虚拟机磁盘扩容
    参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_26963433/article/details/79467959
    lsblk -f查看连接的磁盘设备和文件格式

    假设原虚拟机使用xfs格式的逻辑卷

    1. 扩容硬盘，假设扩容设备为/dev/vdb，从100g扩容到200g
    2. 增加分区fdisk，类型为8e （如果使用整块盘，此步骤非必要）
      1. fdisk -l 查看分区
      2. fdisk /dev/vdb，n新建分区其他默认，
      3. p查看类型，类型不对用t修改
      4. w保存
      5. partprobe启用分区表
    3. 创建物理卷
      1. pvdisplay查看
      2. pvcreate /dev/vdb2
    4. 扩展卷组
      1. vgdisplay查看 ，原vg名为vg_data
      2. vgextend vg_data /dev/vdb2
    5. 扩展逻辑卷
      1. lvdisplay查看，copy原lv路径
      2. lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vg_data/lv_data
    6. 刷新文件系统大小
      1. 扩容文件系统xfs_growfs /dev/vg_data/lv_data
      2. 其他文件格式是用resize2fs /dev/vg_data/lv_data
    7. 查看生效 df

    举例：

    1. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# fdisk  -l
    3. Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
    4. Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    5. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    6. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    7. Disk label type: dos
    8. Disk identifier: 0x000bcc64
    10.    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    11. /dev/vda1            2048     8390655     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris
    12. /dev/vda2   *     8390656    83886046    37747695+  83  Linux
    14. Disk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    15. Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    16. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    17. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    18. Disk label type: dos
    19. Disk identifier: 0x19260f80
    21.    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    22. /dev/vdb1            2048   419430399   209714176   8e  Linux LVM
    24. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_data-lv_data: 214.7 GB, 214744170496 bytes, 419422208 sectors
    25. Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    26. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    27. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    29. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# fdisk  /dev/vdb
    30. Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    32. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    33. Be careful before using the write command.
    36. Command (m for help): p
    38. Disk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    39. Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    40. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    41. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    42. Disk label type: dos
    43. Disk identifier: 0x19260f80
    45.    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    46. /dev/vdb1            2048   419430399   209714176   8e  Linux LVM
    48. Command (m for help): n
    49. Partition type:
    50.    p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
    51.    e   extended
    52. Select (default p): 
    53. Using default response p
    54. Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
    55. First sector (419430400-1048575999, default 419430400): 
    56. Using default value 419430400
    57. Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (419430400-1048575999, default 1048575999): 
    58. Using default value 1048575999
    59. Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 300 GiB is set
    61. Command (m for help): p
    63. Disk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    64. Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    65. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    66. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    67. Disk label type: dos
    68. Disk identifier: 0x19260f80
    70.    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    71. /dev/vdb1            2048   419430399   209714176   8e  Linux LVM
    72. /dev/vdb2       419430400  1048575999   314572800   83  Linux
    74. Command (m for help): t
    75. Partition number (1,2, default 2): 
    76. Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
    77. Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    79. Command (m for help): p
    81. Disk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    82. Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    83. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    84. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    85. Disk label type: dos
    86. Disk identifier: 0x19260f80
    88.    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    89. /dev/vdb1            2048   419430399   209714176   8e  Linux LVM
    90. /dev/vdb2       419430400  1048575999   314572800   8e  Linux LVM
    92. Command (m for help): w
    93. The partition table has been altered!
    95. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    97. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
    98. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
    99. the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
    100. Syncing disks.
    101. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# partprobe
    102. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# pvdisplay 
    103.   --- Physical volume ---
    104.   PV Name               /dev/vdb1
    105.   VG Name               vg_data
    106.   PV Size               <200.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
    107.   Allocatable           yes (but full)
    108.   PE Size               4.00 MiB
    109.   Total PE              51199
    110.   Free PE               0
    111.   Allocated PE          51199
    112.   PV UUID               mmVYBe-1OHD-PZSJ-KyBd-IgIM-cMNz-hlYl0y
    114. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb2
    115.   Physical volume "/dev/vdb2" successfully created.
    116. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# lvdisplay 
    117.   --- Logical volume ---
    118.   LV Path                /dev/vg_data/lv_data
    119.   LV Name                lv_data
    120.   VG Name                vg_data
    121.   LV UUID                OT7IYK-xaSX-KbPs-k8zb-bjWb-N9od-uNE1oE
    122.   LV Write Access        read/write
    123.   LV Creation host, time srd-code-gerrit-2, 2021-06-17 16:19:12 +0800
    124.   LV Status              available
    125.   # open                 1
    126.   LV Size                <200.00 GiB
    127.   Current LE             51199
    128.   Segments               1
    129.   Allocation             inherit
    130.   Read ahead sectors     auto
    131.   - currently set to     8192
    132.   Block device           252:0
    134. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# vgdisplay 
    135.   --- Volume group ---
    136.   VG Name               vg_data
    137.   System ID             
    138.   Format                lvm2
    139.   Metadata Areas        1
    140.   Metadata Sequence No  2
    141.   VG Access             read/write
    142.   VG Status             resizable
    143.   MAX LV                0
    144.   Cur LV                1
    145.   Open LV               1
    146.   Max PV                0
    147.   Cur PV                1
    148.   Act PV                1
    149.   VG Size               <200.00 GiB
    150.   PE Size               4.00 MiB
    151.   Total PE              51199
    152.   Alloc PE / Size       51199 / <200.00 GiB
    153.   Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
    154.   VG UUID               c3ZqAV-TBt7-nG4W-XYao-d407-sZib-U3QAyc
    156. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# vgextend vg_data /dev/vdb2
    157.   Volume group "vg_data" successfully extended
    158. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vg_data/lv_data
    159.   Size of logical volume vg_data/lv_data changed from <200.00 GiB (51199 extents) to 499.99 GiB (127998 extents).
    160.   Logical volume vg_data/lv_data successfully resized.
    161. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# df -h
    162. Filesystem                                             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    163. devtmpfs                                               126G     0  126G   0% /dev
    164. tmpfs                                                  126G     0  126G   0% /dev/shm
    165. tmpfs                                                  126G   17M  126G   1% /run
    166. tmpfs                                                  126G     0  126G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    167. /dev/vda2                                               36G  3.6G   30G  11% /
    168. /dev/mapper/vg_data-lv_data                            197G  110G   78G  59% /data
    169. sfs-nas1.cn-sz1.internal.ctclouds.com:/share-d5c508dc 1000G   90G  911G   9% /mnt/gerritgit
    170. overlay                                                197G  110G   78G  59% /data/docker/overlay2/af9b9127e31a43d2fcf827b12169de493a14197d91ddc6c402618e31c1067be2/merged
    171. shm                                                     64M     0   64M   0% /data/docker/containers/0b0d772defa1335aff1e9c0d58f1a81b0a2b7c1fc3635e07d85051941f31321a/shm
    172. tmpfs                                                   26G     0   26G   0% /run/user/0
    173. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg_data/lv_data
    174. resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
    175. Filesystem at /dev/vg_data/lv_data is mounted on /data; on-line resizing required
    176. old_desc_blocks = 25, new_desc_blocks = 63
    177. The filesystem on /dev/vg_data/lv_data is now 131069952 blocks long.
    179. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]# df -h
    180. Filesystem                                             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    181. devtmpfs                                               126G     0  126G   0% /dev
    182. tmpfs                                                  126G     0  126G   0% /dev/shm
    183. tmpfs                                                  126G   17M  126G   1% /run
    184. tmpfs                                                  126G     0  126G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    185. /dev/vda2                                               36G  3.6G   30G  11% /
    186. /dev/mapper/vg_data-lv_data                            493G  110G  361G  24% /data
    187. sfs-nas1.cn-sz1.internal.ctclouds.com:/share-d5c508dc 1000G   90G  911G   9% /mnt/gerritgit
    188. overlay                                                493G  110G  361G  24% /data/docker/overlay2/af9b9127e31a43d2fcf827b12169de493a14197d91ddc6c402618e31c1067be2/merged
    189. shm                                                     64M     0   64M   0% /data/docker/containers/0b0d772defa1335aff1e9c0d58f1a81b0a2b7c1fc3635e07d85051941f31321a/shm
    190. tmpfs                                                   26G     0   26G   0% /run/user/0
    191. [root@srd-code-gerrit-2 ~]#