一、.Linux的网络配置

1．打开VMware 虚拟网络编辑器选择相应的网络
NAT或host-only
2．打开Windows对应的虚拟网卡
vmnet1（host-only）和 vmnet8（NAT）
3．配置虚拟网络编辑器对应的ip段
192.168.100.0
4．进入Linux，打开终端，修改配置文件

vim  /etc /sysconfig /network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
  **修改内容如下**：
  BOOTPROTO=static                       ###
  ONBOOT=yes                             ###
  IPADDR=192.168.100.20                  ###
  NETMASK="255.255.255.0"                #  centos7可以不配
  GATEWAY=192.168.100.2                  ###
  DNS1=8.8.8.8                           ###
  DNS2=114.114.114.114                   # 可以不配置

5．重启网络
systemctl restart network
克隆如果网络启动不了：
查看

systemctl   status    network,如果是control  process  exit这个错误，需要关闭网络管理工具
systemctl    stop    NetworkManager          //临时关闭      即时生效
systemctl    disable   NetworkManager        //永久关闭      重启以后才生效，要不然光设置此项没效果

6．关闭Linux的防火墙

systemctl   stop         firewalld       //临时修改
systemctl   disable     firewalld        //永久修改

7 . 关闭selinux

getenforce                  //查看
setenforce    0                //临时修改
vim  /etc/selinux/config    //永久修改
SELINUX=disabled

8 . 修改主机名为lnmp
一次性修改主机名： hostnamectl set-hostname lnmp
su – 生效

//主机网卡的配置与VMware的虚拟主机在同一网段即可
二、

二、安装与配置MySQL

1.安装MySQL

#上传二进制编译包至虚拟机
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
libmcrypt-2.5.7                             nginx-1.17.8.tar.gz
libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz                      php-5.6.30
mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  php-5.6.30.tar.gz
nginx-1.17.8
#yum安装必要工具组件
[root@localhost src]# yum install -y net-tools vim tree
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxf mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
# 移动 MySQL的包到新的目录
[root@localhost src]# mv mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
# 创建MySQL用户，不可登录。启动需要
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost src]#  cd /usr/local/mysql/
# 创建存放数据目录；更改权限
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /data/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls -la
total 2
drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql      104 Aug  9 18:10 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root  root        18 Aug  9 18:05 ..
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
# 需要依赖
[root@localhost mysql]# yum install -y perl-Module-Install
# 初始化，上面有两个ok确定安装成功
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/

2.配置MySQL

[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
port = 3306
server_id = 29
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# 配置启动脚本
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 777 /etc/init.d/mysqld 
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1462/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2605/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      7891/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1462/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2605/master

三、安装与配置PHP

1.安装PHP

[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src/
#上传二进制编译包至虚拟机
[root@localhost src]# ls 
mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  php-5.6.30.tar.gz
# 依赖
[root@localhost src]# yum install -y gcc libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel eplel-release libmcrypt-devel libcurl-devel  libjpeg-devel
#解压上传的文件包
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.6.30
#建立PHP用户
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
#进行编译
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
# 出现错误的话可能是环境缺少依赖，安装对应的依赖或者安装gcc
#yum install -y libmcrypt-devel
#重新进行编译
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you for using PHP.
config.status: creating php5.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.8
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/status.html
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands
#这样就是编译成功
#接下来进行make编译
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# make && make install 
# 遇到报错  
/usr/bin/ld: note: 'SSLv23_client_method@@libssl.so.10' is defined in DSO /lib64/libssl.so.10 so try adding it to the linker command line
/lib64/libssl.so.10: could not read symbols: Invalid operation
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sapi/cli/php] Error 1
# 解决方法 在一百行左右 -lcrypt -lpthread
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# vim Makefile
# 继续编译  时间比较久
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# make && make install 
#查看刚刚执行的编译是否有错误
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# echo $?
0

2.配置PHP

# 复制配置文件
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
 # 修改配置文件
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
# 带有successful 表示成功。
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[09-Aug-2021 21:21:15] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
# 启动php-fpm
#复制文件
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
#更改文件权限
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
#启动PHP
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done
#设置开机自启
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# chkconfig php-fpm on
#测试
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# ps aux |grep php-fpm
root     104939  0.0  0.2 127964  4848 ?        Ss   21:26   0:00php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm  104940  0.0  0.2 127964  4592 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104941  0.0  0.2 127964  4592 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104942  0.0  0.2 127964  4596 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104943  0.0  0.2 127964  4596 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104944  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104945  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104946  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104947  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104948  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104949  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104950  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104951  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104952  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104953  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104954  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104955  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104956  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104957  0.0  0.2 127964  4600 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104958  0.0  0.2 127964  4604 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm  104959  0.0  0.2 127964  4604 ?        S    21:26   0:00php-fpm: pool www
root     104962  0.0  0.0 112820   964 pts/0    S+   21:26   0:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm

四、安装与配置Nginx

1.安装Nginx

# 上传安装包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  php-5.6.30
nginx-1.17.8.tar.gz                         php-5.6.30.tar.gz
#解压文件包
[root@localhost src]# tar zxf nginx-1.17.8.tar.gz 
[root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.17.8
#进行编译
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using system zlib library
  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/ngin"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/ngin/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/ngin/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/ngin/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/ngin/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/ngin/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/ngin/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/ngin/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# make && make install
#查看返回值
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# echo $?
0
# 因为文件比较小，安装速度很快。

2.配置Nginx

#修改配置文件
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#添加以下内容
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() 
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() 
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
stop
start
}
configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
#修改文件权限
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost local]# cd /etc/init.d/
[root@localhost init.d]# ls -al
total 56
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   104 Sep  3 13:28 .
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root  4096 Sep  3 12:01 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 13948 Sep 16  2015 functions
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root 10592 Sep  3 11:44 mysql
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root  2989 Sep 16  2015 netconsole
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root  6630 Sep 16  2015 network
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root   942 Sep  3 13:28 nginx
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root  2358 Sep  3 12:50 php-fpm
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  1160 Feb  2  2021 README
#增加指定服务
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# chkconfig --add nginx
#设置开机自启
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# chkconfig nginx on
#清空文件内容
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#添加如下内容
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
' $host "$request_uri" $status'
' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
#检查文件是否出错
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
# 启动服务 
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# service nginx start 
Starting nginx (via systemctl):                            [  OK  ]
#检查进程
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# ps aux |grep nginx
root     107675  0.0  0.0  20572   636 ?        Ss   22:46   0:00nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody   107676  0.0  0.1  22968  3188 ?        S    22:46   0:00nginx: worker process
nobody   107677  0.0  0.1  22968  3188 ?        S    22:46   0:00nginx: worker process
root     107680  0.0  0.0 112816   968 pts/0    S+   22:46   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
#查看端口
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      107675/nginx: maste 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1462/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2605/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      7891/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1462/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2605/master         
#测试文件
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
#测试解析PHP
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php
<?php
        echo "test php scripts"
?>
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.8]# curl localhost/1.php
test php scripts[root@lnmp nginx-1.17.8]# 
#成功

PHP-fpm
php-fpm的pool
Nginx可以配置多个主机，php-fpm也可以配置多个pool
配置多个pool可以隔离开各个网站，例如一个网站有问题，把PHP资源耗尽了，那其他网站和这个网站使用的是同一个pool 那也会受到影响，所以我们可以给每个站点都配置一个pool。网站报错502一般和PHP有关。
给不同的站点分别配置不同的pool

## 给两个站点分别配置不同的pool
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep php
root       1195      1  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm    1209   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1211   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1212   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1213   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1214   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1215   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1216   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1219   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1220   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1221   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1222   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1228   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1229   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1230   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1231   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1232   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1233   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1234   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1235   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    1238   1195  0 02:15 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root       2537   2517  0 02:15 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php
# 进入配置文件目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/
# 添加一个pool为123.com 
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
[123.com]
listen = /tmp/123.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
# 检查语法
[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[19-Aug-2021 07:13:29] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
# 重启
[root@localhost etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart 
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
# 看到出现了新的pool
[root@localhost etc]# ps -aux |grep php
root       2997  0.4  0.2 231720  4880 ?        Ss   07:14   0:00php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm    2998  0.0  0.2 231660  4608 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    2999  0.0  0.2 231660  4608 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3000  0.0  0.2 231660  4608 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3001  0.0  0.2 231660  4608 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3002  0.0  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3003  0.0  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3004  0.0  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3005  0.0  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3006  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3007  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3008  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3009  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3010  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3011  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3012  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3013  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3014  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3015  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3016  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3017  0.0  0.2 231660  4616 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3018  0.2  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3019  0.0  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3020  0.0  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3021  0.0  0.2 231660  4612 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3022  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3023  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3024  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3025  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3026  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3027  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3028  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3029  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3030  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3031  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3032  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3033  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3034  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3035  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3036  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3037  0.0  0.2 231660  4620 ?        S    07:14   0:00php-fpm: pool 123.com
root       3039  0.0  0.0 112820   968 pts/1    S+   07:14   0:00 grep --color=auto php
[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/
#编辑文件
[root@localhost vhost]# vim default.conf
server
{
    listen 80 default_server;
    server_name aaa.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/nginx/default;
    location ~ \.php$ {
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/123.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/nginx/test.com$fastcgi_script_name;
    }
}
# fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/123.sock; 主要就是修改这一行配置文件选择不同的pool。
#检查文件是否出错并重新加载配置文件
[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

配置拆分多个pool
在nginx.conf这个配置文件下有一行配置文件为 include vhost/*.conf; 他的作用为识别指定目录下以conf为结尾的配置文件，让每个站点为一个配置文件。

# 进入配置文件目录
[root@localhost vhost]# cd  /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/
# 加入一行include
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
include = etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
# 创建存放配置文件的目录
[root@localhost etc]# mkdir php-fpm.d
[root@localhost etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim 123.conf 
[123.com]
listen = /tmp/123.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf 
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
#检查文件是否出错
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[19-Aug-2021 07:40:02] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf 
test is successful
# 重启服务
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart 
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
# 查看一下sock文件
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ls /tmp/*.sock
/tmp/123.sock  /tmp/mysql.sock  /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
#查看PHP进程
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ps -ef |grep php
root       3075      1  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm    3076   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3077   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3078   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3079   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3080   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3081   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3082   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3083   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3084   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3085   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3086   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3087   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3088   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3089   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3090   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3091   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3092   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3093   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3094   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3095   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool 123.com
php-fpm    3096   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3097   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3098   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3099   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3100   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3101   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3102   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3103   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3104   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3105   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3106   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3107   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3108   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3109   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3110   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3111   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3112   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3113   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3114   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm    3115   3075  0 07:40 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root       3118   2900  0 07:40 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php

php-fpm查看慢执行日志
通过配置慢执行日志，可以让我们清晰的了解到PHP脚本在哪里执行时间长，可以定位到哪一行。

# 添加两行配置文件
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
request_slowlog_timeout = 1
slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[19-Aug-2021 10:09:00] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf 
test is successful
# 重载PHP服务
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload
Reload service php-fpm  done
# 查看日志目录，可以看到我们配置的路径已经多了一个
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/
php-fpm.log  www-slow.log
# 现在的www-slow.log还是一个空文件。只会记录执行时间大于1s的日志
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log 
# 编辑一个慢执行文件
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim  /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php
<?php
echo "test slow log";
sleep(2);
echo "done";
?>
# 执行这个脚本的时候可以明显看到慢了一下。
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php
test slow logdone[root@lnmp php-fpm.d]# 
# 可以看到日志多出一行。说哪个文件，第三行 sellp（）问题。
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log 
[19-Aug-2021 10:27:09]  [pool www] pid 3243
script_filename = /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php
[0x00007feda8c3c288] sleep() /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php:3

php-fpm定义open_basedir

open_basedir目的就是安全，httpd可以针对每个虚拟机设置一个open_basedir
php-fpm同样也可以对不同的pool设置的不同的open_basedir

# 修改配置文件，特意配置为错误路径
# 添加一行配置文件，其中test.com的路径为错误路径
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/data/nginx/wwwtest.com:/tmp/
#重新启动
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
# 测试发现这些PHP文件都无法访问，就是因为php open_basedir做了限制。
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ls /data/nginx/test.com/
1.js  1.jss  2.jpg  2.js  3.php  admin  index.html  sleep.php
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 02:51:12 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/3.php -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 02:51:45 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30
# 把配置文件改为正确的
# 发现可以正常使用
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/data/nginx/test.com:/tmp/
#重新启动
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart 
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
#进行测试
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/3.php -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 02:57:52 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 02:58:00 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30

配置错误日志
配置记录php执行错误的日志

# 配置 
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini 
display_errors = Off
log_errors = On
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
;error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT
error_reporting = E_ALL
# 再次将php的配置文件改错
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/data/nginx/wwwtest.com:/tmp/
# 创建一个日志文件，并授权。
[root@lnmp php-fpm.d]# touch /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
[root@lnmp php-fpm.d]# chmod 777 /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log
[root@localhost log]# ls -al
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   63 Sep  6 14:44 .
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root   26 Sep  3 12:39 ..
-rwxrwxrwx  1 root root    0 Sep  6 14:44 php_error.log
-rw-------. 1 root root 3515 Sep  6 14:23 php-fpm.log
-rw-------  1 root root  312 Sep  6 14:23 www-slow.log
# 重启
[root@localhost log]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart        
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
# 查看
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/3.php -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 03:21:22 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 03:21:32 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php 
No input file specified.
# 查看错误日志，显示open_basedir限制生效，目录不能访问
[root@lnmp php-fpm.d]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log 
[19-Aug-2021 03:21:22 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/data/nginx/test.com/3.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/nginx/wwwtest.com:/tmp/) in Unknown on line 0
[19-Aug-2021 03:21:22 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0
[19-Aug-2021 03:21:32 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/nginx/wwwtest.com:/tmp/) in Unknown on line 0
[19-Aug-2021 03:21:32 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0
[19-Aug-2021 03:21:45 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/nginx/wwwtest.com:/tmp/) in Unknown on line 0
[19-Aug-2021 03:21:45 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0
# 再次将配置文件修改回来
[root@vlocalhost php-fpm.d]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
request_slowlog_timeout = 1
slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log
php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/data/nginx/test.com:/tmp/
# 重启服务，可以正常使用，也没有产生错误日志。
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart 
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 03:25:43 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/3.php -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.17.8
Date: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 03:25:50 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30

五、php-fpm进程管理

pm = dynamic //动态进程管理，也可以是static 如果是静态的，会直接启动最大子进程数
pm.max_children = 50 //最大子进程数，ps aux可以查看
pm.start_servers = 20 //启动服务时会启动的进程数
pm.min_spare_servers = 5 //定义在空闲时段，子进程数的最少数量，如果达到这个数值时，php-fpm服务会自动派生新的子进程。
pm.max_spare_servers = 35 //定义在空闲时段，子进程数的最大值，如果高于这个数值就开始清理空闲的子进程。
pm.max_requests = 500 //定义一个子进程最多处理的请求数，也就是说在一个php-fpm的子进程最多可以处理这么多请求，当达到这个数值时，它会自动退出。

云运维与应用开发工坊实操

LNMP的环境搭建语配置