Packaging System Tools

Distributions Low-level tools High-level tools
Debian-style dpkg apt-get apt aptitude
Fedora, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS rpm yum dnf

Search

Style Command(s) Description
Debian apt-get update
apt-cache search search_string
apt-cache search -n pkg_name		 search_string: 包名或者描述信息的关键字
pkg_name: 包名的关键字
Red Hat yum search search_string

Installing a Package from a Repository

Style Commands(s)
Debian apt-get update
apt-get install package_name
Red Hat yum install package_name

Installing a Package from a Package File

Style Commands(s)
Debian dpkg -i package_file.deb
Red Hat rpm -i package_file.rpm

Low-level package installation commands don’t perform dependency resolusion.

Removing a Package

Style Commands(s)
Debian apt-get remove package_name
apt-get remove --purge package_name
apt-get purge package_name
Red Hat yum erase package_name

Updating Packages from a Repository

Style Command(s) Description
Debian apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
Red Hat yum update

Upgrading a Package from a Package File

Style Commands(s)
Debian dpkg -i package_file.deb
Red Hat rpm -U package_file.rpm

Listing Installed Packages

Style Commands(s)
Debian dpkg -l
Red Hat rpm -qa

Determining Whether a Package Is Installed

Style Commands(s)
Debian dpkg -s pkg_name
Red Hat rpm -q pkg_name

Displaying Information About an Installed Package

Style Command(s) Description
Debian apt-cache show pkg_name
Red Hat yum info pkg_name

Finding Which Package Installed a File

Style Command(s) Description
Debian dpkg -S file_name
Red Hat rpm -qf file_name


apt apt-get apt-cache

apt 命令 取代的命令 命令的功能
apt install apt-get install 安装软件包
apt remove apt-get remove 移除软件包
apt purge apt-get purge 移除软件包及配置文件
apt update apt-get update 刷新存储库索引
apt upgrade apt-get upgrade 升级所有可升级的软件包
apt autoremove apt-get autoremove 自动删除不需要的包
apt full-upgrade apt-get dist-upgrade 在升级软件包时自动处理依赖关系
apt search apt-cache search 搜索应用程序
apt show apt-cache show 显示包细节
新的apt命令 命令的功能
apt list 列出包含条件的包（已安装，可升级等）
apt edit-sources 编辑源列表