I tried 5G. It will change your life — if you can find it

我试过5G，它会改变你的生活ーー如果你能找到它的话

Story by Samantha Murphy Kelly, CNN Business

更新于2019年8月9日格林尼治标准时间15:41(香港时间23:41)

自动驾驶汽车，机器人手术，当你生病时能检测到的牙刷。
这是 未来的5 g 技术，不到十年的时间; internet connections so fast they’ll support an entirely new way of life. 互联网连接如此之快，他们将支持一个全新的生活方式
But for now, I’m standing on an avenue in downtown Chicago waving my 但是现在，我站在芝加哥市中心的一条大街上，挥舞着我的手臂Samsung Galaxy 5G smartphone 三星 Galaxy 5 g 智能手机 around to find coverage that’s not blocked by the tree to my left. 找没被我左边那棵树挡住的地方
I finally take a few steps back from the lamppost, adorned by a hard-to-miss, clunky black antenna, and bam, my Netflix download begins: a complete download of a two-hour film in less than 10 seconds — in stark contrast to the seven-or-so minutes it’d typically take on 4G. 我终于从灯柱后退了几步，装饰着一根不容错过的笨重的黑色天线，然后砰的一声，我的 Netflix 下载开始了: 一部两小时长的电影在不到10秒的时间内完成下载，与4G 通常需要的七分钟左右的时间形成了鲜明的对比
This was my experience testing the newly launched 这是我测试新推出的产品的经验Verizon 5G network in Chicago 芝加哥的 Verizon 5 g 网络 last month. When it worked, it really worked, often hitting over 1 gigabit per second in speed tests — an incredible feat for a piece of technology that fits in your pocket. 4G LTE in the United States averages about 35 megabits per second. 5G, the fifth generation of cellular network technology, is nearly 30 times faster — and about 10 times faster than the average American home broadband speed. 上个月。 当它起作用的时候，它真的起作用了，在速度测试中，它的速度常常超过每秒1千兆比特——对于一项放在口袋里的技术来说，这是一项不可思议的壮举。 在美国，4 g LTE 平均每秒35兆比特。 第五代蜂窝网络技术5G 的速度比美国家庭宽带平均速度快近30倍，约10倍
But 5G isn’t just about speeds on smartphones. Other technologies will be made possible with its ability to handle much more bandwidth, allowing the data from但是5 g 不仅仅是智能手机的速度。 其他技术也将因其处理更多带宽的能力而成为可能，允许从sensors 传感器, thermostats, 自动调温器,cars 汽车 and 及robots 机器人 to work together in real time. 一起实时工作

Samantha Kelly, CNN Business tech editor, tested 5G networks in New York (pictured here), Chicago and Dallas. 萨曼莎 · 凯利，CNN 商业技术编辑，在纽约(如图) ，芝加哥和达拉斯测试了5G 网络
Think of it like this: If 3G is a two-lane highway and 4G is six lanes, 5G will turn it into 12 lanes. It’ll handle significantly more traffic and bandwidth with zero latency, a word that refers to immediate response times for data transfers — will allow 可以这样想: 如果3G 是一条双车道的高速公路，而4G 是六车道，那么5G 将把它变成12车道。 它将在零延迟的情况下处理更多的流量和带宽，这个词指的是数据传输的即时响应时间self-driving cars 自动驾驶汽车 to process all the information they need to make life-or-death decisions in the blink of an eye, or the health care industry to help power the 处理所有他们需要的信息，在眨眼间做出生死攸关的决定，或医疗保健行业，以帮助推动next generation of telemedicine and robotic surgeries 下一代远程医疗和机器人手术. (A 。(surgeon in China 中国的外科医生recently conducted a liver transplant on an animal from a location 30 miles away by controlling a robotic arm running on 5G. The same procedure on a 4G network would have increased the chance for mistakes). 最近在30英里外的一个地方对一只动物进行了肝脏移植，通过控制一只机械手臂在5 g 上运行。 在4 g 网络上同样的操作会增加出错的几率)

Mobile carriers are 移动运营商是pouring billions 投入了数十亿美元 of dollars into 5G. The new networks and associated technologies are expected to add $17 trillion to the global GDP by 2035, 把美元转换成5 g。 预计到2035年，新的网络和相关技术将为全球 GDP 增加17万亿美元,according to ABI Research 根据 ABI 研究. But there will be a significant lag between 5G’s rollout and that financial impact. It’s not dissimilar to the . 但是在5 g 的推出和财政影响之间将会有一个巨大的滞后。 这和我们的生活没有什么不同3G iPhone 3 g iPhone — an impressive piece of standalone technology that didn’t make a big economic impact until a year later with the arrival of the App Store. A few years after that, 4G paved the way for on-demand apps such as Uber, mobile video consumption on Netflix and ーー这是一项令人印象深刻的独立技术，直到一年后随着 App Store 的到来才产生了巨大的经济影响。 几年之后，4G 为 Uber、 Netflix 上的移动视频消费以及其他应用程序的点播铺平了道路FaceTime, real-time ，实时rerouting via Google Maps 通过谷歌地图重新路由 and social sharing on Instagram and Snapchat. 以及 Instagram 和 Snapchat 上的社交分享
We’ve maxed out the 4G capabilities of what our phones can do, but 5G could offer a doorway into what’s next. However, carriers have a long way to go before they deliver on that promise. 我们已经把手机的4 g 功能发挥到了极致，但5 g 可以为我们打开一扇通向未来的大门。 然而，运营商在兑现这一承诺之前还有很长的路要走
My 5G network tests, often performed via the Speedtest app, were inconsistent. If I turned a street corner on Verizon, 5G went out of range — a major drawback to the high-frequency spectrum approach being adopted by some carriers. That technology delivers lightning-fast speeds but doesn’t cover wide areas, penetrate indoors and can be blocked by rain or, in my case, leaves. 我的5 g 网络测试，经常通过 Speedtest 应用程序执行，是不一致的。 如果我走过 Verizon 的一个街角，5G 就超出了覆盖范围——这是一些运营商采用的高频谱方法的一个主要缺陷。 这项技术可以提供闪电般的速度，但是不能覆盖很大的区域，穿透室内，并且可以被雨水或者树叶阻挡
Inside a Verizon store on Michigan Avenue, I looked out at the cellular radio equipment hanging on another lamppost 20 feet away, unable to get on the network from the other side of the glass window. It poetically captured the current state of 5G: The future was staring right at me but I couldn’t quite access it. 在密歇根大道的一家 Verizon 商店里，我看着悬挂在20英尺外的另一个灯柱上的蜂窝无线电设备，无法从玻璃窗的另一边接入网络。 它富有诗意地捕捉到了5 g 的现状: 未来就在我眼前，但我无法完全进入它

Rollout blues

蓝色首次亮相

Verizon was my first experience with 5G: I’ve since tested the networks for Sprint, T-Mobile and AT&T, CNN’s parent company. Each provided a different experience. My speed tests on AT&T dominated, reaching an impressive 1.6 Gbps in a Dallas park and downloading “Spider-Man: Into the Spider-verse” in 5 seconds. (Think of all the movies you could download in the 60 seconds you have on the tarmac before a flight takes off.) Verizon 是我第一次使用5G 网络: 我已经为 Sprint、 T-Mobile 和 CNN 的母公司 at & t 测试过网络。 每个人都提供了不同的体验。 我在美国电话电报公司的速度测试占据了主导地位，在达拉斯的一个公园里达到了令人印象深刻的1.6 Gbps，并在5秒内下载了《蜘蛛侠: 进入蜘蛛体》。 (想想你在飞机起飞前60秒内在停机坪上可以下载的所有电影。)

I also tried Sprint, which uses a lower frequency for its 5G network, in Chicago. It was the most consistent in terms of coverage — I was able to duck into a Starbucks, turn street corners and hop into a car without dropping from the network. But its speeds were slower than some of the other networks; I downloaded a movie in about 15 seconds. (This is still mind-blowingly fast.) 我也试过 Sprint，它在芝加哥的5 g 网络使用较低的频率。 就覆盖范围而言，这是最一致的做法ーー我能够躲进一家星巴克(Starbucks) ，拐过街角，跳进一辆汽车，而不会从网络上掉下来。 但是它的速度比其他网络慢; 我在15秒内下载了一部电影。 (这仍然是令人震惊的速度。)
Rollouts for past networks 过去网络的推广weren’t always pretty 并不总是那么漂亮, resulting in calls dropped, spotty coverage and drained batteries. As ，导致电话掉线、网络覆盖不良和电池耗尽Jon Stewart put it in 2011 on “The Daily Show乔恩 · 斯图尔特在2011年的“每日秀”节目中提到了这一点,” “Those of us in the ‘iPhone community’ have sacrificed one thing for the ability to carry around every photograph we’ve ever taken, or song we’ve ever listened to, or home video, or compass. We have sacrificed the ability to make phone calls. For years, for years.” “我们这些‘ iPhone 社区’中的人们牺牲了一样东西，为了能够随身携带我们拍摄的每一张照片、听过的每一首歌、家庭视频、或者指南针。 我们牺牲了打电话的能力。 很多年，很多年。”
Now the past could repeat itself. Upgrading tens of thousands of cell sites in the US to 5G will take six to eight years to catch up to 4G’s footprint, according to 现在，过去可能会重演。 美国移动通信协会的数据显示，将美国成千上万的手机网站升级为5 g 网络将需要6到8年的时间才能赶上4 g 网络的发展步伐Dan Hays 丹 · 海斯, executive advisor at consulting firm PwC. 普华永道执行顾问

“It’s an enormous program involving tens of thousands of people all over the country, and not everyone has the skill set to climb the towers to swap antennas,” he said. 他说: “这是一个庞大的项目，涉及全国数以万计的人，并不是每个人都有能力爬上塔顶交换天线。”
5G, which uses similar equipment to 4G, operates on two main types of cell sites: large macro-cell sites that can be installed on towers or rooftops (or hidden in 5G 使用与4G 类似的设备，运行在两种主要类型的基站上: 大型宏基站，可以安装在基站或屋顶(或隐藏在fake cacti and trees 假仙人掌和假树), where they are typically housed in enclosures like cabinets or a large closet; and small cells the size of a pizza box, which hang on a light pole, wall or ceiling inside of a building. The latter is a method already in use by 4G networks, but on 5G, it’ll move some functions to the cloud, Hays explained. ) ，它们通常被放置在像橱柜或大衣橱一样的围墙里; 小房间有披萨盒大小，悬挂在灯杆、墙壁或建筑物内的天花板上。 后者已经被4 g 网络使用，但是在5 g 上，它将把一些功能移动到云端，Hays 解释说
Eventually, many 5G cell sites will need to be closer together in areas previously covered by a single 4G cell. “Not all 4G cell sites are easily upgradable,” Hays said. “Some could be upgradable with as little as a software update while others may need to be replaced completely.” 最终，许多5 g 细胞位点将需要在以前被单个4 g 细胞覆盖的区域更紧密地连接在一起。 “并非所有的4G 手机网站都能轻松升级，” Hays 说。 “有些软件可以轻松升级到软件更新，而有些则可能需要完全更换。”

A Verizon 5G small cell in Indianapolis. 印第安纳波利斯的 Verizon 5 g 小型电池

You have 5G. Now what?

你有了5G，现在怎么办？

Even in the areas where 5G is already up and running, getting onto the network can be tricky. To start, you’ll need one of the few, pricey, 5G-compatible phones, such as the $1,300 Samsung Galaxy S10 5G or $999 LG V50 5G. (Some testers from the Wall Street Journal and PCMag reportedly overheated when the devices reached a certain temperature. I didn’t have similar issues). 即使在5 g 已经开始运行的地区，接入网络也是一件棘手的事情。 首先，你需要一款价格昂贵的5G 兼容手机，比如1300美元的三星 Galaxy s105g 或者999美元的 LG v505g。 (据《华尔街日报》和《个人电脑杂志》的一些测试者报道，当设备达到一定温度时，会出现过热现象。 我没有类似的问题)
When more devices start to offer 5G — and consumers organically upgrade to these new models — we’ll likely see a surge in adoption; that is, if the networks are up and running in more places by then. By 2024, Ericsson Mobility projects 当越来越多的设备开始提供5G 服务，消费者也有机会升级到这些新型号的时候，我们可能会看到人们对5G 服务的接受激增，也就是说，届时网络将在更多地方建立和运行。 到2024年，爱立信移动计划more than half of mobile subscriptions 超过一半的手机用户 will run on 5G in the US. (Apple is expected to launch a 5G iPhone in the fall of 2020). 将在美国使用5 g 网络。 (苹果预计将在2020年秋季推出5G 版 iPhone)
For now, one of the biggest challenges in testing 5G coverage is finding it. I was given a map from Sprint highlighting spots in downtown Chicago where I could pick up 5G. I seamlessly navigated neighborhoods without dropping off the network, envisioning what life will be like when I can download an entire TV season in the few seconds before my coffee order is ready. But without a map on hand in Dallas, I was left guessing which areas would give me 5G Sprint coverage (I was usually wrong). 目前，测试5 g 覆盖率的最大挑战之一就是找到它。 斯普林特公司给了我一张地图，上面标出了芝加哥市中心的一些地点，在那里我可以使用5 g。 我天衣无缝地浏览着各个社区，没有中断网络，想象着当我在点咖啡之前的几秒钟就能下载完整个电视季节的时候生活会是什么样子。 但是在达拉斯手头没有地图，我只能猜测哪些地区会给我5G Sprint 覆盖(我通常都是错的)
In Chicago on Verizon, 5G worked well on main avenues but not on the side streets — the equipment hadn’t yet made it over to those blocks. On T-Mobile in New York City, I several times found myself automatically connected to 5G while wandering around different neighborhoods. But other times, I could see the carrier’s cell sites on buildings nearby and still struggled to get onto the network.在芝加哥的 Verizon，5G 在主干道上运行良好，但在小路上就不行了ーー设备还没有运到那些街区。 在纽约市的 T-Mobile 上，我好几次发现自己在不同的街区闲逛时自动连接到5G 网络。 但其他时候，我可以看到运营商的手机网站在附近的建筑物，仍然努力进入网络

Beyond phones

除了手机

Narrowly focused on businesses, AT&T’s 5G network is only open to companies and developers, and not available to the general public (though it will be soon). But it’s already being used by At & t 的5G 网络仅仅局限于商业领域，只对公司和开发者开放，不对公众开放(尽管很快就会开放)。 但是它已经被用于Rush University Medical Center in Chicago 芝加哥拉什大学医学中心 to deliver near real-time remote healthcare monitoring and the ability to transmit large imaging files quickly. It aims to eventually support artificial intelligence to help patient care and augmented reality to train medical students. 提供接近实时的远程医疗监控和快速传输大型图像文件的能力。 它的目标是最终支持人工智能来帮助病人护理和扩增实境培训医学学生
Meanwhile, 与此同时,AT&T Stadium 体育场, home of the Dallas Cowboys, is the first stadium with 5G in the country, where beige high-frequency 5G antennas blend into the industrial, modern aesthetic of the football-shaped venue. The world’s most valuable sports franchise plans to give workers, such as parking lot attendants and food service staffers, 5G devices to make everything from in-seat hot dog deliveries to virtual reality fan activations even faster. In July, I performed a series of speed tests inside the stadium that brought in results close to what I experienced outside at the Dallas park, over 1 Gbps per second. 达拉斯牛仔队的故乡，是美国第一个拥有5G 网络的体育场，米黄色的高频5G 天线融入了这个足球形场馆的工业化、现代审美。 这家世界上最有价值的体育特许经营公司计划为员工(如停车场服务员和食品服务员)提供5G 设备，从座位内送热狗到虚拟现实粉丝激活等各种设备，让他们的运动速度更快。 7月份，我在体育场内进行了一系列速度测试，测试结果接近我在达拉斯公园的体验，超过每秒1gbps
“We need to understand what 5G is and how it will enhance our fan experience,” said Matt Messick, chief information officer of the Dallas Cowboys. “We’re one of the first to start asking questions. It’s one thing to start talking about it then to have it and start testing it.” 达拉斯牛仔队的首席信息官马特 · 梅西克说: “我们需要了解什么是5G，它将如何提高我们的球迷体验。”。 “我们是最早开始提问的公司之一。 开始谈论它，然后拥有它并开始测试它，这是一回事。”
Messick didn’t elaborate on what exactly to expect, but stadium-goers are competing with a limited pool of bandwidth; the ability to make calls, check the internet for stats and post videos to social media without lag times is as good of an incentive as any to offer fans in the stands. 梅西克没有详细说明具体会发生什么，但球场观众正在与有限的带宽竞争; 能够打电话、查看网络统计数据，以及不间断地在社交媒体上发布视频，对于在看台上为球迷提供支持来说，是一个很好的激励
Mo Katibeh, CMO of AT&T Business, envisions future cities not needing stop lights as self-driving cars automatically communicate with other connected vehicles nearby. Experts project this could become a reality as soon as 2026. “Everything will be interconnected and ‘talk’ to each other,” Katibeh said. 美国电话电报公司(at & t)首席营销官希望未来的城市不再需要停车灯，因为无人驾驶汽车可以自动与附近其他连接的车辆进行通信。 专家们预测，这可能在2026年成为现实。 “一切都将相互关联，彼此‘对话’ ，”卡蒂贝说

A ‘dose of reality’

现实的剂量

5G is expected to have a major impact on the economy, but exactly how that will look is mostly unknown. 5 g 预计将对经济产生重大影响，但究竟会是什么样子还不得而知
“Right now, job creation is all about the deployment of the network, such as from the tower climbers and equipment technicians,” said Hays, adding it could create a whole new economy just like the internet did. “目前，创造就业机会完全取决于网络的部署，比如来自攀岩者和设备技术人员，”海斯表示。他补充说，这可能会创造一个全新的经济，就像互联网一样
5G could create up to 3 million new jobs across various industries in the US, from smart city development to robotics and food services, 5 g 可以在美国各行各业创造多达300万个新工作岗位，从智能城市发展到机器人技术和食品服务,according to Accenture 埃森哲咨询公司称. But Hays called most projections around 5G “overly optimistic,” considering for now it’s only a faster version of 4G. “There is a dose of reality that needs to come when you talk about 5G,” he said. . 但是海斯称大多数关于5G 的预测“过于乐观” ，因为目前它只是4G 的一个更快的版本。 “当你谈论5G 时，有一剂现实药剂需要来临，”他说
Some of America’s 5G ambitions will confront the realities of 美国的一些5 g 野心将面对现实red tape, costs and other practicalities 繁文缛节，成本和其他现实问题. For example, some experts say millions of delivery drones could one day be supported by 5G coverage, but the networks today aren’t built to work 1,000 feet in the air. Augmented reality could come to car windshields, serving up turn-by-turn directions or even pop-ups of job listings as you drive by businesses. But because US states require glass replacement each time a rock cracks a window, it’ll be harder for insurance companies to agree to pay for new windshields. . 例如，一些专家说，有一天数以百万计的运输无人机可以通过5 g 覆盖得到支持，但是今天的网络不能在1000英尺的高空工作。 汽车挡风玻璃上可能会出现扩增实境，当你开车经过企业时，你可以看到路口的指示，甚至弹出的工作列表。 但是，由于美国各州要求每次石头打破窗户时更换玻璃，保险公司就很难同意支付新挡风玻璃的费用
“Technology development is certainly becoming more feasible, but the question of who will pay also remains,” Hays said. “技术发展当然正变得更加可行，但谁将为此买单的问题仍然存在，”海斯说

在 Samantha Kelly 的5G 网络测试中，在纽约 T-Mobile 的网络上下载一部电影所花的时间比在其他运营商上要长。 但即便如此，38秒下载一部近2小时的电影还是快得令人吃惊
Consumers aren’t looking to pony up for the benefits of 5G either. According to 消费者也不愿意为5 g 的好处掏腰包a recent PwC study 普华永道(PwC)最近的一项研究, about two thirds of respondents said they weren’t willing to pay more for 5G than what they’re already spending on 4G. (More than half said they already pay too much for internet access). 大约三分之二的受访者表示，他们不愿意为5 g 支付比他们已经在4 g 上花费更多的费用。 (超过一半的人表示，他们为上网付出的代价已经过高)Verizon originally announced 威瑞森最初宣布 it would charge an extra $10 a month for 5G coverage, but has since delayed the additional charge for an undetermined amount of time. 该公司将对5 g 覆盖率收取每月10美元的额外费用，但由于时间不确定，该公司推迟了额外收费
Edward Oughton 爱德华 · 奥顿, senior research associate at the University of Oxford who closely studies 5G development, likened the technology to the 英国牛津大学研究5G 技术的高级助理研究员，把5G 技术比作美国的5G 技术Concorde 协和式飞机, 这架高速涡轮喷气发动机驱动的超音速客机以两倍于音速的速度飞行
“[It] did not revolutionize global travel; the jumbo jet did,” Oughton said. “The technology is very fast but only a few wealthy users will be able to afford it at least initially — most of whom will be in urban and suburban areas.” He argued getting the cost per bit of data transfer down is key. “This is where the biggest productivity benefits will lie; not in faster access in cities,” he said. “(它)没有给全球旅行带来革命性的变化，但大型喷气式客机带来了革命性的变化，”奥顿说。 “这项技术速度非常快，但只有少数富裕用户至少在最初阶段能够负担得起，他们中的大多数将在城市和郊区。” 他认为降低每比特数据传输的成本是关键。 他表示: “这是最大的生产效益所在，而不是城市更快的通行。”
All four major US mobile carriers declined to share how many people are currently using their 5G networks, but said they’re continually adding new customers. “Early users might be disappointed with 5G in the beginning as carriers work out kinks,” PwC’s Hays said. “Consumers should lower their expectations in the months and years ahead.” 美国四大移动运营商都拒绝透露目前有多少人在使用他们的5 g 网络，但表示他们正在不断增加新的用户。 普华永道的海斯表示: “由于运营商还在解决一些问题，初期用户可能会对5G 感到失望。”。 “未来几个月乃至几年，消费者应降低他们的预期。”
I took his guidance ahead of my final 5G test with T-Mobile in New York City. The carrier’s 5G network wasn’t the fastest — it took me longer to download “Spiderman: Into the Spider-verse” on T-Mobile than any other network (about 38 seconds) — but my reaction reminded me how quickly we judge new technologies. 我在纽约用 T-Mobile 进行最后一次5G 测试前接受了他的指导。 这家运营商的5G 网络并不是最快的——在 T-Mobile 上下载《蜘蛛侠: 进入蜘蛛体》(Spiderman: Into The Spider-verse)花的时间比其他任何网络都要长(大约38秒)——但我的反应提醒了我，我们判断新技术的速度有多快
When I reached for my 4G phone hours later and a mere app took nearly five times as long to download, I had a newfound appreciation for 5G, even with its limitations. 几个小时后，当我拿起我的4 g 手机，仅仅一个应用程序就花费了将近5倍的时间下载时，我对5 g 有了新的认识，尽管它有局限性，它将不可避免地产生令人头疼的问题，因为不稳定的服务需要昂贵的设备才能访问它ーー但最终，我们将回顾这段时间，试图回忆没有它的生活是什么样子

关于5 g 的5件事
November 22, 2019 by Marketing2019年11月22日
Opensignal shares real-world insights for Cyber Monday and beyond

Opensignal 为赛博星期一及以后分享真实世界的见解

LAGUNA HILLS, CA – November 22, 2019 — 5G is hot, which means many Americans will consider buying a new 5G smartphone this holiday season. Analyst firm IDC expects 5G shipments to reach 8.9 percent of smartphones shipped in 2020, accounting for 123.5 million devices. But the technology can be confusing. Opensignal, the independent global standard for measuring real-world mobile network experience, has been analyzing 5G over the last several months and reporting on the actual 5G experience consumers receive on their devices (not what you get from trials or in labs under optimal conditions). Following are some key findings and insights that may come in handy when considering a 5G purchase – now or next year.

LAGUNA HILLS，加利福尼亚州-2019年11月22日ー5 g 很热门，这意味着许多美国人将考虑在这个假期购买一部新的5 g 智能手机。 分析公司 IDC 预计，到2020年，5 g 智能手机出货量将达到智能手机出货量的8.9% ，占智能手机出货量的1.235亿部。 但是这项技术可能会让人困惑。 衡量真实世界移动网络体验的独立全球标准 Opensignal 在过去几个月里一直在分析5G，并报告消费者在他们的设备上获得的实际5G 体验(而不是在最佳条件下的试验或实验室中获得的体验)。 以下是一些关键的发现和见解，可能会在考虑购买5G 时派上用场——现在或明年。

5G is Fast (Super Fast)

1.5G 很快(超快)

5G promises to bring lightning fast speeds to mobile users and even in its early days, it is.

5 g 承诺给手机用户带来闪电般的速度，即使在早期，它也是如此。

Opensignal analysis shows that 5G users in the USA, along with users in Australia, Switzerland, and South Korea, are experiencing download speeds over 1 Gigabit per second – with the USA enjoying max speeds at 1.8 Gbps. And as 5G evolves, we expect to continue to see increasing speeds. What does this mean in practical terms? It means users will be able to accomplish tasks like downloading videos or uploading selfies much faster than they can today, and that there will be a whole host of new applications and services in the works.

Opensignal 分析显示，美国的5G 用户，以及澳大利亚、瑞士和韩国的用户，下载速度都超过了每秒1千兆比特，而美国的最高下载速度为每秒1.8千兆比特。 随着5 g 的发展，我们希望继续看到更快的速度。 这在实践中意味着什么？ 这意味着用户将能够比现在更快地完成下载视频或上传自拍等任务，而且将有一整套新的应用程序和服务正在开发中。

1. But, It’s Not Available Very Often (Yet)
2. 但是，现在还不是很常见

While 5G is fast, Opensignal recently found that just 1% of speed tests we conducted actually used an active 5G connection. So, while users may have a 5G phone, it will take a bit longer to find ubiquitous connectivity. Why? One reason is that 5G is still new and rolling out, city by city, state by state. Another is that there is more than one type of 5G…

尽管5 g 很快，Opensignal 最近发现我们进行的速度测试中只有1% 使用了主动的5 g 连接。 因此，尽管用户可能拥有一部5 g 手机，但要找到无处不在的连接需要更长的时间。 为什么？ 其中一个原因是5 g 仍然是新兴的，正在一个城市一个州的推出。 另一个原因是有不止一种类型的5 g..。

1. 5G Comes in Different Flavors

3.5 g 有不同的风格

There are 3 main types of 5G being deployed in the USA: low-band, mid-band and high-band (mmWave) differing in the wireless spectrum used. Spectrum refers to the radio frequencies that wireless signals travel over – radio, television, Wi-Fi and mobile phones all use spectrum. 5G spectrum is grouped into bands by their wavelengths: low-band, mid-band and high-band (mmWave).

目前在美国部署的5G 主要有3种类型: 低频段、中频段和高频段(mmWave) ，它们在使用的无线频谱上有所不同。 频谱是指无线信号通过无线电、电视、 Wi-Fi 和移动电话传输的无线电频率，它们都使用频谱。 5G 光谱按波长分为低波段、中波段和高波段(mmWave)。

What’s important to know is that each band has its own benefits and limitations. You can think of low-band as “wide and thin” – it covers a wide geographic area but doesn’t allow for fast speeds. Whereas high-band spectrum is “dense and deep” – it allows for very fast speeds, but in a small coverage area (e.g., the size of a city block). Many predict that mid-band spectrum will be the sweet spot, providing both reach and speed – and U.S. operators have asked the government to make more of that type of spectrum available to them. Until then, it’s important to know which spectrum band each wireless carrier uses because it will impact consumer’s overall 5G experience.

重要的是要知道，每个乐队都有它自己的好处和局限性。 你可以把低频带想象成“宽而薄”——它覆盖了广阔的地理区域，但不允许快速传输。 而高波段光谱是“密集而深邃”的——它允许非常快的速度，但覆盖范围很小(例如，一个城市街区的大小)。 许多人预测，中频段频谱将是最佳选择，既能提供达到的频谱，又能提供速度的频谱。美国运营商已经要求政府向他们提供更多这种类型的频谱。 在此之前，了解每个移动网络运营商使用的频段非常重要，因为它将影响消费者的整体5 g 体验。

1. 5G is Still Really New

4.5 g 还是个新玩意儿

Although we’ve been talking about 5G for quite a while, the technology is still in its early days and there is lots more to come. Today’s 5G networks work with existing 4G LTE networks, so current 5G-equipped smartphones still use 4G technology even when 5G is available. The industry calls them “non-standalone 5G networks” because of 5G’s current reliance on 4G. But the next phase of development will be “standalone 5G networks” which are designed to enable an even greater improvement in user experience than existing 5G services.

虽然我们谈论5 g 已经有一段时间了，但是这项技术仍然处于早期阶段，未来还会有更多的发展。 今天的5G 网络与现有的4G LTE 网络一起工作，所以现在的5G 智能手机仍然使用4G 技术，即使有5G 网络。 由于5G 目前对4G 的依赖，业内称之为“非独立的5G 网络”。 但下一阶段的开发将是“独立的5G 网络” ，旨在使用户体验得到比现有5G 服务更大的改善。

Standalone 5G networks will require totally new core infrastructure, which take longer to create, but will help usher in some of the biggest benefits of 5G such as lowering latency and improving network congestion. Latency is the amount of time it takes for data to travel across the network – from one endpoint (like your phone) to another (like an app server). The lower the latency, the better as the information travels quicker. Similarly, reducing network congestion is key. Congestion, very simply put, occurs when the network is carrying more data than it can handle at any given point in time. Congestion can reduce the quality of your mobile experience by making it harder to connect to the network or slowing your network connection. 5G will help improve both these areas.

独立的5 g 网络将需要全新的核心基础设施，这需要更长的时间来创建，但将有助于迎来5 g 的一些最大的好处，如降低延迟和改善拥塞控制。 延迟是数据通过网络从一个端点(如手机)传输到另一个端点(如应用程序服务器)所需的时间。 延迟越短，信息传递越快。 同样，减少拥塞控制是关键。 简单地说，当网络携带的数据超过了它在任何给定时间点所能处理的数据量时，就会发生拥塞。 拥塞可以降低你的移动体验的质量，使它更难连接到网络或减慢你的网络连接。 5 g 将有助于改善这两个方面。

1. It’s Going to Impact More than Phones
2. 它比手机影响更大

While 5G is starting out on smartphones, it’s eventually going to help connect many devices – across your personal, work and on-the-go worlds. Developers and businesses will have the ability to create 5G-powered Internet of Things (IoT) services that will impact things like gaming, video streaming, and virtual and augmented reality. Companies are already talking about connecting industrial and agricultural equipment to the internet using 5G, which could impact how we get our food, how cars are made, etc. And let’s not forget 5G enabling self-driving cars to communicate with infrastructure like traffic lights and signs.

虽然5G 已经开始在智能手机上使用，但它最终将帮助连接许多设备——包括你的个人、工作和在线世界。 开发者和企业将有能力创建5g 驱动的物联网服务，这些服务将影响游戏、视频流、虚拟和扩增实境。 公司已经在讨论使用5 g 将工业和农业设备连接到互联网上，这可能会影响我们如何获得食物，如何制造汽车等等。 让我们不要忘记5G 技术使自动驾驶汽车能够与交通信号灯和标志等基础设施进行通信。

Want more information? Check out Opensignal’s 5G analysis here. And happy 5G shopping!