Machine - 镜像加速 - 《云原生-Docker》

背景说明
解决方案
- book2docker
  - 镜像缓存
  - 指定镜像
- image
  - 指定参数
  - 修改配置

背景说明

使用Docker Machine时会存在两个和镜像加速的地方。

解决方案

book2docker

镜像缓存

docker运行 docker-machine create 命令第一次启动会去github.com下载一个最新的boot2docker.iso 镜像，国内下载会很慢，有时会卡死。
访问github：https://github.com/boot2docker/boot2docker/releases/

并将文件放置至目录~/.docker/machine/cache/

指定镜像

—virtualbox-boot2docker-url手动指定了boot2docker.iso位置。如果不指定该参数，则会从网络直接下载最新版本，非常缓慢

docker-machine create --driver virtualbox --virtualbox-boot2docker-url ~/.docker/machine/cache/boot2docker.iso myvm1

image

指定参数

Docker进程在pull镜像时不指定镜像加速器也会特别的慢，这里指定阿里云

[root@vm1 ~]# docker-machine create --engine-registry-mirror https://wf45d3ay.mirror.aliyuncs.com -d virtualbox deephash-master
Running pre-create checks...
Creating machine...
(deephash-master) Copying /root/.docker/machine/cache/boot2docker.iso to /root/.docker/machine/machines/deephash-master/boot2docker.iso...
(deephash-master) Creating VirtualBox VM...
(deephash-master) Creating SSH key...
(deephash-master) Starting the VM...
(deephash-master) Check network to re-create if needed...
(deephash-master) Waiting for an IP...
Waiting for machine to be running, this may take a few minutes...
Detecting operating system of created instance...
Waiting for SSH to be available...
Detecting the provisioner...
Provisioning with boot2docker...
Copying certs to the local machine directory...
Copying certs to the remote machine...
Setting Docker configuration on the remote daemon...
Checking connection to Docker...
Docker is up and running!
To see how to connect your Docker Client to the Docker Engine running on this virtual machine, run: docker-machine env deephash-master
[root@vm1 ~]# docker-machine ssh deephash-master
   ( '>')
  /) TC (\   Core is distributed with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
 (/-_--_-\)           www.tinycorelinux.net
docker@deephash-master:~$ cd /etc/docker
docker@deephash-master:/etc/docker$ ls                                                                                                               
key.json
docker@deephash-master:/etc/docker$ docker info                                                                                                      
Client:
 Debug Mode: false
Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 19.03.12
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.19.130-boot2docker
 Operating System: Boot2Docker 19.03.12 (TCL 10.1)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 1
 Total Memory: 985.4MiB
 Name: deephash-master
 ID: CTFY:5RUH:GVZC:ZKLP:XI2H:6MJJ:PFGG:V7MB:6LAX:7KUA:HXPA:YF4Q
 Docker Root Dir: /mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
  provider=virtualbox
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://wf45d3ay.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false
 Product License: Community Engine
docker@deephash-master:/etc/docker$ 
docker@deephash-master:/etc/docker$ docker pull nginx                                                                                                
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete 
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 
589b7251471a: Pull complete 
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete 
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete 
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
docker@deephash-master:/etc/docker$ exit                                                                                                             
logout
[root@vm1 ~]#

修改配置

进入docker machine并修改配置文件

[root@vm1 ~]# docker-machine ls
NAME              ACTIVE   DRIVER       STATE     URL                         SWARM   DOCKER      ERRORS
deephash-master   -        virtualbox   Running   tcp://192.168.99.101:2376           v19.03.12   
default           -        virtualbox   Running   tcp://192.168.99.103:2376           v19.03.12   
hostvm            -        virtualbox   Stopped                                       Unknown     
manage            -        virtualbox   Stopped                                       Unknown     
[root@vm1 ~]# docker-machine ssh default
   ( '>')
  /) TC (\   Core is distributed with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
 (/-_--_-\)           www.tinycorelinux.net
docker@default:~$ vi /var/lib/boot2docker/profile

编辑内容


EXTRA_ARGS='
--label provider=virtualbox
'
CACERT=/var/lib/boot2docker/ca.pem
DOCKER_HOST='-H tcp://0.0.0.0:2376'
DOCKER_STORAGE=overlay2
DOCKER_TLS=auto
SERVERKEY=/var/lib/boot2docker/server-key.pem
SERVERCERT=/var/lib/boot2docker/server.pem

为如下内容


EXTRA_ARGS='
--label provider=virtualbox
--registry-mirror=http://xiqingongzi.m.alauda.cn
'
CACERT=/var/lib/boot2docker/ca.pem
DOCKER_HOST='-H tcp://0.0.0.0:2376'
DOCKER_STORAGE=overlay2
DOCKER_TLS=auto
SERVERKEY=/var/lib/boot2docker/server-key.pem
SERVERCERT=/var/lib/boot2docker/server.pem

执行命令docker-machine restart default等待重启完成后，就可以使用docker pull命令来下载镜像。
以上操作也可以直接通过命令替换

docker@default:~$ sed -i "s|EXTRA_ARGS='|EXTRA_ARGS='--registry-mirror=http://xiqingongzi.m.alauda.cn |g" /var/lib/boot2docker/profile     
docker@default:~$ cat /var/lib/boot2docker/profile                                                                                         

EXTRA_ARGS='--registry-mirror=http://xiqingongzi.m.alauda.cn 
--label provider=virtualbox

'
CACERT=/var/lib/boot2docker/ca.pem
DOCKER_HOST='-H tcp://0.0.0.0:2376'
DOCKER_STORAGE=overlay2
DOCKER_TLS=auto
SERVERKEY=/var/lib/boot2docker/server-key.pem
SERVERCERT=/var/lib/boot2docker/server.pem


docker@default:~$ exit  
[root@vm1 ~]# docker-machine restart default 
[root@vm1 ~]# docker-machine ssh default
   ( '>')
  /) TC (\   Core is distributed with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
 (/-_--_-\)           www.tinycorelinux.net

docker@default:~$ docker info
Client:
 Debug Mode: false

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 19.03.12
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.19.130-boot2docker
 Operating System: Boot2Docker 19.03.12 (TCL 10.1)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 1
 Total Memory: 985.4MiB
 Name: default
 ID: GJLG:ERFX:C2XW:WZMT:RGKV:XMAC:YWVY:OX4N:QBGN:TKUZ:VN4F:KMX3
 Docker Root Dir: /mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
  provider=virtualbox
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  http://xiqingongzi.m.alauda.cn/
 Live Restore Enabled: false
 Product License: Community Engine

docker@default:~$