Arrays {.en}

数组 {.zh}

::: {.en} In Go, an array is a numbered sequence of elements of a specific length. :::

::: {.zh}

在 Go 中，数组是具有固定长度的且编号的元素序列。

:::

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {

::: {.en} Here we create an array a that will hold exactly 5 int s. The type of elements and length are both part of the array’s type. By default an array is zero-valued, which for ints means 0s. :::

::: {.zh}

在这里，我们创建一个数组 a 来存放刚好 5 个 int。元素的类型和长度都是数组类型的一部分。默认情况下，数组是零值，对于 int 数组来说就是 0。

:::

    var a [5]int
    fmt.Println("emp:", a)

::: {.en} We can set a value at an index using the array[index] = value syntax, and get a value with array[index]. :::

::: {.zh}

我们可以使用 array [index] = value 语法设置数组指定索引的值，并使用 array [index] 获取特定索引的值。

:::

    a[4] = 100
    fmt.Println("set:", a)
    fmt.Println("get:", a[4])

::: {.en} The builtin len returns the length of an array. :::

::: {.zh}

内置函数 len 返回数组的长度。

:::

    fmt.Println("len:", len(a))

::: {.en} Use this syntax to declare and initialize an array in one line. :::

::: {.zh}

使用此语法在一行中声明和初始化数组。

:::

    b := [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
    fmt.Println("dcl:", b)

::: {.en} Array types are one-dimensional, but you can compose types to build multi-dimensional data structures. :::

::: {.zh}

数组类型是一维的，但您可以组合类型来构建多维数据结构。

:::

    var twoD [2][3]int
    for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
        for j := 0; j < 3; j++ {
            twoD[i][j] = i + j
        }
    }
    fmt.Println("2d: ", twoD)
}

::: {.en} Note that arrays appear in the form [v1 v2 v3 ...] when printed with fmt.Println. :::

::: {.zh}

请注意，当使用 fmt.Println 打印时，数组以“[v1 v2 v3 …]”的形式出现。

:::

$ go run arrays.go
emp: [0 0 0 0 0]
set: [0 0 0 0 100]
get: 100
len: 5
dcl: [1 2 3 4 5]
2d:  [[0 1 2] [1 2 3]]

::: {.en} You’ll see slices much more often than arrays in typical Go. We’ll look at slices next. :::

::: {.zh}

在典型的 Go 程序种，切片（slide）比数组更常见。我们接下来会讨论切片。

:::