her ambition and dogged personality ensured that she rose to the top of her profession.
她的雄心和顽强的个性让她达到了事业的顶峰。
联 doggerel n. 打油诗;jagged adj. 锯齿状的,参差不齐的;pertinacious adj. 坚持不放的,顽执的;unyielding adj. 不易弯曲的;不屈的

dogma[’dɒgmə; (US)’dɔ:gmə]

n. 教条,教义,信仰〈同 belief, doctrine〉
例 Atheism and theism are two opposite dogmas.
无神论与有神论是两种相对立的信仰。

dolphin[’dɒlfɪn]

n. 海豚
例 The stage dolphin was trained to jump out of the water and through a ring.
表演的海豚经过训练后,会跳出水面,钻圈。

domesticate[də’mestɪkeɪt]

v. 驯养,驯化〈同 cultivate〉
例 Ducks have been domesticated for many centuries and are raised commercially for their meat and eggs.
鸭子被人工饲养已有数个世纪,在商业上,喂养鸭子是为了获得鸭肉和鸭蛋。
联 domesticated adj. 驯养的,家养的

第四部分

dormant[’dɔ:mənt]

adj. 静止的,休眠的〈同 hibernated, lethargic〉
例 The dormant volcano has not erupted in two hundred years.
这座休眠火山已有两百年未曾喷发了。
联 dormancy n. 休眠,蛰伏;dormitory n. 寝室,宿舍;dormer n. 天窗;quiescent adj. 静止的;被动的;inert adj. 无活动的,惰性的

dorsal[’dɔ:səl]

adj. 背部的,背脊的〈同 back〉
例 The dorsal fins of sharks and dolphins look the same from a distance.
鲨鱼和海豚的背鳍从远处看是一样的。

drama[’drɑ:mə]

n. 戏剧〈同 play, show〉
例 The drama called Hamlet was performed last night and had many famous actors.
《哈姆雷特》这部戏剧在昨晚上演,里面有许多著名的演员。
联 dramatize vt. 改编为戏剧,编写剧本;melodrama n. 情节剧

dreary[’drɪəri]

adj. 沉闷的,阴郁的〈同 gloomy, dismal〉
例 A cold, rainy day is dreary. 寒冷的下雨天真是沉闷。

drowsy[’draʊzi]

adj. 昏昏欲睡的〈同 sleepy, soporific〉
例 Since this medicine may cause you to feel drowsy, do not drive a car or operate machinery.
因为这种药可能导致你昏昏欲睡,因此不要开车或操作机器。

drudgery[’drʌʤəri]

n. 苦工,苦差事〈同 tedium, toil〉
例 Microwave ovens and automatic dishwashers have emancipated modern homemakers from much of the household drudgery.
微波炉和自动洗碗机将现代的家庭主妇们从辛苦的家务劳动中解放了出来。
联 druggery n.(总称)药物;药橱;dredge v. 挖泥,疏通

ductile[’dʌktaɪl; (US)’dʌktəl]

adj. 易延展的;柔软的〈同 flexible; pliant〉
例 Gold and copper are ductile metals.
黄金和铜都是延展性金属。
联 duct n. 管道,输送管;aqueduct n. 导水管;abduct vt. 诱拐;deduction n. 减去,扣除;tile n. 瓦片,瓷砖

dwarf[dwɔ:f]

n. 侏儒
例 A dwarf is a person, animal, or plant that is much smaller than the usual size.
侏儒是指比正常尺寸小的人、动物或植物。
vt. 使…显得矮小
例 Their little cottage was dwarfed by a big building in the neighborhood.
他们的小平房跟旁边的大楼一比,显得特别矮小。

dynasty[’dɪnəsti; (US)’daɪnəsti]

n. 朝代,王朝〈同 regime; sovereignty〉
例 The same family dynasty had ruled the land for more than 120 years.
同一个家族王朝统治这块土地超过120年。

eclecticism[ɪ’klektɪsɪzəm]

n. 折中主义
例 Eclecticism is the practice of mixing elements dissimilar in style in a single work of art.
折中主义是将风格迥异的元素混合在一件艺术作品中的做法。