安装Maven

　　1. 登录 http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
　　2. 下载 maven 压缩包
springboot项目打包 - 图1
　　3. 解压apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.tar.gz 到一个目录(我这里是MAC，解压到“/Users/shongbing/Applications/apache-maven-3.6.0”)
　　4. 配置环境变量（MAC环境变量）
　　　　cd ~
　　　　vim .bash_profile
　　　　　　在最后增加两行：
　　　　　　export MAVEN_HOME=/Users/shongbing/Applications/apache-maven-3.6.0
　　　　　　export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
　　　　source .bash_profile
　　5. 测试是否安装成功
　　　　mvn -v

Maven打包命令介绍

　　mvn clean package 依次执行了clean、resources、compile、testResources、testCompile、test、jar(打包)等７个阶段；
　　mvn clean install 依次执行了clean、resources、compile、testResources、testCompile、test、jar(打包)、install等8个阶段；
　　mvn clean deploy 依次执行了clean、resources、compile、testResources、testCompile、test、jar(打包)、install、deploy等９个阶段。
　　由上面的分析可知主要区别如下:
　　　　package命令完成了项目编译、单元测试、打包功能，但没有把打好的可执行jar包（war包或其它形式的包）布署到本地maven仓库和远程maven私服仓库；
　　　　install命令完成了项目编译、单元测试、打包功能，同时把打好的可执行jar包（war包或其它形式的包）布署到本地maven仓库，但没有布署到远程maven私服仓库；
　　　　deploy命令完成了项目编译、单元测试、打包功能，同时把打好的可执行jar包（war包或其它形式的包）布署到本地maven仓库和远程maven私服仓库。　　

配置mainClass

需要在pom.xml中增加configruation配置mainClass
springboot项目打包 - 图2



org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin

com.vmware.firstappdemo.FirstAppDemoApplication




springboot项目打包 - 图3

第一种：打包为JAR

1. 打开命令行进入项目根目录，运行命令：mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -U clean package

springboot项目打包 - 图4
shongbing-a01:~ shongbing$ cd Downloads/first-app-demo
shongbing-a01:first-app-demo shongbing$ mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -**U clean package
[INFO] Scanning for projects…
[INFO]
[INFO] ——————————-< com.vmware:first-app-demo >———————————
[INFO] Building first-app-demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ————————————————[ jar ]————————————————-
[INFO]
[INFO] —- maven-clean-plugin:3.1.0:clean (default-clean) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO]
[INFO] —- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:resources (default-resources) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO] Using ‘UTF-8’ encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] —- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:compile (default-compile) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target/classes
[INFO]
[INFO] —- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO] Not copying test resources
[INFO]
[INFO] —- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO] Not compiling test sources
[INFO]
[INFO] —- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.1:test (default-test) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] —- maven-jar-plugin:3.1.1:jar (default-jar) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO] Building jar: /Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target/first-app-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] —- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.1.2.RELEASE:repackage (repackage) @ first-app-demo —-
[INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive
[INFO] ————————————————————————————————————
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ————————————————————————————————————
[INFO] Total time: 3.278 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-01-13T14:18:25+08:00
[INFO] ————————————————————————————————————
springboot项目打包 - 图5
2. 运行jar包测试， java -jar xxxx.jar
springboot项目打包 - 图6
shongbing-a01:first-app-demo shongbing$ cd target/
shongbing-a01:target shongbing$ java -jar first-app-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar**

. _
/\ / ‘ () \ \ \ \
( ( )__ | ‘ | ‘| | ‘ \/ ` | \ \ \ \
\/ )| |)| | | | | || (| | ) ) ) )
‘ |_| .|| ||| |\, | / / / /
=========||==============|__/=///_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.1.2.RELEASE)

2019-01-13 14:18:42.805 INFO 31960 —- [ main] c.v.f.FirstAppDemoApplication : Starting FirstAppDemoApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT on shongbing-a01.vmware.com with PID 31960 (/Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target/first-app-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar started by shongbing in /Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target)
2019-01-13 14:18:42.808 INFO 31960 —- [ main] c.v.f.FirstAppDemoApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-01-13 14:18:44.419 INFO 31960 —- [ main] o.s.b.web.embedded.netty.NettyWebServer : Netty started on port(s): 8080
2019-01-13 14:18:44.424 INFO 31960 —- [ main] c.v.f.FirstAppDemoApplication : Started FirstAppDemoApplication in 2.239 seconds (JVM running for 2.869)
springboot项目打包 - 图7

第二种：打包为WAR

  1. 在pom.xml的“modelVersion”后添加 war
    2. 在目录 src/main/ 中创建目录 webapp/WEB-INF，然后在WEB-INF中添加 web.xml（内容为空）
    3. 打开命令行进入项目根目录，运行命令：mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -U clean package
    springboot项目打包 - 图8
    shongbing-a01:first-app-demo shongbing$ mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -**U clean package
    [INFO] Scanning for projects…
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ——————————-< com.vmware:first-app-demo >———————————
    [INFO] Building first-app-demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ————————————————[ war ]————————————————-
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- maven-clean-plugin:3.1.0:clean (default-clean) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Deleting /Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:resources (default-resources) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Using ‘UTF-8’ encoding to copy filtered resources.
    [INFO] Copying 1 resource
    [INFO] Copying 0 resource
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:compile (default-compile) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [INFO] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target/classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Not copying test resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Not compiling test sources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.1:test (default-test) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Tests are skipped.
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- maven-war-plugin:3.2.2:war (default-war) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Packaging webapp
    [INFO] Assembling webapp [first-app-demo] in [/Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target/first-app-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
    [INFO] Processing war project
    [INFO] Copying webapp resources [/Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/src/main/webapp]
    [INFO] Webapp assembled in [173 msecs]
    [INFO] Building war: /Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target/first-app-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
    [INFO]
    [INFO] —- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.1.2.RELEASE:repackage (repackage) @ first-app-demo —-
    [INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive
    [INFO] ————————————————————————————————————
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ————————————————————————————————————
    [INFO] Total time: 3.981 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2019-01-13T14:54:28+08:00
    [INFO] ————————————————————————————————————
    springboot项目打包 - 图9
    4. 运行WAR包
    springboot项目打包 - 图10
    shongbing-a01:target shongbing$ java -jar first-app-demo-0.0.1-**SNAPSHOT.war

    . _
    /\ / ‘ () \ \ \ \
    ( ( )__     | ‘ | ‘| | ‘ \/ ` | \ \ \ \
    \/ )| |)| | | | | || (| | ) ) ) )
    ‘ |_    | .|| ||| |\, | / / / /
    =========||==============|__/=///_/
    :: Spring Boot :: (v2.1.2.RELEASE)

2019-01-13 14:56:17.380 INFO 33405 —- [ main] c.v.f.FirstAppDemoApplication : Starting FirstAppDemoApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT on shongbing-a01.vmware.com with PID 33405 (/Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target/first-app-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war started by shongbing in /Users/shongbing/Downloads/first-app-demo/target)
2019-01-13 14:56:17.386 INFO 33405 —- [ main] c.v.f.FirstAppDemoApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-01-13 14:56:19.401 INFO 33405 —- [ main] o.s.b.web.embedded.netty.NettyWebServer : Netty started on port(s): 8080
2019-01-13 14:56:19.409 INFO 33405 —- [ main] c.v.f.FirstAppDemoApplication : Started FirstAppDemoApplication in 2.594 seconds (JVM running for 3.183)

具体配置如下：

[root@iZ2zecn4n7x5qs4g2ua4bfZ springboot]# cat pom.xml

<?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance“
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd”>
4.0.0

  1. <parent><br />        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><br />        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><br />        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version><br />    </parent>
  3. <groupId>com.anji.captcha</groupId><br />    <artifactId>captcha-springboot</artifactId><br />    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  5. <name>captcha-springboot-demo</name><br />    <description>anji-plus captcha demo</description><br />    <url>https://github.com/anji-plus/captcha</url><br />    <packaging>jar</packaging>
  7. <properties><br />        <java.version>1.8</java.version><br />        <spring-boot-version>2.0.4.RELEASE</spring-boot-version><br />    </properties>
  9. <!-- Add typical dependencies for a web application --><br />    <dependencies><br />        <dependency><br />            <groupId>com.anji-plus</groupId><br />            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-captcha</artifactId><br />            <version>1.2.8</version><br />        </dependency>
  11.     <dependency><br />            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><br />            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId><br />        </dependency>
  13.     <dependency><br />            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><br />            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId><br />        </dependency>
  15.     <dependency><br />            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><br />            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><br />            <version>1.2.70</version><br />        </dependency>
  18.     <dependency><br />            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><br />            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><br />            <scope>test</scope><br />            <exclusions><br />                <exclusion><br />                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId><br />                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId><br />                </exclusion><br />            </exclusions><br />        </dependency>
  20. </dependencies>
  22. <build><br />        <plugins><br />            <plugin><br />                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><br />                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><br />            </plugin><br />        </plugins><br />    </build>