class LRUCache {  constructor(capacity) {         this.capacity = capacity  // 缓存的容量    this.hash = {}            // 哈希表    this.count = 0            // 缓存数目    this.dummyHead = new ListNode() // 虚拟头结点    this.dummyTail = new ListNode() // 虚拟尾节点    this.dummyHead.next = this.dummyTail    this.dummyTail.prev = this.dummyHead // 相联系  }}设计 dummyHead 和 dummyTail 的意义虚拟头尾节点,不存数据,只是为了让真实头尾节点的操作,和其他节点一致,方便快速访问头尾节点。初始还没有添加真实节点,要将虚拟头尾节点联结在一起。get(key) {  let node = this.hash[key]      // 从哈希表中,获取对应的节点  if (node == null) return -1    // 如果节点不存在,返回-1  this.moveToHead(node)          // 被读取了,该节点移动到链表头部  return node.value              // 返回出节点值}moveToHead(node) {           this.removeFromList(node) // 从链表中删除节点  this.addToHead(node)      // 添加到链表的头部}removeFromList(node) {          let temp1 = node.prev     // 暂存它的后继节点  let temp2 = node.next     // 暂存它的前驱节点  temp1.next = temp2        // 前驱节点的next指向后继节点  temp2.prev = temp1        // 后继节点的prev指向前驱节点}addToHead(node) {                 // 插入到虚拟头结点和真实头结点之间  node.prev = this.dummyHead      // node的prev指针,指向虚拟头结点  node.next = this.dummyHead.next // node的next指针,指向原来的真实头结点  this.dummyHead.next.prev = node // 原来的真实头结点的prev,指向node  this.dummyHead.next = node      // 虚拟头结点的next,指向node}put(key, value) {  let node = this.hash[key]            // 获取链表中的node  if (node == null) {                  // 不存在于链表,是新数据    if (this.count == this.capacity) { // 容量已满      this.removeLRUItem()             // 删除最远一次使用的数据    }    let newNode = new ListNode(key, value) // 创建新的节点    this.hash[key] = newNode          // 存入哈希表    this.addToHead(newNode)           // 将节点添加到链表头部    this.count++                      // 缓存数目+1  } else {                   // 已经存在于链表,老数据    node.value = value       // 更新value    this.moveToHead(node)    // 将节点移到链表头部  }}removeLRUItem() {               // 删除“老家伙”  let tail = this.popTail()     // 将它从链表尾部删除  delete this.hash[tail.key]    // 哈希表中也将它删除  this.count--                  // 缓存数目-1}popTail() {                      // 删除链表尾节点  let tail = this.dummyTail.prev // 通过虚拟尾节点找到它  this.removeFromList(tail)      // 删除该真实尾节点  return tail                    // 返回被删除的节点}
class ListNode {
  constructor(key, value) {
    this.key = key
    this.value = value
    this.next = null
    this.prev = null
  }
}
class LRUCache {
  constructor(capacity) {
    this.capacity = capacity
    this.hash = {}
    this.count = 0
    this.dummyHead = new ListNode()
    this.dummyTail = new ListNode()
    this.dummyHead.next = this.dummyTail
    this.dummyTail.prev = this.dummyHead
  }
  get(key) {
    let node = this.hash[key]
    if (node == null) return -1
    this.moveToHead(node)
    return node.value
  }
  put(key, value) {
    let node = this.hash[key]
    if (node == null) {
      if (this.count == this.capacity) {
        this.removeLRUItem()
      }
      let newNode = new ListNode(key, value)
      this.hash[key] = newNode
      this.addToHead(newNode)
      this.count++
    } else {
      node.value = value
      this.moveToHead(node)
    }
  }
  moveToHead(node) {
    this.removeFromList(node)
    this.addToHead(node)
  }
  removeFromList(node) {
    let temp1 = node.prev
    let temp2 = node.next
    temp1.next = temp2
    temp2.prev = temp1
  }
  addToHead(node) {
    node.prev = this.dummyHead
    node.next = this.dummyHead.next
    this.dummyHead.next.prev = node
    this.dummyHead.next = node
  }
  removeLRUItem() {
    let tail = this.popTail()
    delete this.hash[tail.key]
    this.count--
  }
  popTail() {
    let tail = this.dummyTail.prev
    this.removeFromList(tail)
    return tail
  }
}
Map
/**
 * @param {number} capacity
 */
var LRUCache = function(capacity) {
    this.map = new Map();
    this.capacity = capacity;
};
/** 
 * @param {number} key
 * @return {number}
 */
LRUCache.prototype.get = function(key) {
    if(this.map.has(key)){
        let value = this.map.get(key);
        this.map.delete(key); // 删除后,再 set ,相当于更新到 map 最后一位
        this.map.set(key, value);
        return value
    } else {
        return -1
    }
};
/** 
 * @param {number} key 
 * @param {number} value
 * @return {void}
 */
LRUCache.prototype.put = function(key, value) {
    // 如果已有,那就要更新,即要先删了再进行后面的 set
    if(this.map.has(key)){
        this.map.delete(key);
    }
    this.map.set(key, value);
    // put 后判断是否超载
    if(this.map.size > this.capacity){
        this.map.delete(this.map.keys().next().value);
    }
};
/**
 * Your LRUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * var obj = new LRUCache(capacity)
 * var param_1 = obj.get(key)
 * obj.put(key,value)
 */