第一部分

antarctic[æn’tɑ:ktɪk]

adj.[常作A-]南极的,南极地带的
例 Scientists are keen to track the fortunes of Antarctic plant life over 30 million years.
科学家热衷于追踪3000万年以来南极地区植物的生长情况的宝贵信息。
n.[常作the A-]南极地区
例 The protection of the Antarctic from commercial exploitation is an important goal of environmentalists.
保护南极地区不被商业开发是环保人士重要的工作目标。

appendix[ə’pendɪks]

n. ① 附录;附属品
例 This dictionary has an appendix which lists computer terms.
这本字典有一个列举计算机术语的附录。
②【解】阑尾
例 She had her appendix out last summer.
去年夏天,她做了阑尾切除手术。

applaud[ə’plɔ:d]

v.(向…)鼓掌喝彩,欢呼〈同 clap〉
例 The audience stood up and applauded at the end of the concert.
音乐会结束时,观众们起立鼓掌。
联 applause n. 鼓掌欢迎,欢呼;plausible adj. 似是而非的

application[ˌæplɪ’keɪʃən]

n. ① 申请
例 Application must be made early for the banquet.
宴会的邀请必须早点发出。
② 施用,运用;作用,影响〈同 employment, influence〉
例 Mathematics has applications in science.
数学在科学领域有所应用。
联 apply v. 申请,应用,适用

appraisal[ə’preɪzəl]

n. 评价;估价〈同 assessment〉
例 Fifty thousand dollars would be a fair appraisal of their new house.
给他们的新房估价5万美元是客观公正的。
联 appraise vt. 评价,鉴定;appraiser n. 评价者;apprise vt. 通知,报告

appreciable[ə’pri:ʃɪəbəl]

adj.(数量或变化等)很大的;值得重视的〈同 considerable〉
例 There has been an appreciable drop in the number of the unemployed since the new government came to power.
新政府执政以后,失业人员的数量有了明显下降。
联 appreciate v. 赏识,感激,涨价;depreciate v. 降低,贬值;perceptible adj. 可感觉到的

apprehension[ˌæprɪ’henʃən]

n. 担心,害怕;理解〈同 worry, understand〉
例 The English test caused me a lot of apprehension because I did not study hard for it.
因为我没有努力学习,英语测试让我感到很恐惧。
联 apprehend v. 逮捕,忧虑,理解;comprehend vt. 理解,包含;reprehend vt. 责备

apt[æpt]

adj. ① 恰当的,贴切的〈同 appropriate〉
例 His apt reply to the question showed that he had understood it very well.
他对这个问题做出的恰当的回答表明他已经理解得很好了。
② 易于…的〈同 likely〉
例 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.
粗心的人容易犯错误。
联 aptly adv. 恰当地,得体地

arc[ɑ:k]

n. 弧;弓形
例 The crowd watched as the ball rose in a high arc and fell behind the boundary line.
观众们看着球划了一条高弧线,然后落在了边界线之外。
联 arch n. 拱门;arcade n. 拱廊

arctic[’ɑ:ktɪk]

adj.[常作A-]北极的,北极区的
例 The Arctic Circle is an imaginary line drawn at approximately 66.5 degrees North.
北极圈是在北纬66.5度附近划的一个假想的圈。

第二部分

arrange[ə’reɪnʤ]

vt. ① 计划,准备〈同 plan, schedule〉
例 I’m trying to arrange my work so that I can have a couple of days off next week.
我尽量安排好工作,好在下周请几天假。
② 整理,摆放〈同 organize, order〉
例 Every morning, Janet arranged the papers on her desk and then began work.
每天早上,珍妮特都要整理好桌上的文件,然后开始工作。
联 arrangement n. 排列,安排

array[ə’reɪ]

n. 展示,陈列;一批,一系列〈同 collection〉
例 The designer displayed an array of new fashions.
设计师展示了一系列新的流行服饰。

articulate[ɑ:’tɪkjʊleɪt]

vt. 清楚地讲话,清晰地发音〈同 enunciate〉
例 People learning a foreign language often have difficulty in articulating certain sounds.
人们在学习一门外语的时候,经常在发某些音时比较困难。

articulate[ɑ:’tɪkjələt]

adj. 善于言辞的,表达清晰的〈同 clear〉
例 At the age of 93, he was still sharp-witted and articulate.
他93岁了,仍然思维敏捷,表达清晰。
联 speculate v. 思索,投机;gesticulate v. 用手势示意

ascend[ə’send]

v.(渐渐)上升,升高;攀登〈同 climb〉
例 They slowly ascended the steep mountain.
他们慢慢地爬上了这座陡峭的山。
联 ascent n. 攀登,上升;ascendancy n. 优势,支配(或统治)地位;descend v. 下降;condescend vi. 屈尊,俯就;transcend vt. 超越

ascertain[ˌæsə’teɪn]

vt. 查明;确定〈同 confirm〉
例 I ascertained that no one could overhear us before I told Bob the news.
我确定没有人偷听我们讲话,然后才把这个消息告诉鲍勃。
联 certain adj. 确定的,无疑的

ascribe[ə’skraɪb]

vt. 把…归于(to)〈同 attribute〉
例 John ascribed his success to hard work.
约翰把他的成功归功于努力工作。

aspect[’æspekt]

n. ①(问题等的)方面;(事物的)一部分〈同 respect〉
例 The one aspect of the case that puzzled me was why he had committed the crime.
这个案子让我感到困惑的一点是,他为什么要犯罪。
② 观点,角度〈同 perspective, viewpoint〉
例 From the cost aspect, the product is not expensive.
从成本角度来看,这个产品不贵。

assault[ə’sɔ:lt]

n.(武力)袭击;(语言)攻击〈同 attack〉
例 The man was charged with sexual assault.
这个男人被指控性侵犯。

assert[ə’sɜ:t]

vt. 声称,坚持〈同 emphatically state〉
例 The lawyer asserts that his client is not guilty.
律师坚称他的委托人无罪。
联 assertion n. 主张,断言,声明

assignment[ə’saɪnmənt]

n. ① 任务,作业〈同 task, job〉
例 I have a lot of reading assignments to complete before the end of the term.
我有许多阅读作业要在期末前完成。
② 分配;(财产、权力等)转让〈同 distribution, appointment〉
例 The assignment of the property will take place tomorrow.
产权转让将在明天进行。

第三部分

assimilate[ə’sɪmɪleɪt]

vt. ① 学习,吸收(知识)〈同 understand〉
例 You’ll need to assimilate all Einstein’s work before doing this research.
在进行这项研究之前,你需要学习一下爱因斯坦所有的研究成果。
② 吃,吸收(食物或营养)〈同 absorb〉
例 People assimilate nutrients from food.
人们从食物中吸收营养。

astonish[ə’stɒnɪʃ]

vt. 使惊讶〈同 surprise, shock〉
例 I was astonished by the news of the divorce—they seemed so happy together.
我听到他们离婚的消息时感到很震惊——他们在一起看起来很幸福。
联 astonished adj.(人)惊讶的;astonishing adj.(某事或物)惊人的

astronomy[ə’strɒnəmi]

n. 天文学
例 Astronomy is the scientific study of the universe as a whole and of objects which exist naturally in space, such as the moon, the sun, planets and stars.
天文学是一项针对整个宇宙以及自然存在于宇宙内的天体,如月球、太阳、行星和恒星的科学研究。
联 astronomical adj. 天文学的;astronomer n. 天文学家

atmosphere[’ætməsfɪə(r)]

n. 大气;大气层;(某一地的)空气〈同 air〉
例 The atmospheres of Mars and Earth are very different.
火星和地球的大气层差别很大。
联 atmospheric adj. 大气的;sphere n. 球,球体,范围,领域;hemisphere n. 半球

attendant[ə’tendənt]

n. 侍者,随从;护理人员〈同 aide〉
例 The prince was followed by five or six attendants.
王子的后面跟着五六个随从。
adj. 伴随的〈同 accompanying〉
例 Coughing and sneezing are some of the attendant discomforts of a cold.
咳嗽和打喷嚏都是由感冒引起的不适感。
联 attendance n. 出席,出席人数

augment[ɔ:g’ment]

v. 增加,增大〈同 increase〉
例 The old man sought to augment his wealth by placing it in a bank.
老人想通过把钱存入银行来使自己的财富增值。
联 augmentative adj. 可增加的;augur v. 占卜,预言;auger n. 螺旋钻

authentic[ɔ:’θentɪk]

adj. 真的,真迹的;可靠的,确实的〈同 genuine, valid〉
例 This discovery is an authentic Goya drawing.
这次发现的这幅画是戈雅的真迹。
联 authenticity n. 真实性;authenticate vt. 鉴别,证明…是真的

authorize[’ɔ:θəraɪz]

vt. 授权,批准〈同 empower〉
例 Congress authorized the spending of money for a new post office.
议会授权拨款新建一座邮局大厦。
联 authority n. 权力;authoritative adj. 权威的,有权威的

automaton[ɔ:’tɒmətən]

n. 机器人〈同 robot〉
例 In the future, many human workers may be replaced by automatons.
未来许多人类的工作可能将由机器人来替代完成。
联 automat n. 自动售货(或售票)机;automatic adj. 自动的,机械的;automation n. 自动化

autonomy[ɔ:’tɒnəmi]

n. 自治,自治权〈同 independence〉
例 The thirteen original U.S. colonies won their autonomy after the American Revolution.
在美国独立战争之后,原先的13个殖民地赢得了自治权。
联 autonomous adj. 自治的;autobiography n. 自传;automobile n. 汽车

第四部分

avert[ə’vɜ:t]

vt. 转移;避免;规避〈同 prevent〉
例 The driver averted an accident by a quick turn of the steering wheel.
驾驶员迅速地打方向盘,避免了一起交通事故。
联 averse adj. 讨厌的,不情愿的;adverse adj. 不利的,敌对的;aversion n. 厌恶,讨厌的事(或人);inversion n. 倒转

aviation[ˌeɪvɪ’eɪʃən]

n. 航空;航空学〈同 flying, aeronautics〉
例 Bob likes planes very much. He is interested in aviation.
鲍勃很喜欢飞机。他对航空学感兴趣。
联 aviator n. 飞行员;aviary n. 鸟舍;avarice n. 贪心

axis[’æksɪs]

n. 轴;轴心〈同 shaft〉
例 The earth revolves around the axis which joins the North and South Poles.
地球围绕连接北极和南极的轴旋转。

bachelor[’bætʃələ(r)]

n. ①(文或理)学士
例 Janet has a Bachelor of Engineering degree.
珍妮特有工学学士学位。
② 单身汉〈同 unmarried man〉
例 Before the wedding, he held a party with all his bachelor friends.
在举行婚礼之前,他和他所有的单身汉朋友办了一个派对。

badge[bæʤ]

n. 徽章;证章;标志
例 The Red Cross badge is a red cross on a white background.
红十字会的标志是一个在白色背景上的红色十字。

baffle[’bæfl]

vt. 使困惑;阻碍〈同 puzzle, hinder〉
例 The absence of clues baffled the police in the investigation of the murder.
线索的缺乏阻碍了警察调查这起谋杀案。
联 baffling adj. 使人困惑的,阻碍的

baggage[’bægɪʤ]

n. 行李〈同 luggage〉
例 How much baggage can we take on the plane?
我们能带多少行李上飞机?
联 bandage n. 绷带;barrage n. 堰坝,弹幕射击

bald[bɔ:ld]

adj. 秃头的;光秃的〈同 hairless〉
例 At twenty he was already going bald.
他20岁时就开始秃顶了。
联 bald eagle 秃鹰

ballet[’bæleɪ]

n. 芭蕾舞;芭蕾舞乐曲
例 A ballet tells a story through the movements of the dancing and is accompanied by music often written specially for it.
芭蕾舞通过舞蹈动作讲述故事,并且配有通常专门为其创作的音乐。

bandage[’bændɪʤ]

n. 绷带〈同 strip of cloth〉
例 She offered to put a bandage on his arm.
她主动提出为他包扎手臂。