JavaFX 布局（Group）

AnchorPane：绝对布局

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
        TextArea textArea = new TextArea();
        AnchorPane ap =  new AnchorPane();
        AnchorPane.setTopAnchor(textArea,10.0);
        AnchorPane.setBottomAnchor(textArea,10.0);
        AnchorPane.setLeftAnchor(textArea,10.0);
        AnchorPane.setRightAnchor(textArea,10.0);
        //这样设置的话，textArea会居中显示，并随着ap的放大而放大。
        ap.getChildren().add(textArea);
        Scene scene = new Scene(ap);
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.setTitle("标题栏");
        primaryStage.setWidth(400);
        primaryStage.setHeight(400);
        primaryStage.show();//启动
    }

HBox及VBox：线性布局（常用于菜单栏）

@Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
        Button btn = new Button("Button1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("Button2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("Button3");
        AnchorPane ap =  new AnchorPane();
        HBox box = new HBox();//横向线性布局
        hbox.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER)//设置子控件居中
        box.setPrefHeight(400);
        box.setPrefWidth(400);
        box.setSpacing(10);//设置子控件的间距
        box.getChildren().addAll(btn,btn2,btn3);
        ap.getChildren().add(box);
        VBox vbox = new VBox();//纵向线性布局
        Scene scene = new Scene(ap);
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.setTitle("标题栏");
        primaryStage.setWidth(400);
        primaryStage.setHeight(400);
        primaryStage.show();//启动
    }