Exec’ing Processes {.en}

执行流程 {.zh}

::: {.en} In the previous example we looked at spawning external processes. We do this when we need an external process accessible to a running Go process. Sometimes we just want to completely replace the current Go process with another (perhaps non-Go) one. To do this we’ll use Go’s implementation of the classic exec function. :::

::: {.zh}

在前面的例子中，我们研究了[产生外部过程]（产生过程）。当我们需要一个可以运行Go进程的外部进程时，我们会这样做。有时我们只想完全用另一个（也许是非Go）替换当前的Go进程。为此，我们将使用经典 exec </ code> 功能的Go实现。


:::
package main
import "syscall"
import "os"
import "os/exec"
func main() {
::: {.en}
For our example we’ll exec ls. Go requires an
absolute path to the binary we want to execute, so
we’ll use exec.LookPath to find it (probably
/bin/ls).
:::
::: {.zh}
对于我们的例子，我们将执行ls。 Go需要一个我们想要执行的二进制文件的绝对路径，sowe将使用exec.LookPath来找到它（可能是/ bin / ls）。
:::
    binary, lookErr := exec.LookPath("ls")
    if lookErr != nil {
        panic(lookErr)
    }
::: {.en}
Exec requires arguments in slice form (as
apposed to one big string). We’ll give ls a few
common arguments. Note that the first argument should
be the program name.
:::
::: {.zh}
exec需要切片形式的参数（适用于一个大字符串）。我们将给’ls`一些常见的论点。请注意，第一个参数应该是程序名称。
:::
    args := []string{"ls", "-a", "-l", "-h"}
::: {.en}
Exec also needs a set of environment variables
to use. Here we just provide our current
environment.
:::
::: {.zh}
Exec还需要一组[环境变量]（环境变量）来使用。在这里，我们只提供我们的当前环境。
:::
    env := os.Environ()
::: {.en}
Here’s the actual syscall.Exec call. If this call is
successful, the execution of our process will end
here and be replaced by the /bin/ls -a -l -h
process. If there is an error we’ll get a return
value.
:::
::: {.zh}
这是实际的syscall.Exec调用。如果此调用成功，则我们的进程的执行将结束，并由/ bin / ls -a -l -h进程替换。如果有错误，我们会得到一个返回值。
:::
    execErr := syscall.Exec(binary, args, env)
    if execErr != nil {
        panic(execErr)
    }
}
::: {.en}
When we run our program it is replaced by ls.
:::
::: {.zh}
当我们运行程序时，它被ls取代。
:::
$ go run execing-processes.go
total 16
drwxr-xr-x  4 mark 136B Oct 3 16:29 .
drwxr-xr-x 91 mark 3.0K Oct 3 12:50 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 mark 1.3K Oct 3 16:28 execing-processes.go
::: {.en}
Note that Go does not offer a classic Unix fork
function. Usually this isn’t an issue though, since
starting goroutines, spawning processes, and exec’ing
processes covers most use cases for fork.
:::
::: {.zh}
请注意，Go不提供经典的Unixforke函数。通常这不是问题，因为启动goroutine，产生进程和exec’ingprocesses涵盖了fork的大多数用例。
:::

go by example 中文文档

执行进程

Exec’ing Processes {.en}

执行流程 {.zh}