测试磁盘读写性能：

dd命令

  1. # 101服务器实测
  2. [root@localhost vendor]# dd bs=24k count=5000 if=/dev/zero of=test oflag=dsync
  3. 记录了5000+0 的读入
  4. 记录了5000+0 的写出
  5. 122880000字节(123 MB)已复制，146.335 秒，840 kB/秒
  1. #腾讯云最入门服务器实测
  2. [root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# dd bs=24k count=5000 if=/dev/zero of=test oflag=dsync
  3. 5000+0 records in
  4. 5000+0 records out
  5. 122880000 bytes (123 MB) copied, 32.389 s, 3.8 MB/s
  1. #阿里云入门服务器实测
  2. [root@iZm5eabdjz6t0fdix91heoZ ~]# dd bs=64k count=4k if=/dev/zero of=test oflag=dsync
  3. 4096+0 records in
  4. 4096+0 records out
  5. 268435456 bytes (268 MB) copied, 11.9519 s, 22.5 MB/s

time有计时作用，dd用于复制，从if读出，写到of。if=/dev/zero不产生IO，因此可以用来测试纯写速度。同理of=/dev/null不产生IO，可以用来测试纯读速度。bs是每次读或写的大小，即一个块的大小，count是读写块的数量。
这条命令每次读取24k后就要先把这24k写入磁盘，然后再读取下面这24k，一共重复5000次。没有用到写缓存。
这种方法可以模拟数据库的插入操作，所以很慢，也是用来测试vps硬盘性能标准的一条标杆，一般来说测试结果，

如果超过10M，对正常建站就无影响。超过50M，就是非常给力状态。

注意 if参数 读取文本 /dev/zero是系统存在的测试文件，只生产字节，不进行磁盘操作。测读的速度时，需要事先准备一个文本文件。

查看物理硬盘

  1. yum install smartmontools
  2. smartctl -a -d megaraid,0 /dev/sda
  3. smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-4.4.214-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64] (local build)
  4. Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
  6. === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
  7. Vendor:               TOSHIBA
  8. Product:              MG04SCA20ENY
  9. Revision:             EG03
  10. Compliance:           SPC-4
  11. User Capacity:        2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
  12. Logical block size:   512 bytes
  13. Formatted with type 2 protection
  14. 8 bytes of protection information per logical block
  15. Rotation Rate:        7200 rpm
  16. Form Factor:          3.5 inches
  17. Logical Unit id:      0x5000039958433f9d
  18. Serial number:        49E0A19GF75E
  19. Device type:          disk
  20. Transport protocol:   SAS (SPL-3)
  21. Local Time is:        Fri Aug 27 11:44:26 2021 CST
  22. SMART support is:     Available - device has SMART capability.
  23. SMART support is:     Enabled
  24. Temperature Warning:  Disabled or Not Supported
  26. === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
  27. SMART Health Status: OK
  29. Current Drive Temperature:     31 C
  30. Drive Trip Temperature:        65 C
  32. Manufactured in week 15 of year 2019
  33. Specified cycle count over device lifetime:  50000
  34. Accumulated start-stop cycles:  22
  35. Specified load-unload count over device lifetime:  600000
  36. Accumulated load-unload cycles:  54
  37. Elements in grown defect list: 0
  39. Error counter log:
  40.            Errors Corrected by           Total   Correction     Gigabytes    Total
  41.                ECC          rereads/    errors   algorithm      processed    uncorrected
  42.            fast | delayed   rewrites  corrected  invocations   [10^9 bytes]  errors
  43. read:          0        5         5         5          7     744977.409           0
  44. write:         0        0         0         0          0      12577.443           0
  45. verify:        0        0         0         0          0     150075.761           0
  47. Non-medium error count:       17
  49. SMART Self-test log
  50. Num  Test              Status                 segment  LifeTime  LBA_first_err [SK ASC ASQ]
  51.      Description                              number   (hours)
  52. # 1  Background long   Aborted (by user command)  80      11                 - [-   -    -]
  53. # 2  Background short  Completed                  80      10                 - [-   -    -]
  54. # 3  Reserved(7)       Completed                  64       3                 - [-   -    -]
  55. # 4  Background short  Completed                  80       1                 - [-   -    -]