创建索引

PUT /my_index
{
    "settings": { ... any settings ... },
    "mappings": {
        "type_one": { ... any mappings ... },
        "type_two": { ... any mappings ... },
        ...
    }
}

如果你想禁止自动创建索引，你 可以通过在 config/elasticsearch.yml 的每个节点下添加下面的配置：
action.auto_create_index: false

删除索引

DELETE /indexone,index_two
DELETE /index
DELETE /_all
DELETE /

索引设置

number_of_shards每个索引的主分片数，默认值是 5 。这个配置在索引创建后不能修改。
number_of_replicas每个主分片的副本数，默认值是 1 。对于活动的索引库，这个配置可以随时修改。

PUT /my_temp_index
{
    "settings": {
        "number_of_shards" :   1,
        "number_of_replicas" : 0
    }
}

用update-index-settings API 动态修改副本数：
PUT /my_temp_index/_settings
{
“number_of_replicas”: 1
}

参考：https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/elasticsearch/guide/current/root-object.html