如何检查语法错误

有返回值的函数

error_code = cudaDeviceReset();

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
    cudaError_t error_code = cudaDeviceReset();
    printf("returned error code:%d \n", error_code); // a cudaError_t variable can be regarded as a integer
    printf("cudaSuccess:%d, error_code==cudaSuccess:%d \n", cudaSuccess, cudaSuccess==error_code);
    if(error_code==cudaSuccess)
    {
        printf("CUDA API successed!\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Error needs to be handled! code:%d \n", error_code);
    }
    return 0;
}

获取对应行数和文件名

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
    cudaDeviceProp prop;
    int device_id = 0;
    printf("\nGet properties from device #%d:\n", device_id);
    cudaError_t error_code = cudaGetDeviceProperties(&prop, device_id);
    if(error_code==cudaSuccess)
    {
        printf("CUDA API successed!\n");
    }
    else if(error_code==cudaErrorInvalidDevice)
    {
        printf("Invalid Device! code:%d \n", error_code);
    }
    device_id = 1;
    printf("\nGet properties from device #%d:\n", device_id);
    error_code = cudaGetDeviceProperties(&prop, device_id); // 这一行有错，没有足够GPU
    if(error_code==cudaSuccess)
    {
        printf("CUDA API successed!\n");
    }
    else if(error_code==cudaErrorInvalidDevice)
    {
        printf("Invalid Device! code:%d \n", error_code);
        printf("line:%d in %s\n", __LINE__, __FILE__);// 打印行数和文件名
    }
    device_id = 2;
    printf("\nGet properties from device #%d:\n", device_id);
    error_code = cudaGetDeviceProperties(&prop, device_id);
    if(error_code==cudaSuccess)
    {
        printf("CUDA API successed!\n");
    }
    else if(error_code==cudaErrorInvalidDevice)
    {
        printf("Invalid Device! code:%d \n", error_code);
        printf("line:%d in %s\n", __LINE__, __FILE__);
    }
    return 0;
}

Kernel 调用无返回值，获取最近一次错误，并且打印提示字符

error_code = cudaGetLastError();
cudaGetErrorString(error_code)

#include<stdio.h>
__global__ void hello(){
    printf("*");
}
int main() {
    cudaError_t error_code;
    hello<<<-1, 1>>>(); // 不可调用-1
    error_code = cudaGetLastError();
    if(error_code!=cudaSuccess){
        printf("\n");
        printf("line:%d in %s\n", __LINE__, __FILE__);
        printf("Error needs to be handled!\n");
        printf("Error code:%d \n", error_code);
        printf("Error string:%s \n", cudaGetErrorString(error_code));
    }
    hello<<<1, 1025>>>(); // 线程数越界
    error_code = cudaGetLastError();
    if(error_code!=cudaSuccess){
        printf("\n");
        printf("line:%d in %s\n", __LINE__, __FILE__);
        printf("Error needs to be handled!\n");
        printf("Error code:%d \n", error_code);
        printf("Error string:%s \n", cudaGetErrorString(error_code));
    }
    error_code = cudaDeviceSynchronize();
    if(error_code!=cudaSuccess){
        printf("\n");
        printf("line:%d in %s\n", __LINE__, __FILE__);
        printf("Error needs to be handled!\n");
        printf("Error code:%d \n", error_code);
        printf("Error string:%s \n", cudaGetErrorString(error_code));
    }
    error_code  = cudaDeviceReset();
    if(error_code!=cudaSuccess){
        printf("\n");
        printf("line:%d in %s\n", __LINE__, __FILE__);
        printf("Error needs to be handled!\n");
        printf("Error code:%d \n", error_code);
        printf("Error string:%s \n", cudaGetErrorString(error_code));
    }
    return 0;
}

s

#include<stdio.h>
#define CHECK(X);
{                           \
  cudaError_t error_code=X;;            \
  error_code = cudaGetLastError();    \
 if(error_code!=cudaSuccess){        \
        printf("\n");                \
        printf("line:%d in %s\n", __LINE__, __FILE__);    \
        printf("Error needs to be handled!\n");            \
        printf("Error code:%d \n", error_code);            \
        printf("Error string:%s \n", cudaGetErrorString(error_code));    \
    }                                \
}

注意宏定义函数要有换行符

心得：

注意观察，不是直接调用的CHECK kernel 函数，经过查找资料，充分了解，才能正确的实现功能，不能执拗地违背规律。
总之需要详细地调研，才能更好地分析，巧妇难为无米之炊。