1、 镜像命名
    一个完整的镜像命名：
    [DockerRegistry地址/][项目目录/]<名称>:[标签]
    示例：
    mysql:5.6
    ubuntu
    hub.docker.com/library/centos:6.6

    2、 获取镜像
    root@Userver01:~# docker pullubuntu:16.04
    16.04: Pulling fromlibrary/ubuntu
    7b8b6451c85f: Already exists
    ab4d1096d9ba: Already exists
    e6797d1788ac: Already exists
    e25c5c290bde: Already exists
    Digest:sha256:e547ecaba7d078800c358082088e6cc710c3affd1b975601792ec701c80cdd39
    Status: Downloaded newer imagefor ubuntu:16.04

    3、 查看镜像信息
    root@Userver01:~# docker imagels
    REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
    ubuntu 16.04 a51debf7e1eb 7 days ago 116MB
    nginx 1.15 e81eb098537d 10 days ago 109MB
    httpd latest 2a51bb06dc8b 11 days ago 132MB
    centos 6.6 4e1ad2ce7f78 6 weeks ago 203MB
    root@Userver01:~# dockerinspect a51
    [
    {
    “Id”:”sha256:a51debf7e1eb2018400cef1e4b01f2e9f591f6c739de7b5d6c142f954f3715a7”,
    “RepoTags”: [
    “ubuntu:16.04”
    ],
    “RepoDigests”: [
    “ubuntu@sha256:e547ecaba7d078800c358082088e6cc710c3affd1b975601792ec701c80cdd39”
    ],
    “Parent”: “”,
    “Comment”: “”,
    “Created”:”2018-11-19T21:23:53.455319926Z”,
    “Container”:”f4879d05f303ba132b6cc82988306e44819b9d0872dc891d864374d3a9b51b08”,
    “ContainerConfig”: {
    “Hostname”:”f4879d05f303”,
    “Domainname”:””,
    “User”: “”,
    “AttachStdin”: false,
    “AttachStdout”: false,
    “AttachStderr”: false,
    “Tty”: false,
    “OpenStdin”: false,
    “StdinOnce”: false,
    “Env”: [
    “PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin”
    ],
    “Cmd”: [
    “/bin/sh”,
    “-c”,
    “#(nop) “,
    “CMD[\”/bin/bash\”]”
    ],
    “ArgsEscaped”: true,
    “Image”:”sha256:d6ab6854552cda39995558786e1690e20092af93f8145294473ac62fd76c9b1b”,
    “Volumes”: null,
    “WorkingDir”:””,
    “Entrypoint”: null,
    “OnBuild”: null,
    “Labels”: {}
    },
    “DockerVersion”:”17.06.2-ce”,
    “Author”: “”,
    “Config”: {
    “Hostname”: “”,
    “Domainname”:””,
    “User”: “”,
    “AttachStdin”: false,
    “AttachStdout”: false,
    “AttachStderr”: false,
    “Tty”: false,
    “OpenStdin”: false,
    “StdinOnce”: false,
    “Env”: [
    “PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin”
    ],
    “Cmd”: [
    “/bin/bash”
    ],
    “ArgsEscaped”: true,
    “Image”:”sha256:d6ab6854552cda39995558786e1690e20092af93f8145294473ac62fd76c9b1b”,
    “Volumes”: null,
    “WorkingDir”:””,
    “Entrypoint”: null,
    “OnBuild”: null,
    “Labels”: null
    },
    “Architecture”:”amd64”,
    “Os”: “linux”,
    “Size”: 116379573,
    “VirtualSize”: 116379573,
    “GraphDriver”: {
    “Data”: {
    “LowerDir”:”/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d24cfbca95c7fb4a2653aed1fef5e854164d5e452ec1ca1f08d256a841ec9cbe/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1bc9dd6a582662525ae316dca49703acbcc8087c0549354c622cd0c4eb7095de/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/402ffcd593a76628eb8f3b6dd843b195396729227e55c51c896089ca668770ef/diff”,
    “MergedDir”:”/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6f5f819b34a36a3cd93e84d2a12a86a3e61f5663a7401ae73cd308211cc3329f/merged”,
    “UpperDir”:”/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6f5f819b34a36a3cd93e84d2a12a86a3e61f5663a7401ae73cd308211cc3329f/diff”,
    “WorkDir”:”/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6f5f819b34a36a3cd93e84d2a12a86a3e61f5663a7401ae73cd308211cc3329f/work”
    },
    “Name”:”overlay2”
    },
    “RootFS”: {
    “Type”:”layers”,
    “Layers”: [
    “sha256:41c002c8a6fd36397892dc6dc36813aaa1be3298be4de93e4fe1f40b9c358d99”,
    “sha256:647265b9d8bc572a858ab25a300c07c0567c9124390fd91935430bf947ee5c2a”,
    “sha256:819a824caf709f224c414a56a2fa0240ea15797ee180e73abe4ad63d3806cae5”,
    “sha256:3db5746c911ad8c3398a6b72aa30580b25b6edb130a148beed4d405d9c345a29”
    ]
    },
    “Metadata”: {
    “LastTagTime”:”0001-01-01T00:00:00Z”
    }
    }
    ]

    4、 为镜像创建tag
    root@Userver01:~# docker tagubuntu:16.04 dl.dockerpool.com/library/ubuntu:16.04v1
    root@Userver01:~# docker imagels
    REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
    dl.dockerpool.com/library/ubuntu 16.04v1 a51debf7e1eb 7 days ago 116MB
    ubuntu 16.04 a51debf7e1eb 7 days ago 116MB
    nginx 1.15 e81eb098537d 10 days ago 109MB
    httpd latest 2a51bb06dc8b 11 days ago 132MB
    centos 6.6 4e1ad2ce7f78 6 weeks ago 203MB

    5、 搜索镜像
    root@Userver01:~# dockersearch mysql
    NAMEDESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
    mysqlMySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 7407 [OK]
    mariadbMariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS… 2376 [OK]
    mysql/mysql-server OptimizedMySQL Server Docker images. Create…552[OK]
    zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql Zabbix Server with MySQL databasesupport 145 [OK]
    hypriot/rpi-mysqlRPi-compatible Docker Image with Mysql 102
    zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql Zabbix frontend basedon Nginx web-server wi… 77 [OK]
    centurylink/mysql Imagecontaining mysql. Optimized to be link…59 [OK]
    1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 47 [OK]

    6、 删除镜像（注：如果镜像有容器生成，需要先删除容器）
    #如果一个镜像有多个tag，只会删除指定的tag，镜像本身不会删除，如果docker rmi后指定镜像ID，则所有tag都会被删除
    root@Userver01:~# docker rmidl.dockerpool.com/library/ubuntu:16.04v1
    Untagged:dl.dockerpool.com/library/ubuntu:16.04v1
    root@Userver01:~# docker imagels
    REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
    ubuntu 16.04 a51debf7e1eb 7 days ago 116MB
    nginx 1.15 e81eb098537d 10 days ago 109MB
    httpd latest 2a51bb06dc8b 11 days ago 132MB
    centos 6.6 4e1ad2ce7f78 6 weeks ago 203MB
    root@Userver01:~# docker rmiubuntu:16.04
    Error response from daemon:conflict: unable to remove repository reference “ubuntu:16.04” (mustforce) - container 4683e7b221b7 is using itsreferenced image a51debf7e1eb
    root@Userver01:~# docker rmiubuntu:16.04 -f
    Untagged: ubuntu:16.04
    Untagged:ubuntu@sha256:e547ecaba7d078800c358082088e6cc710c3affd1b975601792ec701c80cdd39
    Deleted:sha256:a51debf7e1eb2018400cef1e4b01f2e9f591f6c739de7b5d6c142f954f3715a7
    root@Userver01:~# docker ps -a
    CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
    a5a204b817cc a51debf7e1eb “/bin/bash” About an hour ago Exited (0) About an hour ago gifted_tereshkova
    4683e7b221b7 a51debf7e1eb “/bin/echo ‘hello wo…” About an hour ago Exited (0) About an hour ago pedantic_swirles
    b911f2812e51 httpd”httpd-foreground”About an hour ago Up About anhour0.0.0.0:80->80/tcpmodest_vaughan
    root@Userver01:~# docker imagels
    REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
    nginx 1.15 e81eb098537d 10 days ago 109MB
    httpd latest 2a51bb06dc8b 11 days ago 132MB
    centos 6.6 4e1ad2ce7f78 6 weeks ago 203MB

    # 删除无标签镜像（即为none）
    root@Userver01:~# docker rmi$(docker images -q —filter “dangling=true”)

    7、 导出和载入镜像
    root@Userver01:~# docker save-o ubuntu_16.04.tar ubuntu:16.04
    root@Userver01:~# docker rmiubuntu:16.04 -f
    Untagged: ubuntu:16.04
    Deleted:sha256:a51debf7e1eb2018400cef1e4b01f2e9f591f6c739de7b5d6c142f954f3715a7
    root@Userver01:~# docker load—input ubuntu_16.04.tar
    Loaded image: ubuntu:16.04

    8、 通过docker commit提交一个新镜像
    docker commit -m “change httpd.conf file” -a “john” b911f2812e51 test #使用b911f2812e51容器生成一个名为test的镜像
    -a：指定作者
    -m：相关说明信息
    -p：提交时暂停容器运行