在Julia中使用Valgrind
Valgrind is a tool for memory debugging, memory leak detection, and profiling. This section describes things to keep in mind when using Valgrind to debug memory issues with Julia.
General considerations
By default, Valgrind assumes that there is no self modifying code in the programs it runs. This
assumption works fine in most instances but fails miserably for a just-in-time compiler like
julia
. For this reason it is crucial to pass --smc-check=all-non-file
to valgrind
, else
code may crash or behave unexpectedly (often in subtle ways).
In some cases, to better detect memory errors using Valgrind it can help to compile julia
with
memory pools disabled. The compile-time flag MEMDEBUG
disables memory pools in Julia, and
MEMDEBUG2
disables memory pools in FemtoLisp. To build julia
with both flags, add the following
line to Make.user
:
CFLAGS = -DMEMDEBUG -DMEMDEBUG2
Another thing to note: if your program uses multiple workers processes, it is likely that you
want all such worker processes to run under Valgrind, not just the parent process. To do this,
pass --trace-children=yes
to valgrind
.
Suppressions
Valgrind will typically display spurious warnings as it runs. To reduce the number of such warnings,
it helps to provide a suppressions file
to Valgrind. A sample suppressions file is included in the Julia source distribution at contrib/valgrind-julia.supp
.
The suppressions file can be used from the julia/
source directory as follows:
$ valgrind --smc-check=all-non-file --suppressions=contrib/valgrind-julia.supp ./julia progname.jl
Any memory errors that are displayed should either be reported as bugs or contributed as additional suppressions. Note that some versions of Valgrind are shipped with insufficient default suppressions, so that may be one thing to consider before submitting any bugs.
Running the Julia test suite under Valgrind
It is possible to run the entire Julia test suite under Valgrind, but it does take quite some
time (typically several hours). To do so, run the following command from the julia/test/
directory:
valgrind --smc-check=all-non-file --trace-children=yes --suppressions=$PWD/../contrib/valgrind-julia.supp ../julia runtests.jl all
If you would like to see a report of “definite” memory leaks, pass the flags --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=definite
to valgrind
as well.
Caveats
Valgrind currently does not support multiple rounding modes, so code that adjusts the rounding mode will behave differently when run under Valgrind.
In general, if after setting --smc-check=all-non-file
you find that your program behaves differently
when run under Valgrind, it may help to pass --tool=none
to valgrind
as you investigate further.
This will enable the minimal Valgrind machinery but will also run much faster than when the full
memory checker is enabled.