背景说明

Chart是Helm的应用打包格式，是一系列用于描述k8s资源相关文件的集合，由一组文件和目录构成，通常整个chart被打成tar包，而且标注上版本信息，便于Helm部署。其中最重要的是模板，模板中定义了 Kubernetes 各类资源的配置信息，Helm 在部署时通过 values.yaml 实例化模板。

解决方案

初始文件

  1. [root@cka-master helm]# tree chart-demo/
  2. chart-demo/
  3. ├── Chart.yaml
  4. └── templates
  5.     ├── Deployment.yaml
  6.     └── Service.yaml
  8. 1 directory, 3 files
  9. [root@cka-master helm]#

Chart.yaml

  1. apiVersion: v1
  2. name: chart-demo
  3. version: 1.0.0

Deployment.yaml

  1. apiVersion: v1
  2. kind: Pod
  3. metadata:
  4.   name: nginx-demo
  5.   labels:
  6.     name: nginx-demo
  7.     app: nginx-demo
  8. spec:
  9.   containers:
  10.   - name: nginx-demo
  11.     image: nginx

Service.yaml

  1. apiVersion: v1
  2. kind: Service
  3. metadata:
  4.   name: nginx-demo-svc
  5. spec:
  6.   selector:
  7.     app: nginx-demo
  8.   type: NodePort
  9.   ports:
  10.   - protocol: TCP
  11.     port: 8000
  12.     targetPort: 80

文件校验

  1. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# helm install --dry-run  --generate-name  . 
  2. NAME: chart-1647338705
  3. LAST DEPLOYED: Tue Mar 15 18:05:06 2022
  4. NAMESPACE: default
  5. STATUS: pending-install
  6. REVISION: 1
  7. TEST SUITE: None

应用安装

  1. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# helm install chart-demo . 
  2. NAME: chart-demo
  3. LAST DEPLOYED: Tue Mar 15 18:09:32 2022
  4. NAMESPACE: default
  5. STATUS: deployed
  6. REVISION: 1
  7. TEST SUITE: None
  8. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# kubectl get svc
  9. NAME             TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
  10. kubernetes       ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP          42h
  11. nginx-demo-svc   NodePort    10.99.153.89   <none>        8000:30205/TCP   12s
  12. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# helm list
  13. NAME          NAMESPACE    REVISION    UPDATED                                    STATUS      CHART               APP VERSION
  14. chart-demo    default      1           2022-03-15 18:09:32.730337415 +0800 CST    deployed    chart-demo-1.0.0               
  15. [root@cka-master chart-demo]#

helm install 根据Chart创建一次Release helm list查询已部署的Release

应用升级

编辑Service.yaml文件修改类型由NodePort改成ClusterIp

  1. apiVersion: v1
  2. kind: Service
  3. metadata:
  4.   name: nginx-demo-svc
  5. spec:
  6.   selector:
  7.     app: nginx-demo
  8.   type: ClusterIP
  9.   ports:
  10.   - protocol: TCP
  11.     port: 8000
  12.     targetPort: 80

执行升级命令

  1. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# helm upgrade chart-demo .
  2. Release "chart-demo" has been upgraded. Happy Helming!
  3. NAME: chart-demo
  4. LAST DEPLOYED: Tue Mar 15 18:24:06 2022
  5. NAMESPACE: default
  6. STATUS: deployed
  7. REVISION: 2
  8. TEST SUITE: None
  9. [root@cka-master chart-demo]#
  10. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# kubectl get svc
  11. NAME             TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE
  12. kubernetes       ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP    43h
  13. nginx-demo-svc   ClusterIP   10.99.153.89   <none>        8000/TCP   14m
  14. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# 
  15. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# helm list
  16. NAME          NAMESPACE    REVISION    UPDATED                                    STATUS      CHART               APP VERSION
  17. chart-demo    default      2           2022-03-15 18:24:06.649868478 +0800 CST    deployed    chart-demo-1.0.0               
  18. [root@cka-master chart-demo]#

应用回滚

  1. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# helm rollback chart-demo 1
  2. Rollback was a success! Happy Helming!
  3. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# kubectl get svc
  4. NAME             TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
  5. kubernetes       ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP          43h
  6. nginx-demo-svc   NodePort    10.99.153.89   <none>        8000:32633/TCP   17m
  7. [root@cka-master chart-demo]# helm list
  8. NAME          NAMESPACE    REVISION    UPDATED                                    STATUS      CHART               APP VERSION
  9. chart-demo    default      3           2022-03-15 18:26:30.344297794 +0800 CST    deployed    chart-demo-1.0.0               
  10. [root@cka-master chart-demo]#

应用删除

  1. [root@cka-master templates]# kubectl get svc
  2. NAME             TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
  3. kubernetes       ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP          43h
  4. nginx-demo-svc   NodePort    10.99.153.89   <none>        8000:32633/TCP   30m
  5. [root@cka-master templates]# helm uninstall chart-demo
  6. release "chart-demo" uninstalled
  7. [root@cka-master templates]# kubectl get svc
  8. NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
  9. kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP   43h
  10. [root@cka-master templates]#

helm的Chart删除时对应创建的资源对象也会同步删除