两个核心文件：ansible.cfg和hosts文件,默认都存放在/etc/ansible目录下。

　　　ansible.cfg：主要设置一些ansible初始化的信息，比如日志存放路径、模块、插件等配置信息

　　　hosts：机器清单，进行分组管理

ansible.cfg

  1. # config file for ansible -- http://ansible.com/
  2. # ==============================================
  4. # nearly all parameters can be overridden in ansible-playbook 
  5. # or with command line flags. ansible will read ANSIBLE_CONFIG,
  6. # ansible.cfg in the current working directory, .ansible.cfg in
  7. # the home directory or /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg, whichever it
  8. # finds first
  10. [defaults]   --->通用默认配置
  12. # some basic default values...
  14. inventory      = /etc/ansible/hosts     这个是默认库文件位置,脚本,或者存放可通信主机的目录
  15. #library        = /usr/share/my_modules/   Ansible默认搜寻模块的位置
  16. remote_tmp     = $HOME/.ansible/tmp   Ansible 通过远程传输模块到远程主机,然后远程执行,执行后在清理现场.在有些场景下,你也许想使用默认路径希望像更换补丁一样使用
  17. pattern        = *    如果没有提供“hosts”节点,这是playbook要通信的默认主机组.默认值是对所有主机通信
  18. forks          = 5    在与主机通信时的默认并行进程数 ，默认是5d
  19. poll_interval  = 15    当具体的poll interval 没有定义时,多少时间回查一下这些任务的状态, 默认值是5秒
  20. sudo_user      = root   sudo使用的默认用户 ，默认是root
  21. #ask_sudo_pass = True   用来控制Ansible playbook 在执行sudo之前是否询问sudo密码.默认为no
  22. #ask_pass      = True    控制Ansible playbook 是否会自动默认弹出密码
  23. transport      = smart   通信机制.默认 值为’smart’。如果本地系统支持 ControlPersist技术的话,将会使用(基于OpenSSH)‘ssh’,如果不支持讲使用‘paramiko’.其他传输选项包括‘local’, ‘chroot’,’jail’等等
  24. #remote_port    = 22    远程SSH端口。 默认是22
  25. module_lang    = C   模块和系统之间通信的计算机语言，默认是C语言
  27. # plays will gather facts by default, which contain information about
  28. # the remote system.
  29. #
  30. # smart - gather by default, but don't regather if already gathered
  31. # implicit - gather by default, turn off with gather_facts: False
  32. # explicit - do not gather by default, must say gather_facts: True
  33. gathering = implicit   控制默认facts收集（远程系统变量）. 默认值为’implicit’, 每一次play,facts都会被收集
  35. # additional paths to search for roles in, colon separated
  36. #roles_path    = /etc/ansible/roles   roles 路径指的是’roles/’下的额外目录,用于playbook搜索Ansible roles
  38. # uncomment this to disable SSH key host checking
  39. #host_key_checking = False    检查主机密钥
  41. # change this for alternative sudo implementations
  42. sudo_exe = sudo     如果在其他远程主机上使用另一种方式执sudu操作.可以使用该参数进行更换
  44. # what flags to pass to sudo   传递sudo之外的参数
  45. #sudo_flags = -H
  47. # SSH timeout    SSH超时时间
  48. timeout = 10
  50. # default user to use for playbooks if user is not specified
  51. # (/usr/bin/ansible will use current user as default)
  52. #remote_user = root   使用/usr/bin/ansible-playbook链接的默认用户名，如果不指定，会使用当前登录的用户名
  54. # logging is off by default unless this path is defined
  55. # if so defined, consider logrotate
  56. #log_path = /var/log/ansible.log     日志文件存放路径
  58. # default module name for /usr/bin/ansible
  59. #module_name = command     ansible命令执行默认的模块
  61. # use this shell for commands executed under sudo
  62. # you may need to change this to bin/bash in rare instances
  63. # if sudo is constrained
  64. #executable = /bin/sh     在sudo环境下产生一个shell交互接口. 用户只在/bin/bash的或者sudo限制的一些场景中需要修改
  66. # if inventory variables overlap, does the higher precedence one win
  67. # or are hash values merged together?  The default is 'replace' but
  68. # this can also be set to 'merge'.
  69. #hash_behaviour = replace    特定的优先级覆盖变量
  71. # list any Jinja2 extensions to enable here:
  72. #jinja2_extensions = jinja2.ext.do,jinja2.ext.i18n      允许开启Jinja2拓展模块
  74. # if set, always use this private key file for authentication, same as 
  75. # if passing --private-key to ansible or ansible-playbook
  76. #private_key_file = /path/to/file         私钥文件存储位置
  78. # format of string {{ ansible_managed }} available within Jinja2 
  79. # templates indicates to users editing templates files will be replaced.
  80. # replacing {file}, {host} and {uid} and strftime codes with proper values.
  81. ansible_managed = Ansible managed: {file} modified on %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S by {uid} on {host}   这个设置可以告知用户,Ansible修改了一个文件,并且手动写入的内容可能已经被覆盖.
  83. # by default, ansible-playbook will display "Skipping [host]" if it determines a task
  84. # should not be run on a host.  Set this to "False" if you don't want to see these "Skipping" 
  85. # messages. NOTE: the task header will still be shown regardless of whether or not the 
  86. # task is skipped.
  87. #display_skipped_hosts = True     显示任何跳过任务的状态 ，默认是显示
  89. # by default (as of 1.3), Ansible will raise errors when attempting to dereference 
  90. # Jinja2 variables that are not set in templates or action lines. Uncomment this line
  91. # to revert the behavior to pre-1.3.
  92. #error_on_undefined_vars = False      如果所引用的变量名称错误的话, 将会导致ansible在执行步骤上失败
  94. # by default (as of 1.6), Ansible may display warnings based on the configuration of the
  95. # system running ansible itself. This may include warnings about 3rd party packages or
  96. # other conditions that should be resolved if possible.
  97. # to disable these warnings, set the following value to False:
  98. #system_warnings = True    允许禁用系统运行ansible相关的潜在问题警告
  100. # by default (as of 1.4), Ansible may display deprecation warnings for language
  101. # features that should no longer be used and will be removed in future versions.
  102. # to disable these warnings, set the following value to False:
  103. #deprecation_warnings = True     允许在ansible-playbook输出结果中禁用“不建议使用”警告
  105. # (as of 1.8), Ansible can optionally warn when usage of the shell and
  106. # command module appear to be simplified by using a default Ansible module
  107. # instead.  These warnings can be silenced by adjusting the following
  108. # setting or adding warn=yes or warn=no to the end of the command line 
  109. # parameter string.  This will for example suggest using the git module
  110. # instead of shelling out to the git command.
  111. # command_warnings = False    当shell和命令行模块被默认模块简化的时,Ansible 将默认发出警告
  114. # set plugin path directories here, separate with colons
  115. action_plugins     = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/action_plugins  
  116. callback_plugins   = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/callback_plugins
  117. connection_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/connection_plugins
  118. lookup_plugins     = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/lookup_plugins
  119. vars_plugins       = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/vars_plugins
  120. filter_plugins     = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/filter_plugins
  122. # by default callbacks are not loaded for /bin/ansible, enable this if you
  123. # want, for example, a notification or logging callback to also apply to 
  124. # /bin/ansible runs
  125. #bin_ansible_callbacks = False    用来控制callback插件是否在运行 /usr/bin/ansible 的时候被加载. 这个模块将用于命令行的日志系统,发出通知等特性
  128. # don't like cows?  that's unfortunate.
  129. # set to 1 if you don't want cowsay support or export ANSIBLE_NOCOWS=1 
  130. #nocows = 1    默认ansible可以调用一些cowsay的特性   开启/禁用：0/1
  132. # don't like colors either?
  133. # set to 1 if you don't want colors, or export ANSIBLE_NOCOLOR=1
  134. #nocolor = 1  输出带上颜色区别， 开启/关闭：0/1
  136. # the CA certificate path used for validating SSL certs. This path 
  137. # should exist on the controlling node, not the target nodes
  138. # common locations:
  139. # RHEL/CentOS: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
  140. # Fedora     : /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem
  141. # Ubuntu     : /usr/share/ca-certificates/cacert.org/cacert.org.crt
  142. #ca_file_path =    
  144. # the http user-agent string to use when fetching urls. Some web server
  145. # operators block the default urllib user agent as it is frequently used
  146. # by malicious attacks/scripts, so we set it to something unique to 
  147. # avoid issues.
  148. #http_user_agent = ansible-agent
  150. # if set to a persistent type (not 'memory', for example 'redis') fact values
  151. # from previous runs in Ansible will be stored.  This may be useful when
  152. # wanting to use, for example, IP information from one group of servers
  153. # without having to talk to them in the same playbook run to get their
  154. # current IP information.
  155. fact_caching = memory
  158. # retry files
  159. #retry_files_enabled = False
  160. #retry_files_save_path = ~/.ansible-retry
  162. [privilege_escalation]
  163. #become=True
  164. #become_method=sudo
  165. #become_user=root
  166. #become_ask_pass=False
  168. [paramiko_connection]
  170. # uncomment this line to cause the paramiko connection plugin to not record new host
  171. # keys encountered.  Increases performance on new host additions.  Setting works independently of the
  172. # host key checking setting above.
  173. #record_host_keys=False
  175. # by default, Ansible requests a pseudo-terminal for commands executed under sudo. Uncomment this
  176. # line to disable this behaviour.
  177. #pty=False
  179. [ssh_connection]
  181. # ssh arguments to use
  182. # Leaving off ControlPersist will result in poor performance, so use 
  183. # paramiko on older platforms rather than removing it
  184. #ssh_args = -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s
  186. # The path to use for the ControlPath sockets. This defaults to
  187. # "%(directory)s/ansible-ssh-%%h-%%p-%%r", however on some systems with
  188. # very long hostnames or very long path names (caused by long user names or 
  189. # deeply nested home directories) this can exceed the character limit on
  190. # file socket names (108 characters for most platforms). In that case, you 
  191. # may wish to shorten the string below.
  192. # 
  193. # Example: 
  194. # control_path = %(directory)s/%%h-%%r
  195. #control_path = %(directory)s/ansible-ssh-%%h-%%p-%%r
  197. # Enabling pipelining reduces the number of SSH operations required to 
  198. # execute a module on the remote server. This can result in a significant 
  199. # performance improvement when enabled, however when using "sudo:" you must 
  200. # first disable 'requiretty' in /etc/sudoers
  201. #
  202. # By default, this option is disabled to preserve compatibility with
  203. # sudoers configurations that have requiretty (the default on many distros).
  204. # 
  205. #pipelining = False
  207. # if True, make ansible use scp if the connection type is ssh 
  208. # (default is sftp)
  209. #scp_if_ssh = True
  211. [accelerate]
  212. accelerate_port = 5099
  213. accelerate_timeout = 30
  214. accelerate_connect_timeout = 5.0
  216. # The daemon timeout is measured in minutes. This time is measured
  217. # from the last activity to the accelerate daemon.
  218. accelerate_daemon_timeout = 30 
  220. # If set to yes, accelerate_multi_key will allow multiple
  221. # private keys to be uploaded to it, though each user must
  222. # have access to the system via SSH to add a new key. The default
  223. # is "no".
  224. #accelerate_multi_key = yes
  226. [selinux]
  227. # file systems that require special treatment when dealing with security context
  228. # the default behaviour that copies the existing context or uses the user default
  229. # needs to be changed to use the file system dependant context.
  230. #special_context_filesystems=nfs,vboxsf,fuse

简易配置：

  1. [defaults]
  2. inventory      = /etc/ansible/hosts
  3. sudo_user=root
  4. remote_port=22
  5. host_key_checking=False
  6. remote_user=root
  7. log_path=/var/log/ansible.log
  8. module_name=command
  9. private_key_file=/root/.ssh/id_rsa
  10. no_log:True

hosts

  1. # This is the default ansible 'hosts' file.
  2. #
  3. # It should live in /etc/ansible/hosts
  4. #
  5. #   - Comments begin with the '#' character
  6. #   - Blank lines are ignored
  7. #   - Groups of hosts are delimited by [header] elements
  8. #   - You can enter hostnames or ip addresses
  9. #   - A hostname/ip can be a member of multiple groups
  11. # Ex 1: Ungrouped hosts, specify before any group headers.
  13. green.example.com
  14. blue.example.com
  15. 192.168.100.1
  16. 192.168.100.10
  18. # Ex 2: A collection of hosts belonging to the 'webservers' group
  20. [webservers]
  21. alpha.example.org
  22. beta.example.org
  23. 192.168.1.100
  24. 192.168.1.110
  26. # If you have multiple hosts following a pattern you can specify
  27. # them like this:
  29. www[001:006].example.com
  31. # Ex 3: A collection of database servers in the 'dbservers' group
  33. [dbservers]
  35. db01.intranet.mydomain.net
  36. db02.intranet.mydomain.net
  37. 10.25.1.56
  38. 10.25.1.57
  40. # Here's another example of host ranges, this time there are no
  41. # leading 0s:
  43. db-[99:101]-node.example.com

参考资料

Ansible配置文件

　http://www.ansible.com.cn/docs/intro_configuration.html#environmental-configuration