playbook
    一系列模块任务的集合

    1. ---
    2. - hosts: webser
    3.   remove_user: root
    5.   tasks:
    6.     - name: hello
    7.       command: echo "hello"
    8.     - name: create file
    9.       file: name=/data/newfile state=touch
    10.     - name: create user
    11.       user: name=nobody shell=/sbin/nologin
    12.     - name: install pakcage httpd
    13.       yum: name=httpd state=laste
    14.     # 同样的模块 不能写在一起
    15.     - name: copy index.html
    16.       copy: src=/data/index.html dest=/var/html
    17.     - name: copy main.html
    18.       copy: src=/data/main.html dest=/var/html

    playbook 执行的相对路径是 文件所在的路径
    ansible-playbook hello.yaml

    image.png
    handlers和notify
    当notify配置的任务发生改变时 会执行notify配置的任务(可以触发多个任务 列表形式)
    如： copy模块改动了配置文件 service就会被重启

    1. ---
    2. - hosts: webser
    3.   remove_user: root
    5.   tasks:
    6.     - name: install httpd
    7.       yum: name=httpd
    8.     - name: copy conf file
    9.       copy: src=files/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf backup=yes
    10.       notify: restart service
    11.     - name: start service
    12.       service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
    13.   handlers:
    14.     - name: restart service
    15.       service: name=httpd state=restarted

    tags
    标签 可以通过tags关键字调用任务

    1. ---
    2. - hosts: webser
    3.   remove_user: root
    5.   tasks:
    6.     - name: install httpd
    7.       yum: name=httpd
    8.       tags: installhttpd
    9.     - name: copy conf file
    10.       copy: src=files/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf backup=yes
    11.       notify: restart service
    12.     - name: start service
    13.       service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
    14.       tags: starthttpd
    15.   handlers:
    16.     - name: restart service
    17.       service: name=httpd state=restarted

    ansible-playbook -t starthttpd httpd.yaml //只执行 starthttpd 这一个标签的类容
    ansible-playboot —list-tags httpd.yaml
    多个任务可以共用一个标签

    playbook中的变量
    变量仅能由字母 数字 下划线组成 只能以字母开头
    变量来源：
    ansible setup facts // 系统状态信息
    ansible webser -m setup -a “filter=address“ //查询带address的变量名称

    palay脚本中定义变量

    1. - hosts: appser
    2.   remote_user: root
    3.   vars:
    4.     - pk_name: httpd 
    6.   tasks:
    7.     - name: install package
    8.       yum: name={{ pk_name }}
    9.     - name: start service
    10.       service: name={{ pk_name }} state=started enabled=yes

    ansible-playbook -e “pk_name= httpd” app.yml // 对playbook变量 赋值运行
    playbook中 也可以对变量赋值

    在/etc/ansible/hosts中 也可以定义变量

    1. [webser]
    2. 192.168.200.147 pk_name=httpd
    3. 192.168.200.148 pk_name=vsftpd
    5. [webser:vars]
    6. hostname=webserver

    可以针对单台主机 或者主机组 进行变量设置

    主机变量优先级 高于 主机组组变量
    命令行变量优先级 高于 playbook中的变量
    playbook中的变量 高于 配置文件中变量

    剧本调用vars文件
    vars文件内容一下：

    1. ---
    2. pk_name: httpd
    1. ---
    2. - hosts: webser
    3.   remote_user: root
    4.   var_files:
    5.     - vars.yaml
    7.   tasks:
    8.     - name: install package
    9.       yum: name={{pk_name}}

    templates
    模板用于配置文件

    1. - hosts: nginxser
    2.   remote_user: root
    4.   tasks:
    5.     - name: install package
    6.       yum: name=nginx
    7.     - name: copy template
    8.       template: src=nginx.conf dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    9.       notiyf: restart nginx
    10.     - name: start nginx
    11.       service: name=nginx state=started enable=yes
    13.   handlers:
    14.     - name: restart nginx
    15.       service: name=nginx state=restart
    1. #nginx config
    2. #path templates/nginx.conf
    4. user nginx;
    5. worker_processes {{ ansible_processor_vcpus * 2 }}
    6. error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    8. http{
    9.   server{
    10.     listen {{ http_port }}
    11.   }
    12. }

    when
    条件判断

    1. ---
    2. - hosts: webser
    3.   remote_user: root
    5.   tasks:
    6.     - name: install package
    7.       yum: name=nginx
    8.     - name: copy template for centos7
    9.       template: src=ngin7.conf dest=/etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    10.       when: ansible_distribution_major_version == "7"
    11.     - name: copy template for centos6
    12.       template: src=nginx6.conf dest=/etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    13.       when: ansible_distribution_major_version == "6"
    14.     - name: start nginx
    15.       service: name=nginx state=started enable=yes

    with_items循环

    1. ---
    2. - hosts: webser
    3.   remote_user: root
    5.   tasks:
    6.     - name: create some files
    7.       file: name=/data/{{ item }} state= touch
    8.       with_items:
    9.        - file1
    10.        - file2
    11.        - file3
    12.     - name: install some packages
    13.       yum: name={{ item }}
    14.       with_items:
    15.         - httpd
    16.         - vsftpd
    17.         - hping3