1. Two Major themes : Abstraction and Hardware vs. Software
  2. A computer System
  3. Level of transformation

:::warning

Abstraction

working in a high level of abstraction is a good thing. If something goes wrong, you can fix it.

Hardware vs. Software

:::

Computer System

  • CPU
  • MEM storage / memory
  • I / O INPUT / OUTUT
    • Input
      • Keyboard’
    • Output
      • Monitor

        LC -3 / Little Computer No.3

        LC - 1 and LC - 2 are not good enough.

The Level of Transformation

Software Problems in Natual Language
Algorithm
Program
Interface Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
Hardware Microarchitecture
Logic circuits
Electronic circuits
Electrons

:::warning Algorithm
step by step procedures
Thress properties

  • definiteness: No ambiguity
  • effectively computable
  • finite

Program

  • Programming language
    • Program to ISA : Compiler
  • Assembly language
    • Assembly to ISA : Assembler

ISA

  • where microprocessor has
  • compatibility
  • Intel / AMD x86
    • 8086
    • 286
    • 386
    • 486
    • Pentium
    • Pentium Pro
    • Pentium M
  • IBM Power-PC
  • SPARC
  • Z-series

Microarchitecture

  • Tradeoffs :::