4.3.1 xml节点的三种属性：名称，属性，文本

1.名称属性

# --------假设获取了根节点-------
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
# 下列是文本字符串
content = """
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year>2023</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />
    </country>
     <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year>2026</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />
    </country>
</data>
"""
# 直接从文本字符串，获取根节点
root = ET.XML(content)
# --------假设获取了根节点-------
print(root.tag) #data

2.名称的内部的属性

# --------假设获取了根节点-------
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
# 下列是文本字符串
content = """
<data name='123'>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year>2023</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />
    </country>
     <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year>2026</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />
    </country>
</data>
"""
# 直接从文本字符串，获取根节点
root = ET.XML(content)
# --------假设获取了根节点-------
print(root.attrib) #{'name':'123'}

3.名称的文本属性

# --------假设获取了根节点-------
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
# 下列是文本字符串
content = """
<data name='123'>123</data>
"""
# 直接从文本字符串，获取根节点
root = ET.XML(content)
# --------假设获取了根节点-------
print(root.text) #123