kafka篇 - kafka扩容 - 《大数据SRE资料》

在用kafka集群有3个节点，即host1, host2, host3，现需要将broker节点扩容至6个，以提供更高的数据处理能力。
一、上架物理服务器用于提供更多的资源
新扩容3个broker节点，host4,host5,host6

二、在三台新增节点上部署kafka应用程序
这些不是本文的重点，略过。

三、重新分布原有的topic分区

1、查看集群中当前所有可用的topic
./kafka-topics.sh —list —zookeeper ip:port

lcf-201612201649
test-for-sys-monitor

2、查看特定topic的详细信息

1. ./kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper 192.168.1.92:2181 --topic lcf-201612201649
2. Topic:lcf-201612201649    PartitionCount:24    ReplicationFactor:3    Configs:
3.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 0    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,3,2    Isr: 1,3,2
4.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 1    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,1,3    Isr: 3,1,2
5.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 2    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,2,1    Isr: 3,1,2
6.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 3    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,2,3    Isr: 1,3,2
7.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 4    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,3,1    Isr: 3,1,2
8.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 5    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,1,2    Isr: 3,1,2
9.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 6    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,3,2    Isr: 1,3,2
10.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 7    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,1,3    Isr: 1,3,2
11.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 8    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,2,1    Isr: 3,1,2
12.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 9    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,2,3    Isr: 1,3,2
13.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 10    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,3,1    Isr: 3,1,2
14.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 11    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,1,2    Isr: 3,1,2
15.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 12    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,3,2    Isr: 1,3,2
16.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 13    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,1,3    Isr: 3,1,2
17.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 14    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,2,1    Isr: 3,1,2
18.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 15    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,2,3    Isr: 1,3,2
19.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 16    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,3,1    Isr: 3,1,2
20.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 17    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,1,2    Isr: 3,1,2
21.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 18    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,3,2    Isr: 1,3,2
22.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 19    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,1,3    Isr: 1,3,2
23.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 20    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,2,1    Isr: 3,1,2
24.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 21    Leader: 1    Replicas: 1,2,3    Isr: 1,3,2
25.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 22    Leader: 2    Replicas: 2,3,1    Isr: 3,1,2
26.     Topic: lcf-201612201649    Partition: 23    Leader: 3    Replicas: 3,1,2    Isr: 3,1,2

3、kafka集群分区日志迁移
我们的目标是把原来分布在3个节点上的topic（24partitions, 3replicas），将全部partitions重新分布到全部的6个节点上去。

(1) 先制作topics-to-move.json文件

1. cat << EOF > topic-to-move.json
2. {"topics": [{"topic": "lcf-201612201649"}],
3. "version":1
4. }
5. EOF

(2)使用-generate生成迁移计划

1. [testuser@c4 bin]$ ./bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper 192.168.1.92:2181 --topics-to-move-json-file  ./plans/topic-to-move.json  --broker-list "1,2,3,4,5,6" --generate
2. Current partition replica assignment
3. {"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":1,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":8,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":19,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":15,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":18,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":13,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":0,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":10,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":5,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":12,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":17,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":9,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":7,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":20,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":23,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":3,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":2,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":4,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":11,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":6,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":14,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":22,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":16,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":21,"replicas":[1,2,3]}]}
4. Proposed partition reassignment configuration
5. {"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":1,"replicas":[4,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":15,"replicas":[6,5,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":8,"replicas":[5,3,4]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":19,"replicas":[4,5,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":13,"replicas":[4,3,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":18,"replicas":[3,4,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":0,"replicas":[3,6,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":10,"replicas":[1,5,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":5,"replicas":[2,5,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":12,"replicas":[3,2,4]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":9,"replicas":[6,4,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":17,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":7,"replicas":[4,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":20,"replicas":[5,6,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":23,"replicas":[2,3,4]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":3,"replicas":[6,3,4]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":4,"replicas":[1,4,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":2,"replicas":[5,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":11,"replicas":[2,6,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":6,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":22,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":14,"replicas":[5,4,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":16,"replicas":[1,6,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":21,"replicas":[6,1,2]}]}
6. [testuser@c4 bin]$

注：生成一个向broker 1,2,3,4,5,6迁移指定topic的迁移计划。输出内容中包括当前的分布配置和即将改变后的分布配置。
将以上命令的输出内容保存为json文件。其中当前分布配置备份为backup.json，改变后的分布配置保存为expand-cluster-reassignment.json

(3)使用-execute执行迁移计划

1. [testuser@c4 kafka]$ ./bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper 192.168.1.92:2181 --reassignment-json-file ./plans/reassignment-lcf-201612201649.json --execute
2. Current partition replica assignment
3. {"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":1,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":8,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":19,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":15,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":18,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":13,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":0,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":10,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":5,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":12,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":17,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":9,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":7,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":20,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":23,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":3,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":2,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":4,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":11,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":6,"replicas":[1,3,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":14,"replicas":[3,2,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":22,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":16,"replicas":[2,3,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":21,"replicas":[1,2,3]}]}
4. 
5. Save this to use as the --reassignment-json-file option during rollback
6. Successfully started reassignment of partitions {"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":12,"replicas":[3,2,4]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":17,"replicas":[2,1,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":8,"replicas":[5,3,4]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":7,"replicas":[4,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":23,"replicas":[2,3,4]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":4,"replicas":[1,4,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":19,"replicas":[4,5,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":2,"replicas":[5,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":20,"replicas":[5,6,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":11,"replicas":[2,6,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":16,"replicas":[1,6,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":5,"replicas":[2,5,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":14,"replicas":[5,4,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":10,"replicas":[1,5,6]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":18,"replicas":[3,4,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":22,"replicas":[1,2,3]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":15,"replicas":[6,5,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":1,"replicas":[4,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":6,"replicas":[3,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":21,"replicas":[6,1,2]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":13,"replicas":[4,3,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":0,"replicas":[3,6,1]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":9,"replicas":[6,4,5]},{"topic":"lcf-201612201649","partition":3,"replicas":[6,3,4]}]}

(4)使用—verify进行迁移结果的验证

[testuser@c4 kafka]$ ./bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper 192.168.1.92:2181 --reassignment-json-file ./plans/reassignment-lcf-201612201649.json --verify

查看重分布结果：

./bin/kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper 192.168.1.92:2181 --topic lcf-201612201649

当以上迁移过程导致kafka的leader分布，不符preferred replica分布建议，则可以手动进行再平衡维护。
注：进行分区迁移时，最好先保留一个分区在原来的磁盘，这样不会影响正常的消费和生产。部分迁移则支持正常消费和生产。

(5)关于kafka集群leader平衡机制的维护

./kafka-preferred-replica-election.sh --zookeeper ip:port

或者在配置文件中将参数设置为：

auto.leader.rebalance.enable=true

缩容前的准备
1.编辑之前创建的topics-to-move.json文件，添加上系统自动生成的consumer_offsets
[root@cdh01 ~]# vim topics-to-move.json
{“topics”: [{“topic”: “test”},{“topic”: “consumer_offsets”},
{“topic”: “test1”}
],
“version”:1
}
2.再次使用命令生成迁移计划，这里只选取121，124，126这三个broker，然后把生成计划中的126替换成125进行保存，这样就把126上的数据全部迁移到了125上。
kafka-reassign-partitions —zookeeper cdh01.hadoop.com:2181 —topics-to-move-json-file topics-to-move.json —broker-list “121,124,126” —generate

3.执行迁移命令，进行迁移
kafka-reassign-partitions —zookeeper cdh01.hadoop.com:2181 —reassignment-json-file newkafka.json —execute

4.进行查询，迁移完成
kafka-reassign-partitions —zookeeper cdh01.hadoop.com:2181 —reassignment-json-file newkafka.json —verify

5.在要删除的broker上也可以看到，topic数据已经迁移走
Kafka集群的缩容
在完成上诉缩容前的准备后，现在可以进行kafka集群的缩容。
6.下线topic

总结
1.Kafka集群的扩容和缩容可以通过CM来进行添加broker和删除broker来进行。
2.在Kafka集群扩容后，已有topic的partition不会自动均衡到新的磁盘上。可以通过kafka-reassign-partitions命令来进行数据平衡，先用命令生成平衡方案，再执行。也可以手动编辑迁移方案来进行执行。
3.新建topic的partition, 会以磁盘为单位，按照partition数量最少的来落盘。
4.在Kafka缩容前，需要把要删除的broker上的topic数据迁出，也可以通过kafka-reassign-partitions来进行迁移，手动编辑迁移方案，再通过命令执行即可。
5.kafka-reassign-partitions这个命令，只有指定了broker id上的topic才会参与partition的reassign。根据我们的需求，可以手动来编写和修改迁移计划