文件编码

编码转换流

字节流:针对二进制文件
字符流:针对文本文件,读写容易出现乱码的现象,在读写时,最好指定编码集为UTF-8

概述

编码转换流(InputStreamReader/OutputStreamWriter)主要进行编码的转换,用来解决字符流读写乱码的问题

使用的工具API

OutputStreamWriter :
OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out)把传入的字节流转成字符流
OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out ,String charsetName)把Unicode转成其他编码输出

InputStreamReader :
InputStreamReader(InputStream in) 把传入的字节流转成字符流
InputStreamReader(InputStream in,String charsetName)读取其他编码转成Unicode

常见字符编码表

示例代码

package cd.tedu.encoding;
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
/**
 * 编码转换测试
 */
public class TestEncode {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //f1();
        f2();
    }
    private static void f1() {
        OutputStreamWriter out = null;
        try {
            //out = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("1.txt"),"gbk");
            //out = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("1.txt"), StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
            out = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("1.txt"), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            out.write("一拳超人&鬼灭之刃");
            System.out.println("成功");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    out.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    private static void f2() {
        InputStreamReader in = null;
        try {
            //in = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("1.txt"));
            //in = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("1.txt"),"gbk");
            //in = new InputStreamReader(new                                                                                                FileInputStream("1.txt"), StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
            in = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("1.txt"), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            //System.out.println(in.read());
            char[] ch = new char[8192];
            int len = in.read(ch);
            System.out.println(new String(ch,0,len));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                in.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}