使用mysqld_multi创建多实例

参数文件基于：https://imysql.com/my-cnf-wizard.html生成，生产环境请根据实际环境配置
cat my.cnf
[mysql]
#用户名@主机名 时间 [数据库]
prompt="\u@mysql01 \R:\m:\s [\d]> "
no-auto-rehash
# 官方文档中写的password，但是存在bug，需要改成pass(v5.7.9)
# 写成password，start时正常，stop时，报如下错误
# Access denied for user 'multi_admin'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
# 配置上mysqld_safe守护进程
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = multi_admin
pass = 123
log = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log
# mysqld后面的数字为GNR, 是该实例的标识
# mysqld_multi  start 1,  mysqld_multi start 2-4
[mysqld1]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
server-id = 11
port = 3306
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
user = mysql
performance_schema = off
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
skip_name_resolve = 1
pid-file = /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/mysql.pid1
datadir = /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/
socket  = /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/mysql01.pid
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/error.log
log-bin = /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/mybinlog
[mysqld2]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
server-id = 12
port = 3307
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
user = mysql
performance_schema = off
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
skip_name_resolve = 1
pid-file = /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/mysql.pid2
datadir = /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/
socket  = /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/mysql02.pid
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/error.log
log-bin = /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/mybinlog
# 定义不同版本
# [mysqld3]
# server-id = 33
# datadir = /data3
# basedir = /usr/local/mysql56  # basedir定义了使用5.6的mysql版本,如果有此标签，上面5.7也要有basedir参数，否则默认会以5.6启动
# port = 3309
# socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3
# plugin_dir=/usr/local/mysql56/lib/plugin  # plugin 目录也变了
[mysqld]
#user    = mysql
#port    = 3306
basedir    = /usr/local/mysql
#datadir    = /data/mysql5_7_23/
#socket    = /data/mysql5_7_23/mysql.sock
pid-file = mysql01.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
#skip_name_resolve = 1
open_files_limit    = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
table_open_cache_instances = 64
thread_stack = 512K
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 768
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
slow_query_log = 1
#slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql5_7_23/slow.log
#log-error = /data/mysql5_7_23/error.log
long_query_time = 0.1
log_queries_not_using_indexes =1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
#server-id = 3306
#log-bin = /data/mysql5_7_23/mybinlog
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
expire_logs_days = 3
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
log_slave_updates
slave-rows-search-algorithms = 'INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN'
binlog_format = row
binlog_checksum = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log-purge = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_sync_spin_loops = 100
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 30
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
innodb_undo_directory = undolog
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 95
# 根据您的服务器IOPS能力适当调整
# 一般配普通SSD盘的话，可以调整到 10000 - 20000
# 配置高端PCIe SSD卡的话，则可以调整的更高，比如 50000 - 80000
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_flush_neighbors = 0
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0
# some var for MySQL 5.7
innodb_checksums = 1
#innodb_file_format = Barracuda
#innodb_file_format_max = Barracuda
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
innodb_undo_logs = 128
innodb_status_file = 1
# 注意: 开启 innodb_status_output & innodb_status_output_locks 后, 可能会导致log-error文件增长较快
innodb_status_output = 0
innodb_status_output_locks = 0
#performance_schema
#performance_schema = 1
performance_schema_instrument = '%=on'
#innodb monitor
innodb_monitor_enable="module_innodb"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_server"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_dml"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ddl"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_trx"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_os"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_purge"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_log"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_lock"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_index"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ibuf_system"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer_page"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_adaptive_hash"
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

初始化：
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql5_7_23/data1
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql5_7_23/data2
mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql5_7_23/data1/
mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql5_7_23/data2/

启动所有实例
mysqld_multi start
根据[mysql1]
单独启动实例
mysqld_multi start 1
或者
mysqld_multi start 1-2
查看实例状态
mysqld_multi report

多实例加入服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld_multid 
chkconfig mysqld_multid on

根据临时密码登录，修改密码，端口号不需要加
mysql -u root -S /data/mysql5_7_23/data1/mysql.sock -p -P3306

mysql -u root -S /data/mysql5_7_23/data2/mysql.sock -p -P3307

查看端口
netstat -tnlp | grep mysql

给管理用户授权
create user 'multi_admin'@'localhost' identified by '123';
grant shutdown on *.* to 'multi_admin'@'localhost';

 和[mysqld_multi]中的user，pass需要对应，这样才能使用mysqld_multi关闭数据库