原因

当将复合主键作为外键添加约束时写法有误导致。

解决办法

示例格式如下。

 CONSTRAINT `xxx_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`key1`, `key2`, ...) REFERENCES <table_name> (`fk_key1`, `fk_key2`, ...)

具体参见以下SQL文件（部分）。

# 电脑组装方案
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `pc_assembly_scheme`;
CREATE TABLE `pc_assembly_scheme`
(
    `scheme_id`              int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '序号',
    `gpu_manufacturer`       varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '独立显卡厂商',
    `gpu_model`              varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '独立显卡型号',
    `mainboard_manufacturer` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '主板厂商',
    `mainboard_model`        varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '主板型号',
    `cpu_manufacturer`       varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'CPU厂商',
    `cpu_model`              varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'CPU型号',
    PRIMARY KEY (`scheme_id`) USING BTREE,
    UNIQUE INDEX `pc_assembly_scheme_pk` (`scheme_id`) USING BTREE,
    CONSTRAINT `gpu_manufacturer_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`gpu_manufacturer`, `gpu_model`) REFERENCES `gpu` (`manufacturer`, `model`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
    CONSTRAINT `mainboard_manufacturer_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`mainboard_manufacturer`, `mainboard_model`) REFERENCES `mainboard` (`manufacturer`, `model`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
    CONSTRAINT `cpu_manufacturer_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`cpu_manufacturer`, `cpu_model`) REFERENCES `cpu` (`manufacturer`, `model`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE = InnoDB;
# GPU
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `gpu`;
CREATE TABLE `gpu`
(
    `manufacturer`                 varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '厂商',
    `model`                        varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '型号',
    `product_series`               varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品系列',
    `core_code`                    varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '核心代号',
    `manufacture_process(nm)`      varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '制造工艺(nm)',
    `stream_processor_num`         varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '流处理器数',
    `core_frequency(GHz)`          varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '核心频率(GHz)',
    `accelerating_frequency(GHz)`  varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '加速频率(GHz)',
    `video_memory_bit_width(-bit)` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '显存位宽',
    `video_memory_capacity`        varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '显存容量',
    `video_memory_frequency(GHz)`  varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '显存频率(GHz)',
    `power(W)`                     varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '功耗(W)',
    PRIMARY KEY (`manufacturer`, `model`) USING BTREE,
    UNIQUE INDEX `gpu_pk` (`manufacturer`, `model`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB;