背景说明

Docker —format 参数提供了基于 Go模板 的日志格式化输出辅助功能，并提供了一些内置的增强函数，例如如下命令

  1. [root@template ~]# docker version
  2. Client: Docker Engine - Community
  3.  Version:           20.10.14
  4.  API version:       1.41
  5.  Go version:        go1.16.15
  6.  Git commit:        a224086
  7.  Built:             Thu Mar 24 01:49:57 2022
  8.  OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
  9.  Context:           default
  10.  Experimental:      true
  12. Server: Docker Engine - Community
  13.  Engine:
  14.   Version:          20.10.14
  15.   API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  16.   Go version:       go1.16.15
  17.   Git commit:       87a90dc
  18.   Built:            Thu Mar 24 01:48:24 2022
  19.   OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  20.   Experimental:     false
  21.  containerd:
  22.   Version:          1.5.11
  23.   GitCommit:        3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8
  24.  runc:
  25.   Version:          1.0.3
  26.   GitCommit:        v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba
  27.  docker-init:
  28.   Version:          0.19.0
  29.   GitCommit:        de40ad0
  30. [root@template ~]#

则可以使用--format进行定义JSON输出

  1. [root@template ~]# docker version --format='{{json .}}'
  2. {"Client":{"Platform":{"Name":"Docker Engine - Community"},"Version":"20.10.14","ApiVersion":"1.41","DefaultAPIVersion":"1.41","GitCommit":"a224086","GoVersion":"go1.16.15","Os":"linux","Arch":"amd64","BuildTime":"Thu Mar 24 01:49:57 2022","Context":"default","Experimental":true},"Server":{"Platform":{"Name":"Docker Engine - Community"},"Components":[{"Name":"Engine","Version":"20.10.14","Details":{"ApiVersion":"1.41","Arch":"amd64","BuildTime":"Thu Mar 24 01:48:24 2022","Experimental":"false","GitCommit":"87a90dc","GoVersion":"go1.16.15","KernelVersion":"3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64","MinAPIVersion":"1.12","Os":"linux"}},{"Name":"containerd","Version":"1.5.11","Details":{"GitCommit":"3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8"}},{"Name":"runc","Version":"1.0.3","Details":{"GitCommit":"v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba"}},{"Name":"docker-init","Version":"0.19.0","Details":{"GitCommit":"de40ad0"}}],"Version":"20.10.14","ApiVersion":"1.41","MinAPIVersion":"1.12","GitCommit":"87a90dc","GoVersion":"go1.16.15","Os":"linux","Arch":"amd64","KernelVersion":"3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64","BuildTime":"2022-03-24T01:48:24.000000000+00:00"}}
  3. [root@template ~]# docker version --format='{{json .}}' | jq .
  4. {
  5.   "Client": {
  6.     "Platform": {
  7.       "Name": "Docker Engine - Community"
  8.     },
  9.     "Version": "20.10.14",
  10.     "ApiVersion": "1.41",
  11.     "DefaultAPIVersion": "1.41",
  12.     "GitCommit": "a224086",
  13.     "GoVersion": "go1.16.15",
  14.     "Os": "linux",
  15.     "Arch": "amd64",
  16.     "BuildTime": "Thu Mar 24 01:49:57 2022",
  17.     "Context": "default",
  18.     "Experimental": true
  19.   },
  20.   "Server": {
  21.     "Platform": {
  22.       "Name": "Docker Engine - Community"
  23.     },
  24.     "Components": [
  25.       {
  26.         "Name": "Engine",
  27.         "Version": "20.10.14",
  28.         "Details": {
  29.           "ApiVersion": "1.41",
  30.           "Arch": "amd64",
  31.           "BuildTime": "Thu Mar 24 01:48:24 2022",
  32.           "Experimental": "false",
  33.           "GitCommit": "87a90dc",
  34.           "GoVersion": "go1.16.15",
  35.           "KernelVersion": "3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64",
  36.           "MinAPIVersion": "1.12",
  37.           "Os": "linux"
  38.         }
  39.       },
  40.       {
  41.         "Name": "containerd",
  42.         "Version": "1.5.11",
  43.         "Details": {
  44.           "GitCommit": "3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8"
  45.         }
  46.       },
  47.       {
  48.         "Name": "runc",
  49.         "Version": "1.0.3",
  50.         "Details": {
  51.           "GitCommit": "v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba"
  52.         }
  53.       },
  54.       {
  55.         "Name": "docker-init",
  56.         "Version": "0.19.0",
  57.         "Details": {
  58.           "GitCommit": "de40ad0"
  59.         }
  60.       }
  61.     ],
  62.     "Version": "20.10.14",
  63.     "ApiVersion": "1.41",
  64.     "MinAPIVersion": "1.12",
  65.     "GitCommit": "87a90dc",
  66.     "GoVersion": "go1.16.15",
  67.     "Os": "linux",
  68.     "Arch": "amd64",
  69.     "KernelVersion": "3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64",
  70.     "BuildTime": "2022-03-24T01:48:24.000000000+00:00"
  71.   }
  72. }
  73. [root@template ~]#

仅输出版本信息

  1. [root@template ~]# docker version --format='{{ .Client.Version }}'
  2. 20.10.14
  3. [root@template ~]#

解决方案

镜像输出

  1. [root@template docker]# docker images
  2. REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
  3. busybox      latest    beae173ccac6   3 months ago   1.24MB
  4. nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   3 months ago   141MB
  5. [root@template docker]#
  6. [root@template docker]# docker images --format '{{ json . }}'| jq .
  7. {
  8.   "Containers": "N/A",
  9.   "CreatedAt": "2021-12-31 03:19:41 +0800 CST",
  10.   "CreatedSince": "3 months ago",
  11.   "Digest": "<none>",
  12.   "ID": "beae173ccac6",
  13.   "Repository": "busybox",
  14.   "SharedSize": "N/A",
  15.   "Size": "1.24MB",
  16.   "Tag": "latest",
  17.   "UniqueSize": "N/A",
  18.   "VirtualSize": "1.24MB"
  19. }
  20. {
  21.   "Containers": "N/A",
  22.   "CreatedAt": "2021-12-30 03:28:29 +0800 CST",
  23.   "CreatedSince": "3 months ago",
  24.   "Digest": "<none>",
  25.   "ID": "605c77e624dd",
  26.   "Repository": "nginx",
  27.   "SharedSize": "N/A",
  28.   "Size": "141MB",
  29.   "Tag": "latest",
  30.   "UniqueSize": "N/A",
  31.   "VirtualSize": "141.5MB"
  32. }

这里针对常用需求进行格式拼装

  1. "table {{.Repository}}:{{.Tag}}\t{{.ID}}\t{{.CreatedAt}}"

命令执行验证

  1. [root@template docker]# docker images --format "table {{.Repository}}:{{.Tag}}\t{{.ID}}\t{{.CreatedAt}}"
  2. REPOSITORY:TAG   IMAGE ID       CREATED AT
  3. busybox:latest   beae173ccac6   2021-12-31 03:19:41 +0800 CST
  4. nginx:latest     605c77e624dd   2021-12-30 03:28:29 +0800 CST
  5. [root@template docker]#

容器输出

首先运行一个容器

  1. [root@template ~]# docker container run -d  nginx 
  2. d91aa5eac508bcd9ba44371dce3415bda6f3d9baaf15112cac611791ab877a9f

查看容器实例

  2. [root@template ~]# docker ps
  3. CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
  4. d91aa5eac508   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   11 seconds ago   Up 10 seconds   80/tcp    blissful_darwin
  5. [root@template ~]# docker ps --format '{{json .}}' |jq .
  6. {
  7.   "Command": "\"/docker-entrypoint.…\"",
  8.   "CreatedAt": "2022-04-09 05:49:13 +0800 CST",
  9.   "ID": "d91aa5eac508",
  10.   "Image": "nginx",
  11.   "Labels": "maintainer=NGINX Docker Maintainers <docker-maint@nginx.com>",
  12.   "LocalVolumes": "0",
  13.   "Mounts": "",
  14.   "Names": "blissful_darwin",
  15.   "Networks": "bridge",
  16.   "Ports": "80/tcp",
  17.   "RunningFor": "11 minutes ago",
  18.   "Size": "1.09kB (virtual 141MB)",
  19.   "State": "running",
  20.   "Status": "Up 11 minutes"
  21. }
  22. [root@template ~]#

这里针对常用需求进行格式拼装

  1. "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Networks}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Ports}}"

命令执行验证

  1. [root@template ~]# docker ps  --format  "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Networks}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Ports}}"
  2. CONTAINER ID   NAMES             IMAGE     NETWORKS   STATUS          PORTS
  3. d91aa5eac508   blissful_darwin   nginx     bridge     Up 15 minutes   80/tcp
  4. [root@template ~]#

容器主机

  1. [root@template ~]# docker inspect --format "{{println}}{{.Name}}  {{.Config.Image}}  {{.Config.Hostname}}  {{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}  {{.NetworkSettings.Ports}}  {{.Args}}{{println}}" $(docker ps -q)
  3. /blissful_darwin  nginx  d91aa5eac508  172.17.0.2  map[80/tcp:[]]  [nginx -g daemon off;]
  5. [root@template ~]#

别名汇总

  2. alias docker-img='docker images --format "table {{.Repository}}:{{.Tag}}\t{{.ID}}\t{{.CreatedAt}}"'
  3. alias docker-ps='docker ps  --format  "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Networks}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Ports}}"'
  4. alias docker-ip='docker inspect --format "{{println}}{{.Name}}  {{.Config.Image}}  {{.Config.Hostname}}  {{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}  {{.NetworkSettings.Ports}}  {{.Args}}{{println}}" $(docker ps -q)'