文件系统路径pathlib

# 获取当前工作目录
print(Path.cwd())  # /Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two
# 获取当前文件路径
print(Path(__file__).resolve())  # /Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_28_test.py
# 获取用户home目录
print(Path.home())  # /Users/zaygee
# 获取文件属性
print(Path(__file__).stat())
print(Path(__file__).stat().st_mode)

文件路径组成部分

    .name:文件名
    .stem:文件名，不包含后缀
    .suffix:后缀
    .parent:父级目录
    .anchor:锚
    .parents:获取所有父级目录

print(Path(__file__).name)  # 8_28_test.py
print(Path(__file__).stem)  # 8_28_test
print(Path(__file__).suffix)  # .py
print(Path(__file__).parent)  # /Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two
print(Path(__file__).parent.parent)  # /Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test
print(Path(__file__).anchor)  # /
print(list(Path(__file__).resolve().parents))
print(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1])  # /Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test

子路径扫描

print(f"扫描目录{Path.cwd()}下的所有目录")
print([path for path in Path.cwd().iterdir() if Path.cwd().is_dir()])
"""
扫描目录/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two下的所有目录
[PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_26_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_19_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_25_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_15_3_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_8_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_15_2_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_12_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_9_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_27_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_10_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/test-log.log'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_18_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_11_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/__pycache__'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7-5-test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_14_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_28_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_6_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_7_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/mkdir'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_16_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_19_1.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_14_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_17_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_15_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_29_test.py'), PosixPath('/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_20_test.py')]
"""

子目录匹配

"""递归所有子目录下匹配指定的目录"""
for file in Path().cwd().rglob('*.py'):
    print(file)
"""
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_26_test.py
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_19_test.py
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_25_test.py
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_15_3_test.py
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_8_test.py
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/8_15_2_test.py
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_12_test.py
/Users/zaygee/work_script/Script/python_test/round_two/7_9_test.py
"""

路径拼接

"""路径拼接"""
print(Path.home().joinpath('test', 'test.txt'))
"""
/Users/zaygee/test/test.txt
"""

路径检测

    .is_file():是否是文件
    .is_dir():是否是文件夹
    .exists():是否存在

print(Path.cwd().is_file())
print(Path.cwd().is_dir())
print(Path.cwd().exists())

文件操作

    新增文件：touch(exist_ok=True)
    新增目录：mkdir(parents=True)
    删除文件：unlink()
    删除目录：rmdir()
    文件移动：replace()

print(Path('touch.txt').touch(exist_ok=True))
print(Path('mkdir').rmdir())
print(Path('mkdir').mkdir())
print(Path('touch.txt').unlink())
print(Path('test.txt').replace(Path.joinpath(Path.cwd().parent, 'test.txt')))

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常用pathlib和os对比图