4.2 导入模块与获取xml根节点

一.导入ET模块

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

获取根节点，分为：从文件获取根节点和从文本获取根节点

二.从文件获取根节点

# 先导入模块
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
# 从文本路径获取文本对象
file = ET.parse(filepath)
# 文本对象获得根节点
root = file.getroot()

三.从文本获取根节点

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
# 下列是文本字符串
content = """
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year>2023</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />
    </country>
     <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year>2026</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />
    </country>
</data>
"""
# 直接从文本字符串，获取根节点
root = ET.XML(content)