入门案例：通讯录管理系统

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000
//联系人
struct Person {
    string uname;
    // 性别 1 男 2 女
    int sex;
    int age;
    string phone;
    string address;
};
//通讯录
struct AddressBooks {
    //通讯录中保存的联系人数组
    struct Person personArray[MAX];
    //通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
    int size;
};
void showMenu() {
    cout << "-------------" << endl;
    cout << "1、添加联系人" << endl;
    cout << "2、显示联系人" << endl;
    cout << "3、删除联系人" << endl;
    cout << "4、查找联系人" << endl;
    cout << "5、修改联系人" << endl;
    cout << "6、清空联系人" << endl;
    cout << "0、退出通讯录" << endl;
    cout << "-------------" << endl;
}
/**
 * @func 添加联系人
 */
void addPerson(AddressBooks *abs) {
    if(abs->size == MAX){
        cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加！" << endl;
        return;
    } else {
        //添加具体联系人
        //姓名
        string name;
        cout << "请输入姓名：" << endl;
        cin >> name;
        abs->personArray[abs->size].uname = name;
        //性别
        int sex = 0;
        cout << "请输入性别：" << endl;
        cout << "1---男" << endl;
        cout << "2---女" << endl;
        while(true){ //必须输入正确的数据
            cin >> sex;
            if(sex == 1 || sex == 2){
                abs->personArray[abs->size].sex = sex;
                break;
            }
            cout << "输入数据不正确，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
        //年龄
        int age = 0;
        cout << "请输入年龄：" << endl;
        cin >> age;
        abs->personArray[abs->size].age = age;
        //联系电话
        string phone;
        cout << "请输入联系电话：" << endl;
        cin >> phone;
        abs->personArray[abs->size].phone = phone;
        //住址
        string address;
        cout << "请输入家庭住址：" << endl;
        cin >> address;
        abs->personArray[abs->size].address = address;
        //更新通讯录人数
        abs->size++;
        cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
        system("pause"); //按任意键继续
        system("cls");  //清屏
    }
}
/**
 * @func 显示联系人
 */
void showPerson(struct AddressBooks *abs) {
    if(abs->size == 0){
        cout << "当前记录为空" << endl;
    } else {
        for(int i=0;i < abs->size;i++){
            cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[i].uname << "\t";
            cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArray[i].sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
            cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[i].age << "\t";
            cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[i].phone << "\t";
            cout << "住址：" << abs->personArray[i].address << endl;
        }
    }
    system("pause"); 
    system("cls"); 
}
/**
 * @func 判断联系人是否存在
 */
int isExist(struct AddressBooks *abs, string name) {
    for(int i=0;i<abs->size;i++){
        if(abs->personArray[i].uname == name){
            return i;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}
/**
 * @func 删除联系人
 */
void delContact(AddressBooks *abs) {
    cout << "请输入要删除的联系人的姓名：" << endl;
    string name;
    cin >> name;
    int position = isExist(abs, name);
    if(position == -1){
        cout << "查无此人！" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << "已查询到该联系人，正在删除..." << endl;
        for(int i=position;i<abs->size;i++){
            //数据前移 ==> 删除
            abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i+1];
        }
        abs->size--; //更新通讯录中人员数
        cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
    }
    system("pause"); 
    system("cls"); 
}
/**
 * @func 查找联系人
 */
void queryPerson(struct AddressBooks *abs) {
    cout << "请输入要查找的联系人姓名：" << endl;
    string name;
    cin >> name;
    int exist = isExist(abs, name);
    if(exist == -1){
        cout << "查无此人！" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[exist].uname << "\t";
        cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArray[exist].sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
        cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[exist].age << "\t";
        cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[exist].phone << "\t";
        cout << "住址：" << abs->personArray[exist].address << endl;
    }
    system("pause"); 
    system("cls"); 
}
/**
 * @func 修改联系人
 */
void modifyPerson(struct AddressBooks *abs) {
    cout << "请输入要修改的联系人名称：" << endl;
    string name;
    cin >> name;
    int exist = isExist(abs, name);
    if(exist == -1){
        cout << "查无此人！" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << "以下为该联系人相关信息：" << endl;
        cout << "------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[exist].uname << "\t";
        cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArray[exist].sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
        cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[exist].age << "\t";
        cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[exist].phone << "\t";
        cout << "住址：" << abs->personArray[exist].address << endl;
        cout << "------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "请输入修改后的联系人信息：" << endl;
        cout << "------------------------" << endl;
        //姓名
        string name;
        cout << "请输入姓名：" << endl;
        cin >> name;
        abs->personArray[exist].uname = name;
        //性别
        int sex = 0;
        cout << "请输入性别：" << endl;
        cout << "1---男" << endl;
        cout << "2---女" << endl;
        while(true){ //必须输入正确的数据
            cin >> sex;
            if(sex == 1 || sex == 2){
                abs->personArray[exist].sex = sex;
                break;
            }
            cout << "输入数据不正确，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
        //年龄
        int age = 0;
        cout << "请输入年龄：" << endl;
        cin >> age;
        abs->personArray[exist].age = age;
        //联系电话
        string phone;
        cout << "请输入联系电话：" << endl;
        cin >> phone;
        abs->personArray[exist].phone = phone;
        //住址
        string address;
        cout << "请输入家庭住址：" << endl;
        cin >> address;
        abs->personArray[exist].address = address;
        cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
    }
    system("pause"); 
    system("cls");  
}
/**
 * @func 清空通讯录
 */
void cleanBook(struct AddressBooks *abs) {
    cout << "即将删除所有联系人数据！确认删除吗？" << endl;
    cout << "1---是" << endl;
    cout << "0---否" << endl;
    int confirm = 0;
    cin >> confirm;
    if(confirm == 1){
        abs->size = 0; //逻辑删除
        cout << "通讯录已经清空！" << endl;
    } else if(confirm == 0){
        cout << "取消删除！" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << "请输入是/否！" << endl;
    }
    system("pause"); 
    system("cls");  
}
int main() {
    //创建通讯录结构体变量
    AddressBooks abs;
    abs.size = 0;
    int select = 0; //用户选择输入的变量
    while(true){
        //菜单调用
        showMenu();
        cin >> select;
        switch (select) {
            case 1: //添加
                addPerson(&abs);
                break;
            case 2: //显示
                showPerson(&abs);
                break;
            case 3:
                delContact(&abs);
                break;
            case 4:
                queryPerson(&abs);
                break;
            case 5:
                modifyPerson(&abs);
                break;
            case 6:
                cleanBook(&abs);
                break;
            case 0:
                cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
                system("pause");
                return 0;
                break;
        }
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}