4.openstack_train_Nova安装

一.控制器节点安装计算服务
2.安装和配置计算节点
- 2.1.安装软件包：
- 2.2.编辑文件并完成以下操作：/etc/nova/nova.conf
如果此命令返回值，则计算节点不支持硬件加速，必须配置为使用QEMU而不是KVM.
- 1.1.编辑文件并完成以下操作：/etc/nova/nova.conf
- 1.2.完成安装

一.控制器节点安装计算服务

环境准备

在安装和配置计算服务之前，必须创建数据库、服务凭据和 API 终结点。

1.1.创建数据库
使用数据库访问客户端以用户身份连接到数据库服务器：root
```
[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -pcom.123
```

创建数据库

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)

授予对数据库的适当访问权限：

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost'   IDENTIFIED BY 'com.123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%'           IDENTIFIED BY 'com.123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost'       IDENTIFIED BY 'com.123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%'               IDENTIFIED BY 'com.123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'com.123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%'         IDENTIFIED BY 'com.123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

1.2.源凭据以访问仅管理员 CLI 命令：admin

[root@controller ~]# . admin-openrc

1.3.创建计算服务凭据：

创建用户：nova

password=com.123

[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova
User Password: com.123
Repeat User Password: Ccom.123
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 7ba8fbe5960746d9948f6bd88202b460 |
| name                | nova                             |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

将角色添加到用户：admin nova

[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin

创建服务实体：nova

[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name nova  --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Compute                |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | bf917a74f31f42e58af012546372746f |
| name        | nova                             |
| type        | compute                          |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

1.4.创建计算 API 服务终结点：

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 99ce7668f8e546a3a941030d044adab9 |
| interface    | public                           |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | bf917a74f31f42e58af012546372746f |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1      |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 4ae20cc06fff4c59bedcac3aea341ece |
| interface    | internal                         |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | bf917a74f31f42e58af012546372746f |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1      |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 24807dba9f2842468c6c208b2405d9a1 |
| interface    | admin                            |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | bf917a74f31f42e58af012546372746f |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://controller:8774/v2.1      |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

2.安装和配置计算节点

2.1.安装软件包：

[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler -y

2.2.编辑文件并完成以下操作：/etc/nova/nova.conf

启用计算和元数据 API：[DEFAULT]
配置消息队列访问： [DEFAULT]
配置使用控制器节点的管理接口 IP 地址的选项： [DEFAULT]

启用对网络服务的支持：[DEFAULT]

[DEFAULT]
my_ip = 10.0.0.20
use_neutron = true
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:com.123@controller:5672/

配置数据库访问： [api_database][database]

[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:com.123@controller/nova_api
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:com.123@controller/nova

配置标识服务访问： [api][keystone_authtoken]

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = com.123

VNC 代理配置为使用控制器节点的管理接口 IP 地址： [vnc]

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

配置影像服务 API 的位置： [glance]

[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292

配置锁定路径： [oslo_concurrency]

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

配置对放置服务的访问： [placement]

[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = com.123

硬件加速[libvirt]
```
[root@controller ~]# egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
```
如果此命令返回值，则计算节点不支持硬件加速，必须配置为使用QEMU而不是KVM.
```
[libvirt]
virt_type = qemu
```
完整的配置文件 ``` [DEFAULT] my_ip = 10.0.0.20 use_neutron = true enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver transport_url = rabbit://openstack:com.123@controller:5672/

[api] auth_strategy = keystone [api_database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:com.123@controller/nova_api [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:com.123@controller/nova

[glance] api_servers = http://controller:9292

[keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/ auth_url = http://controller:5000/ memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = nova password = com.123

[libvirt] virt_type = qemu

[neutron] auth_url = http://controller:5000 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = com.123 service_metadata_proxy = true metadata_proxy_shared_secret = com.123

[oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement] region_name = RegionOne project_domain_name = Default project_name = service auth_type = password user_domain_name = Default auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 username = placement password = com.123

[vnc] enabled = true server_listen = $my_ip server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

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### 2.3.填充数据库：nova-api

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage api_db sync” nova

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### 2.4.注册数据库：cell0

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0” nova

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### 2.5.创建单元格：cell1

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell —name=cell1 —verbose” nova 5ec5347e-91bf-4a00-a015-33de33418bb3

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### 2.6.填充新的数据库：

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage db sync” nova

[root@controller openstack]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage db sync” nova /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u’Duplicate index block_device_mapping_instance_uuid_virtual_name_device_name_idx. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release’) result = self._query(query) /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u’Duplicate index uniq_instances0uuid. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release’) result = self._query(query) [root@controller openstack]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage db sync” nova

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### 2.7.验证cell0和cell1 是否正确注册：

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### 2.8.完成安装

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable \

openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start \ openstack-nova-api.service \ openstack-nova-scheduler.service \ openstack-nova-conductor.service \ openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
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## 二. 计算机节点安装计算服务
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## 1.安装和配置组件
[root@computer ~]# yum install openstack-nova-compute -y ```

1.1.编辑文件并完成以下操作：/etc/nova/nova.conf

启用计算和元数据 API：[DEFAULT]
配置消息队列访问：[DEFAULT]
配置选项：[DEFAULT]

启用对网络服务的支持：[DEFAULT]

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:com.123@controller
my_ip = 10.0.0.21
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

配置标识服务访问：[api][keystone_authtoken]

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = com.123

启用和配置远程控制台访问：[vnc]

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = 0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

配置影像服务 API 的位置：[glance]

[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292

配置锁定路径：[oslo_concurrency]

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

配置放置 API：[placement]

[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = com.123

1.2.完成安装

确定计算节点是否支持虚拟机的硬件加速：
如果此命令返回的值为，则计算节点支持硬件加速，这通常不需要额外配置。一个或多个
如果此命令返回值，则计算节点不支持硬件加速，必须配置为使用QEMU而不是KVM.zerolibvirt
```
[root@computer ~]# egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
4
```
编辑文件中的部分，如下所示：[libvirt]/etc/nova/nova.conf
```
[libvirt]
virt_type = qemu
```

启动计算服务（包括其依赖项），并将其配置为在系统启动时自动启动：

[root@computer ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
[root@computer ~]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

完整的配置文件 ``` [root@computer ~]# grep -v ‘^#’ /etc/nova/nova.conf | grep -v ‘^$’ [DEFAULT] enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata transport_url = rabbit://openstack:com.123@controller my_ip = 10.0.0.21 use_neutron = true firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver vif_plugging_timeout = 0 vif_plugging_is_fatal = false

[api] auth_strategy = keystone [glance] api_servers = http://controller:9292

[libvirt] virt_type = qemu

[oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[vnc] enabled = true server_listen = 0.0.0.0 server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

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## 2. 将计算节点添加到单元数据库
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### 2.1.源管理凭据以启用仅管理员 CLI 命令，然后确认数据库中存在计算主机：

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### 2.2.发现计算主机：

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts —verbose” nova Found 2 cell mappings. Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts. Getting computes from cell ‘cell1’: 5ec5347e-91bf-4a00-a015-33de33418bb3 Found 0 unmapped computes in cell: 5ec5347e-91bf-4a00-a015-33de33418bb3

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## 3.注意
添加新计算节点时，必须在控制器节点上运行以注册这些新的计算节点。或者，您可以在 中设置适当的间隔：nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts/etc/nova/nova.conf

[scheduler] discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300

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## 4.验证操作

- [https://docs.openstack.org/nova/train/install/verify.html](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//docs.openstack.org/nova/train/install/verify.html)
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### 1.源凭据以访问仅管理员 CLI 命令：admin

[root@controller ~]# . admin-openrc

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### 2.列出服务组件，以验证每个流程的成功启动和注册：

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### 3.在标识服务中列出 API 终结点，以验证与标识服务的连接：

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### 4.在映像服务中列出映像以验证与影像服务的连接：

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### 5.检查单元格和放置 API 工作顺利，以及其他必要的先决条件已到位：