Channel Synchronization {.en}

通道同步 {.zh}

::: {.en} We can use channels to synchronize execution across goroutines. Here’s an example of using a blocking receive to wait for a goroutine to finish. When waiting for multiple goroutines to finish, you may prefer to use a WaitGroup. :::

::: {.zh}

我们可以使用通道来同步 Go 协程间的执行状态。这里是一个 使用阻塞的接受方式来等待一个 Go 协程的运行结束。当需要等待多个 Go 协程完成时，您可能更喜欢使用 WaitGroup。

:::

  1. package main
  2. import "fmt"
  3. import "time"

::: {.en} This is the function we’ll run in a goroutine. The done channel will be used to notify another goroutine that this function’s work is done. :::

::: {.zh}

这是我们将在 goroutine 中运行的功能。 done 通道将用于通知另一个 Go 协程该函数的工作已完成。

:::

  1. func worker(done chan bool) {
  2.     fmt.Print("working...")
  3.     time.Sleep(time.Second)
  4.     fmt.Println("done")

::: {.en} Send a value to notify that we’re done. :::

::: {.zh}

发送一个值以通知我们已完成。

:::

  1.     done <- true
  2. }
  3. func main() {

::: {.en} Start a worker goroutine, giving it the channel to notify on. :::

::: {.zh}

运行一个 worker Go 协程，并给予用于通知的通道。

:::

  1.     done := make(chan bool, 1)
  2.     go worker(done)

::: {.en} Block until we receive a notification from the worker on the channel. :::

::: {.zh}

程序将在接收到通道中 worker 发出的通知前一直阻塞。

:::

  1.     <-done
  2. }
  1. $ go run channel-synchronization.go      
  2. working...done

::: {.en} If you removed the <- done line from this program, the program would exit before the worker even started. :::

::: {.zh}

如果你把 <- done 这行代码从程序中移除，程序甚至会在 worker 还没开始运行时就结束了。

:::