容器命令

容器命令

新建容器并启动

docker run [可选参数] image

参数说明
—name=”Nmae” 容器名字
-d 后台方式运行，
-it 使用交互方式运行，进入容器查看内容
-p 指定容器的端口 -p 8080:8080
-p ip:主机端口:容器端口
-p 主机端口：容器端口 （常用）
-p 容器端口
-P 随机指定端口

测试 启动并进入容器
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@bbb6707df7bf /]

从容器中退回主机
exit

列出运行的容器

docker ps命令
-a # 列出当前正在运行的容器+带出历史运行过的容器
-n=? #显示最近的创建容器
-q # 只显示容器的编号
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS

[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
bbb6707df7bf centos “/bin/bash” 3 minutes ago Exited (127) About a minute ago wonderful_wiles
0b3fcc749f19 centos “/bin/bash” 3 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 minutes ago lucid_swanson
5e5805310e01 hello-world “/hello” 23 hours ago Exited (0) 23 hours ago suspicious_shirley
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]#

退出容器

exit #直接容器停止推出
Ctrl+P+Q #容器不停止推出

删除容器

docker rm 容器id # 删除指定的容器，不能删除正在运行的容器，如果要强制删除 rm -f
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) # 删除所有的容器
docker ps -aq|xargs docker rm # 删除所有的容器

启动和停止容器的操作

docker start 容器id # 启动容器
docker restart 容器id # 重启容器
docker stop 容器id # 停止当前正在运行的容器
docker kill 容器id # 强制停止当前容器

常用其他命令

后台启动容器

命令 docker run -d 镜像名
root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker run -d centos

问题docker ps，发现centos停止了

常见的坑，docker容器使用后台运行，就必须有要一个前台进程，docker发现没有应用，就会自动停止
# nginx，容器启动后，发现自己没有提供服务，就会立刻停止，

查看日志

docker logs -f -t —tail 容器，没有日志

自己编写一段shell脚本
root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c “while true;do echo songjun;sleep 1;done”

[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE
fe800e0eda35 centos

显示日志
-tf # 显示日志
—tail number #要显示日志的条说
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker logs -tf —tail 10 fe800e0eda35

查看容器中的进程消信息

top 命令
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker top fe800e0eda35
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 17825 17808 0 19:47 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c while true;do echo songjun;sleep 1;done
root 18458 17825 0 19:51 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils —coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]#

查看镜像的元数据

命令 docker inspect 容器id

测试
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker inspect fe800e0eda35
[
{
“Id”: “fe800e0eda3573ef5405faec6ab9fb3aeec50a6ccd116dbdf7601442ee7866ca”,
“Created”: “2020-11-04T11:47:11.686470143Z”,
“Path”: “/bin/sh”,
“Args”: [
“-c”,
“while true;do echo songjun;sleep 1;done”
],
“State”: {
“Status”: “running”,
“Running”: true,
“Paused”: false,
“Restarting”: false,
“OOMKilled”: false,
“Dead”: false,
“Pid”: 17825,
“ExitCode”: 0,
“Error”: “”,
“StartedAt”: “2020-11-04T11:47:12.011120305Z”,
“FinishedAt”: “0001-01-01T00:00:00Z”
},
“Image”: “sha256:0d120b6ccaa8c5e149176798b3501d4dd1885f961922497cd0abef155c869566”,
“ResolvConfPath”: “/var/lib/docker/containers/fe800e0eda3573ef5405faec6ab9fb3aeec50a6ccd116dbdf7601442ee7866ca/resolv.conf”,
“HostnamePath”: “/var/lib/docker/containers/fe800e0eda3573ef5405faec6ab9fb3aeec50a6ccd116dbdf7601442ee7866ca/hostname”,
“HostsPath”: “/var/lib/docker/containers/fe800e0eda3573ef5405faec6ab9fb3aeec50a6ccd116dbdf7601442ee7866ca/hosts”,
“LogPath”: “/var/lib/docker/containers/fe800e0eda3573ef5405faec6ab9fb3aeec50a6ccd116dbdf7601442ee7866ca/fe800e0eda3573ef5405faec6ab9fb3aeec50a6ccd116dbdf7601442ee7866ca-json.log”,
“Name”: “/nostalgic_kowalevski”,
“RestartCount”: 0,
“Driver”: “overlay2”,
“Platform”: “linux”,
“MountLabel”: “”,
“ProcessLabel”: “”,
“AppArmorProfile”: “”,
“ExecIDs”: null,
“HostConfig”: {
“Binds”: null,
“ContainerIDFile”: “”,
“LogConfig”: {
“Type”: “json-file”,
“Config”: {}
},
“NetworkMode”: “default”,
“PortBindings”: {},
“RestartPolicy”: {
“Name”: “no”,
“MaximumRetryCount”: 0
},
“AutoRemove”: false,
“VolumeDriver”: “”,
“VolumesFrom”: null,
“CapAdd”: null,
“CapDrop”: null,
“Capabilities”: null,
“Dns”: [],
“DnsOptions”: [],
“DnsSearch”: [],
“ExtraHosts”: null,
“GroupAdd”: null,
“IpcMode”: “private”,
“Cgroup”: “”,
“Links”: null,
“OomScoreAdj”: 0,
“PidMode”: “”,
“Privileged”: false,
“PublishAllPorts”: false,
“ReadonlyRootfs”: false,
“SecurityOpt”: null,
“UTSMode”: “”,
“UsernsMode”: “”,
“ShmSize”: 67108864,
“Runtime”: “runc”,
“ConsoleSize”: [
0,
0
],
“Isolation”: “”,
“CpuShares”: 0,
“Memory”: 0,
“NanoCpus”: 0,
“CgroupParent”: “”,
“BlkioWeight”: 0,
“BlkioWeightDevice”: [],
“BlkioDeviceReadBps”: null,
“BlkioDeviceWriteBps”: null,
“BlkioDeviceReadIOps”: null,
“BlkioDeviceWriteIOps”: null,
“CpuPeriod”: 0,
“CpuQuota”: 0,
“CpuRealtimePeriod”: 0,
“CpuRealtimeRuntime”: 0,
“CpusetCpus”: “”,
“CpusetMems”: “”,
“Devices”: [],
“DeviceCgroupRules”: null,
“DeviceRequests”: null,
“KernelMemory”: 0,
“KernelMemoryTCP”: 0,
“MemoryReservation”: 0,
“MemorySwap”: 0,
“MemorySwappiness”: null,
“OomKillDisable”: false,
“PidsLimit”: null,
“Ulimits”: null,
“CpuCount”: 0,
“CpuPercent”: 0,
“IOMaximumIOps”: 0,
“IOMaximumBandwidth”: 0,
“MaskedPaths”: [
“/proc/asound”,
“/proc/acpi”,
“/proc/kcore”,
“/proc/keys”,
“/proc/latency_stats”,
“/proc/timer_list”,
“/proc/timer_stats”,
“/proc/sched_debug”,
“/proc/scsi”,
“/sys/firmware”
],
“ReadonlyPaths”: [
“/proc/bus”,
“/proc/fs”,
“/proc/irq”,
“/proc/sys”,
“/proc/sysrq-trigger”
]
},
“GraphDriver”: {
“Data”: {
“LowerDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/46884b50a13b2f313f1baec9a7bdeefaa5b781bff455caf493905a9a2852602a-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/05740a349713c3c8272f53f9325b145a8711a74a78310a0552f6845643e0fe91/diff”,
“MergedDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/46884b50a13b2f313f1baec9a7bdeefaa5b781bff455caf493905a9a2852602a/merged”,
“UpperDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/46884b50a13b2f313f1baec9a7bdeefaa5b781bff455caf493905a9a2852602a/diff”,
“WorkDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/46884b50a13b2f313f1baec9a7bdeefaa5b781bff455caf493905a9a2852602a/work”
},
“Name”: “overlay2”
},
“Mounts”: [],
“Config”: {
“Hostname”: “fe800e0eda35”,
“Domainname”: “”,
“User”: “”,
“AttachStdin”: false,
“AttachStdout”: false,
“AttachStderr”: false,
“Tty”: false,
“OpenStdin”: false,
“StdinOnce”: false,
“Env”: [
“PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin”
],
“Cmd”: [
“/bin/sh”,
“-c”,
“while true;do echo songjun;sleep 1;done”
],
“Image”: “centos”,
“Volumes”: null,
“WorkingDir”: “”,
“Entrypoint”: null,
“OnBuild”: null,
“Labels”: {
“org.label-schema.build-date”: “20200809”,
“org.label-schema.license”: “GPLv2”,
“org.label-schema.name”: “CentOS Base Image”,
“org.label-schema.schema-version”: “1.0”,
“org.label-schema.vendor”: “CentOS”
}
},
“NetworkSettings”: {
“Bridge”: “”,
“SandboxID”: “1d9086476a3dfb54a2f6dba86fdf5eef691a09557da0d850e40a565bacc7d5a2”,
“HairpinMode”: false,
“LinkLocalIPv6Address”: “”,
“LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen”: 0,
“Ports”: {},
“SandboxKey”: “/var/run/docker/netns/1d9086476a3d”,
“SecondaryIPAddresses”: null,
“SecondaryIPv6Addresses”: null,
“EndpointID”: “eb054bb6e250e02c9ab2ac022e99f34479920e92088b6c54653331bf0cd78f06”,
“Gateway”: “172.17.0.1”,
“GlobalIPv6Address”: “”,
“GlobalIPv6PrefixLen”: 0,
“IPAddress”: “172.17.0.2”,
“IPPrefixLen”: 16,
“IPv6Gateway”: “”,
“MacAddress”: “02:42:ac:11:00:02”,
“Networks”: {
“bridge”: {
“IPAMConfig”: null,
“Links”: null,
“Aliases”: null,
“NetworkID”: “ce6a01d6afda8d1ce39e2977236f06b04e0e9aaf9fa2bd8fc212402d5114989c”,
“EndpointID”: “eb054bb6e250e02c9ab2ac022e99f34479920e92088b6c54653331bf0cd78f06”,
“Gateway”: “172.17.0.1”,
“IPAddress”: “172.17.0.2”,
“IPPrefixLen”: 16,
“IPv6Gateway”: “”,
“GlobalIPv6Address”: “”,
“GlobalIPv6PrefixLen”: 0,
“MacAddress”: “02:42:ac:11:00:02”,
“DriverOpts”: null
}
}
}
}
]
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]

进入当前运行的容器

我们通常容器都是使用后台方式运行的，需要进入容器，修改一些配置

命令
docker exec -it 容器id bashShell

测试
[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ /]# docker exec -it fe800e0eda35 /bin/bash
[root@fe800e0eda35 /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@fe800e0eda35 /]

方式二
docker attach 容器id
正在执行当前的代码…

docker exec #进入容器后开启一个新的终端
# docker attac #进入容器正在执行的终端，不会启动新的进程

从容器内拷贝文件到主机上

docker cp 容器id

[root@iZbp10cl07degikl645xkmZ ~]# docker cp dec7c2a38a19:/home/sj.java /home