Systems, inputs, and outputs
What is a process and what is a system?
| PROCESS | SYSTEM |
|---|---|
| A process is as a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end. In IoT devices, this is generally taken care of by the program that runs on the micro. |
A system may be defined as a set of things working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network; a complex whole. In IoT, we run a program on our micro, which controls/reads a variety of actuators or sensors to perform a specific function - our system. |
An electronic system is a physical interconnection of components, or parts, that gathers various items and information together, processes them, and supplies some form of output.
Coffee pot
inputs are:
- coffee
- water
- a filter
- electricity
output
A proportion of the system is fed back to the input and either added to (positive feedback) or subtracted from (negative feedback) the input. This results in the output of the system continually altering or updating the input with the current output conditions.
- The scenario of turning on a heater.
Open-loop control system
- The system does not monitor or measure the condition of its output signal. For that reason, it is also called a non-feedback system.
- The open-loop drying system of a clothes dryer.
Open and closed loop advantages and disadvantages -error correction
- In summary, an open-loop system has no knowledge of the output condition, so it cannot self-correct any errors when the preset input value drifts.
- Closed-loop systems use feedback where a portion of the output signal is fed back to the input to reduce errors and improve stability, which is something we generallly want to have in IoT systems
- The primary advantage of a closed-loop feedback control system is its ability to reduce a system’s sensitivity to external disturbance
Open vs closed-loop systems
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