实习笔记[SpringMVC和SSM整合]

三层架构

从代码结构的功能上分为三层

1. Dao层(data access object) 数据访问层
2. Servcie 层(或者成为business) 业务层 整合dao层
3. Controller 控制层 控制页面显示和跳转的

三层之间的调用关系：service调用dao层，controller层调用service层

Mvc

从代码的运行角度上栏分为mvc三层结构

1. M model 数据模型层
2. V view 视图层 数据显示层
3. C controller 控制层

Model层相当于三层架构中的dao+service层 View 相当于jsp或者html 用于显示数据的 Controller 控制层，控制页面的跳转，可以发送和接收view的数据，相当于servlet

Springmvc

执行流程

1. Springmvc使用过程

Idea创建web项目

web.xml版本太低，至少要用web3.0以上

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                  http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
</web-app >

修改项目结构，新建java和resources文件夹

运行web项目

Jsp(java server page) java的服务器页面 ，和html区别在于可以在jsp书写java代码，在运行的时候，服务器tomcat会把jsp编译成.class文件，里面的标签，css和js书写方式一模一样

可以自己创建一个jsp或者html文件，直接在浏览器中输入页面 名称访问新的页面

Springmvc入门案例

1. 导入springwebmvc的依赖

<dependencies>
     <!--spring-webmvc-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--扫描controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ujiuye.controller"/>
    <!--配置视图解析器 ,会在controller中方法的返回值上加上前后缀-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>  <!--前缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>   <!--后缀-->
    </bean>
</beans>

3. 配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
          http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--中央控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

4. 随便webapp下面创建一个jsp文件

5. 书写HelloController

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/h1")
    public String hello(){
        return "ok";
    }
}

浏览器直接访问http://localhost:8080/day07/h1

2. 相关配置

1. 静态资源不拦截

在springmvc.xml中配置 mvc:default-servlet-handler/

2. 数据传递到前台jsp

1.导入jstl的依赖

<!-- jstl jsp标签库包 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

2. 在springmvc.xml加入mvc的注解驱动

mvc:annotation-driven/

3. 创建UserBean

public class UserBean {
    private int uid;
    private String uname;
    private String address;
   //alt+insert  生成get/set/构造
    public UserBean() {
    }
    public UserBean(int uid, String uname, String address) {
        this.uid = uid;
        this.uname = uname;
        this.address = address;
    }
}

4. HelloController

@RequestMapping("/h2")
public String h2(Model model){
    UserBean u=new UserBean(1,"张三","西安");
    model.addAttribute("user",u);
    return "okk";
}
@RequestMapping("/h3")
public String h3(Map map){
    UserBean u1=new UserBean(1,"张三","西安");
    UserBean u2=new UserBean(2,"李四","宝鸡");
    UserBean u3=new UserBean(3,"王五","北京");
    List<UserBean> list=new ArrayList<>();
    list.add(u1);
    list.add(u2);
    list.add(u3);
    map.put("datas",list);
    return "list";
}

5. 创建okk.jsp list.jsp

okk.jsp

<body>
    id:${user.uid}
    用户名:${user.uname}
地址:${user.address}
</body>

list.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <table border="1" width="300">
        <tr>
            <th>编号</th>
            <th>姓名</th>
            <th>地址</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${datas}" var="u">
            <tr>
                <td>${u.uid}</td>
                <td>${u.uname}</td>
                <td>${u.address}</td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

访问：

http://localhost:8080/day07/h2

http://localhost:8080/day07/h3

执行过程：

先经过controller的方法，在方法中存入了数据，再根据方法的返回值，跳转到指定jsp页面，在jsp页面中获取controller传过来的数据，所有我们在访问的时候，一定是访问controller的方法

3. Ajax做法

1. pom 导入fastjson支持

<!--json-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.4</version>
</dependency>

2. JsonController

@RestController   //相当于在当前类所有的方法上面全部加上 @ResponseBody
//RestController  跳转+编码+ //相当于在当前类所有的方法上面全部加上 @ResponseBody
//Controller   跳转页面
@RequestMapping("/json/")
public class JsonController {
    @RequestMapping("/h1")
//    @ResponseBody   //将返回值转成json格式的字符串
    public UserBean c1(){
        UserBean u=new UserBean(1,"张三","西安");
        return u;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/h3")
    public List<UserBean> h3(){
        UserBean u1=new UserBean(1,"张三","西安");
        UserBean u2=new UserBean(2,"李四","宝鸡");
        UserBean u3=new UserBean(3,"王五","北京");
        List<UserBean> list=new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(u1);
        list.add(u2);
        list.add(u3);
        return list;
    }
}

3. Json.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>ajax请求</title>
    <script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        //等待网页加载完成之后执行
        $(function () {
            //第一种写法
          /*  $.ajax({
                url:"json/h1",          //请求路径
                dataType:"json",  //后台返回的数据格式,默认就是json
                success:function (data) {
                    console.log(data)
                    var str="id="+data.uid+"姓名："+data.uname+"地址："+data.address;
                    $("#content").html(str);
                }
            });*/
          //ajax的简写方法  解析对象
          $.get("json/h1",function (data) {
              console.log(data)
              var str="id="+data.uid+"姓名："+data.uname+"地址："+data.address;
              $("#content").html(str);
          });
        //解析集合
            $.get("json/h3",function (data) {
                console.log(data);
                var str="";
               /* for(var i=0;i<data.length;i++){
                    var user=data[i];
                    str+="<tr><td>"+user.uid+"</td><td>"+user.uname+"</td><td>"+user.address+"</td></tr>"
                }*/
               $(data).each(function (i,user) {
                   str+="<tr><td>"+user.uid+"</td><td>"+user.uname+"</td><td>"+user.address+"</td></tr>"
               })
                $("#head").after(str);
            })
        })
    </script>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="content">
  </div>
  <table border="1" width="300">
      <tr id="head">
          <th>编号</th>
          <th>姓名</th>
          <th>地址</th>
      </tr>
  </table>
</body>
</html>

直接访问json.jsp 文件

http://localhost:8080/day07/json.jsp

执行过程，直接访问页面jsp或者html，在页面中使用ajax请求controller中数据，拿到json数据直接自己解析

4. 后台接收前端传递过来参数

Get请求：直接在浏览器的地址栏中发送数据，以?参数=值&参数2=值2

Post提交，以请求体的方式提交的，在地址栏中表面上看不到

Post提交是没有数据量限制的，但是get请求一般限制大小是4K，所以提交文件的时候必须是post提交，但是get提交速度快

1. 如果碰到后台接受乱码，在web.xml中配置编码过滤器

<!--编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encode</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encode</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

2. 创建ParamController

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/form/")
public class ParamController {
    /**
     * @param username   变量名一定和前端传过来拿的参数名保持一致
     * @param password 变量名一定和前端传过来拿的参数名保持一致
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("p1")
    public String p1(String username,String password){
        System.out.println("name=="+username+"psw=="+password);
        return "ok";
    }
}

3. 创建一个表单 regist.html

  <form action="form/p1" method="post">
        <div>
            用户名:<input name="username">
        </div>
        <div>
            密码:<input name="password">
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type="submit" value="注册">
        </div>
    </form>

错误类型： 4：前端错误 404:路径错误 400：前后端参数类型不匹配 5：服务器内部错误，java方法错误 接收参数设置默认值 @RequestMapping(“p1”) public String p1(String username, @RequestParam(defaultValue = “123”) String password, @RequestParam(defaultValue = “100”) Integer id){ System.out.println(“name==”+username+”psw==”+password +”id=”+id); return “ok”; } http://localhost:8080/day07/form/p1?username=张三 对象接收参数 @RequestMapping(“p2”) public String p2(UserBean u){ System.out.println(u); return “ok”; } 访问： http://localhost:8080/day07/form/p2?uid=200&uname=admin&address=西安 前台传过来的参数名和对象中属性名保持一致

3. SSM整合

1. Pom

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>5.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
    <!--springmvc的依赖-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Spring 整合Jdbc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Spring面向切面编程 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--servlet-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jstl jsp标签库包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--MyBatis -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- MyBatis整合Spring的适配包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入pageHelper分页插件  PageInfo -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
        <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--MySQL-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 阿里巴巴 数据源 druid -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--json-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>2.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--文件上传-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--读取excel文件-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
        <version>3.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
        <version>3.17</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. PersonBean

public class PersonBean {
    private Integer pid;
    private  String pname;
    //alt+insert  生成get/set
}

3. personDao

public interface PersonDao {
    int add(PersonBean p);
    int del(Integer id);
    int update(PersonBean p);
    List<PersonBean>  findAll();
}

4. PersonService

@Service
public class PersonService {
    @Autowired
    private PersonDao dao;
    public boolean add(PersonBean p){
        return  dao.add(p)>0?true:false;
    }
    public boolean del(Integer id){
        return dao.del(id)>0?true:false;
    }
    public boolean update(PersonBean p){
        return dao.update(p)>0?true:false;
    }
    public List<PersonBean>  findAll(){
        return dao.findAll();
    }
}

5. PersonController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/person/")
public class PersonController {
    @Autowired
    private PersonService service;
    @RequestMapping("add")
    public boolean  addPerson(PersonBean p){
        return service.add(p);
    }
    @RequestMapping("del")
    public  boolean  delPerson(Integer pid){
        return service.del(pid);
    }
    @RequestMapping("update")
    public boolean  updatePerson(PersonBean p){
        return service.update(p);
    }
    @RequestMapping("showAll")
    public List<PersonBean>   showAllPerson(){
        return service.findAll();
    }
}

6 mybatis_conf.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>

7. PersonMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ujiuye.dao.PersonDao">
    <insert id="add" parameterType="com.ujiuye.bean.PersonBean">
        insert person(pname)values(#{pname})
    </insert>
    <delete id="del">
        delete from person where pid=#{0}
    </delete>
    <update id="update" parameterType="com.ujiuye.bean.PersonBean">
        update person set pname=#{pname} where pid=#{pid}
    </update>
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.ujiuye.bean.PersonBean">
        select * from person
    </select>
</mapper>

8. db.properties

url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/tt?characterEncoding=utf-8
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
user=root
password=123456

9. spring_core.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--扫描包注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ujiuye.service"/>
    <!--读取properties配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" id="ds">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
    </bean>
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="ds"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis_conf.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!--扫描dao层包-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.ujiuye.dao"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

10. web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
          http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/spring_core.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!--监听器,监听到服务器一旦启动，自动读取context-param的参数-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!--中央控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encode</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encode</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

11. 测试：

添加：

http://localhost:8080/day07/person/add?pname=admin

删除

http://localhost:8080/day07/person/del?pid=14

修改：

http://localhost:8080/day07/person/update?pid=15&pname=王五

查询

http://localhost:8080/day07/person/showAll