由于lua版本迭代之间,数据结构和函数都会部分变化
以下是我分析的lua.h中的信息,以便确定版本

  1. #define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR    "5"
  2. #define LUA_VERSION_MINOR    "3"
  3. #define LUA_VERSION_NUM        503
  4. #define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE    "3"
  1. #define CommonHeader    GCObject *next; lu_byte tt; lu_byte marked
  2. /*
  3. ** Union of all collectable objects (only for conversions)
  4. */
  5. union GCUnion {
  6.   GCObject gc;  /* common header */
  7.   struct TString ts;
  8.   struct Udata u;
  9.   union Closure cl;
  10.   struct Table h;
  11.   struct Proto p;
  12.   struct lua_State th;  /* thread */
  13. };

主要位于lobject.h中,部分位于lstate.h

以下和机器有关，比如在32位（64位）机器

  1. #define LUA_INT32    int
  2. #define LUAI_UMEM    size_t
  3. #define LUAI_MEM    ptrdiff_t

以下通用定义

  1. #define LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE
  2. #define LUA_NUMBER    double
  4. typedef unsigned char lu_byte;
  5. typedef TValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
  6. typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
  7. typedef int (*lua_CFunction) (lua_State *L);
  9. typedef unsigned LUA_INT32 lu_int32;
  10. typedef LUAI_UMEM lu_mem;
  11. typedef LUAI_MEM l_mem;
  12. typedef lu_int32 Instruction;

保存lua数据的结构lua_TValue

lua_TValue 位于lobject.h

  1. //保存值和类型
  2. #define TValuefields    Value value_; int tt_
  3. struct lua_TValue {
  4.  TValuefields;
  5. };
  2. /*
  3. ** Union of all Lua values
  4. */
  5. typedef union Value {
  6.   GCObject *gc;    /* collectable objects */
  7.   void *p;         /* light userdata */
  8.   int b;           /* booleans */
  9.   lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions 函数指针*/
  10.   lua_Integer i;   /* integer numbers  */
  11.   lua_Number n;    /* float numbers 默认为double*/
  12. } Value;
  1. #define CommonHeader   GCObject *next; lu_byte tt; lu_byte marked
  2. struct GCObject {
  3.   CommonHeader;
  4. };
  1. /*
  2. ** Header for userdata; memory area follows the end of this structure
  3. ** (aligned according to 'UUdata'; see next).
  4. */
  5. typedef struct Udata {
  6.   CommonHeader;
  7.   lu_byte ttuv_;  /* user value's tag */
  8.   struct Table *metatable;
  9.   size_t len;  /* number of bytes */
  10.   union Value user_;  /* user value */
  11. } Udata;
  14. /*
  15. ** Ensures that address after this type is always fully aligned.
  16. */
  17. typedef union UUdata {
  18.   L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for 'local' udata */
  19.   Udata uv;
  20. } UUdata;

string

  1. /*
  2. ** Header for string value; string bytes follow the end of this structure
  3. ** (aligned according to 'UTString'; see next).
  4. */
  5. typedef struct TString {
  6.   CommonHeader;
  7.   lu_byte extra;  /* reserved words for short strings; "has hash" for longs */
  8.   lu_byte shrlen;  /* length for short strings */
  9.   unsigned int hash;
  10.   union {
  11.     size_t lnglen;  /* length for long strings */
  12.     struct TString *hnext;  /* linked list for hash table */
  13.   } u;
  14. } TString;
  17. /*
  18. ** Ensures that address after this type is always fully aligned.
  19. */
  20. typedef union UTString {
  21.   L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for strings */
  22.   TString tsv;
  23. } UTString;
  1. //闭包相关
  2. #define ClosureHeader  CommonHeader; lu_byte nupvalues; GCObject *gclist
  4. typedef struct CClosure {
  5.   ClosureHeader;
  6.   lua_CFunction f;
  7.   TValue upvalue[1];  /* list of upvalues */
  8. } CClosure;
  11. typedef struct LClosure {
  12.   ClosureHeader;
  13.   struct Proto *p;
  14.   UpVal *upvals[1];  /* list of upvalues */
  15. } LClosure;
  18. typedef union Closure {
  19.   CClosure c;
  20.   LClosure l;
  21. } Closure;
  1. //表相关
  2. typedef union TKey {
  3.   struct {
  4.     TValuefields;
  5.     struct Node *next;  /* for chaining */
  6.   } nk;
  7.   TValue tvk;
  8. } TKey;
  11. typedef struct Node {
  12.   TValue i_val;
  13.   TKey i_key;
  14. } Node;
  17. typedef struct Table {
  18.   CommonHeader;
  19.   lu_byte flags;  /* 1<<p means tagmethod(p) is not present */
  20.   lu_byte lsizenode;  /* log2 of size of `node' array */
  21.   int sizearray;  /* size of `array' array */
  22.   TValue *array;  /* array part */
  23.   Node *node;
  24.   Node *lastfree;  /* any free position is before this position */
  25.   struct Table *metatable;
  26.   GCObject *gclist;
  27. } Table;
/*
** Description of an upvalue for function prototypes
*/
typedef struct Upvaldesc {
  TString *name;  /* upvalue name (for debug information) */
  lu_byte instack;  /* whether it is in stack */
  lu_byte idx;  /* index of upvalue (in stack or in outer function's list) */
} Upvaldesc;


/*
** Description of a local variable for function prototypes
** (used for debug information)
*/
typedef struct LocVar {
  TString *varname;
  int startpc;  /* first point where variable is active */
  int endpc;    /* first point where variable is dead */
} LocVar;


/*
** Function Prototypes
*/
typedef struct Proto {
  CommonHeader;
  TValue *k;  /* constants used by the function */
  Instruction *code;
  struct Proto **p;  /* functions defined inside the function */
  int *lineinfo;  /* map from opcodes to source lines (debug information) */
  LocVar *locvars;  /* information about local variables (debug information) */
  Upvaldesc *upvalues;  /* upvalue information */
  union Closure *cache;  /* last created closure with this prototype */
  TString  *source;  /* used for debug information */
  int sizeupvalues;  /* size of 'upvalues' */
  int sizek;  /* size of `k' */
  int sizecode;
  int sizelineinfo;
  int sizep;  /* size of `p' */
  int sizelocvars;
  int linedefined;
  int lastlinedefined;
  GCObject *gclist;
  lu_byte numparams;  /* number of fixed parameters */
  lu_byte is_vararg;
  lu_byte maxstacksize;  /* maximum stack used by this function */
} Proto;

//上值
typedef struct UpVal {
  CommonHeader;
  TValue *v;  /* points to stack or to its own value */
  union {
    TValue value;  /* the value (when closed) */
    struct {  /* double linked list (when open) */
      struct UpVal *prev;
      struct UpVal *next;
    } l;
  } u;
} UpVal;