1. pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
  2. ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)
  4. 常用参数：－auxf
  6. ps -auxf 显示进程状态
  8. df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
  9. du: Disk usage
  10. rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
  11. rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
  12. rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
  13. cat: concatenate 连锁
  14. cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
  15. insmod: install module,载入模块
  16. ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
  17. mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)
  18. touch: touch
  19. man: Manual
  20. su：Swith user(切换用户)
  21. cd：Change directory
  22. ls：List files
  23. ps：Process Status
  24. mkdir：Make directory
  25. rmdir：Remove directory
  26. mkfs: Make file system
  27. fsck：File system check
  28. uname: Unix name
  29. lsmod: List modules
  30. mv: Move file
  31. rm: Remove file
  32. cp: Copy file
  33. ln: Link files
  34. fg: Foreground
  35. bg: Background
  36. chown: Change owner
  37. chgrp: Change group
  38. chmod: Change mode
  39. umount: Unmount
  40. dd: 本来应根据其功能描述"Convert an copy"命名为"cc"，但"cc"已经被用以代表"CComplier"，所以命名为"dd"
  41. tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）
  42. ldd：List dynamic dependencies
  43. insmod：Install module
  44. rmmod：Remove module
  45. lsmod：List module
  46. 文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
  47. Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
  48. .a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
  49. .so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
  50. .o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
  51. RPM：Red hat package manager
  52. dpkg：Debian package manager
  53. apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

其他 Linux 命令缩写

  1. bin = Binaries (二进制文件)
  3. /dev = Devices (设备)
  5. /etc = Etcetera (等等)
  7. /lib = LIBrary
  9. /proc = Processes
  11. /sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)
  13. /tmp = Temporary (临时)
  15. /usr = Unix Shared Resources
  17. /var = Variable (变量)
  19. FIFO = First In, First Out
  21. GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
  23. IFS= Internal Field Seperators
  25. LILO = LInux LOader
  27. MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，
  29. SQL = Structured QueryLanguage
  31. PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor
  33. PS = Prompt String
  35. Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language"(实际的抽取和报告语言) ="Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
  37. Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus
  39. Tcl = Tool Command Language
  41. Tk = ToolKit
  43. VT = Video Terminal
  45. YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
  47. apache = "a patchy" server
  49. apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
  51. ar = archiver
  53. as = assembler
  55. awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三个作者的姓的第一个字母
  57. bash = Bourne Again SHell
  59. bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
  61. bg = BackGround
  63. biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。
  65. cal = Calendar (日历)
  67. cat = Catenate (链接)
  69. cd = Change Directory
  71. chgrp = Change Group
  73. chmod = Change Mode
  75. chown = Change Owner
  77. chsh = Change Shell
  79. cmp = compare
  81. cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture
  83. comm = common
  85. cp = Copy
  87. cpio = CoPy In and Out
  89. cpp = C Pre Processor
  91. cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
  93. cups = Common Unix Printing System
  95. cvs = Current Version System
  97. daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
  99. dc = Desk Calculator
  101. dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)
  103. df = Disk Free
  105. diff = Difference
  107. dmesg = diagnostic message
  109. du = Disk Usage
  111. ed = editor
  113. egrep = Extended GREP
  115. elf = Extensible Linking Format
  117. elm = ELectronic Mail
  119. emacs = Editor MACroS
  121. eval = EVALuate
  123. ex = EXtended
  125. exec = EXECute (执行)
  127. fd = file descriptors
  129. fg = ForeGround
  131. fgrep = Fixed GREP
  133. fmt = format
  135. fsck = File System ChecK
  137. fstab = FileSystem TABle
  139. fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
  141. gawk = GNU AWK
  143. gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
  145. groff = GNU troff
  147. hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
  149. joe = Joe's Own Editor
  151. ksh = Korn SHell
  153. lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
  155. lex = LEXical analyser
  157. lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses
  159. ln = Link
  161. lpr = Line PRint
  163. ls = list
  165. lsof = LiSt Open Files
  167. m4 = Macro processor Version 4
  169. man = MANual pages
  171. mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
  173. mc = Midnight Commander
  175. mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
  177. mknod = Make Node
  179. motd = Message of The Day
  181. mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
  183. mtab = Mount TABle
  185. mv = Move
  187. nano = Nano's ANOther editor
  189. nawk = New AWK
  191. nl = Number of Lines
  193. nm = names
  195. nohup = No HangUP
  197. nroff = New ROFF
  199. od = Octal Dump
  201. passwd = Passwd
  203. pg = pager
  205. pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
  207. pine = "Program for Internet News &Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
  209. ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper
  211. pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
  213. popd = POP Directory
  215. pr = pre
  217. printf = Print Formatted
  219. ps = Processes Status
  221. pty = pseudo tty
  223. pushd = PUSH Directory
  225. pwd = Print Working Directory
  227. rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell
  229. rev = REVerse
  231. rm = ReMove
  233. rn = Read News
  235. roff = RunOFF
  237. rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager
  239. rsh, rlogin, rvim中的
  241. r = Remote
  243. rxvt = ouR XVT
  245. seamoneky = 我
  247. sed = Stream Editor
  249. seq = SEQuence
  251. shar = Shell ARchive
  253. slrn = S-Lang rn
  255. ssh = Secure Shell
  257. ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
  259. stty = Set TTY
  261. su = Substitute User
  263. svn = SubVersion
  265. tar = Tape ARchive
  267. tcsh = TENEX C shell
  269. tee = T (T形水管接口)
  271. telnet = TEminaL over Network
  273. termcap = terminal capability
  275. terminfo = terminal information
  277. tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art
  279. tr = traslate
  281. troff = Typesetter new ROFF
  283. tsort = Topological SORT
  285. tty = TeleTypewriter
  287. twm = Tom's Window Manager
  289. tz = TimeZone
  291. udev = Userspace DEV
  293. ulimit = User's LIMIT
  295. umask = User's MASK
  297. uniq = UNIQue
  299. i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
  301. vim = Vi IMproved
  303. wall = write all
  305. wc = Word Count
  307. wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
  309. xargs = eXtended ARGuments
  311. xdm = X Display Manager
  313. xlfd = X Logical Font Description
  315. xmms = X Multimedia System
  317. xrdb = X Resources DataBase
  319. xwd = X Window Dump
  321. yacc = yet another compiler compiler
  323. Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
  325. su = Switch User
  327. MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
  329. ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation