CPU

1.lscpu显示cpu架构信息

  1. root@ubuntu-01:~# lscpu
  2. Architecture:                    x86_64
  3. CPU op-mode(s):                  32-bit, 64-bit
  4. Byte Order:                      Little Endian
  5. Address sizes:                   40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  6. CPU(s):                          4                    #总处理器核心数量
  7. On-line CPU(s) list:             0-3
  8. Thread(s) per core:              1                    #每个核心支持的线程数量。1表示只支持一个线程，即不支持超线程
  9. Core(s) per socket:              4                    #每个处理器的核心数量
  10. Socket(s):                       1                    #处理器数量
  11. NUMA node(s):                    1
  12. Vendor ID:                       GenuineIntel
  13. CPU family:                      6
  14. Model:                           44
  15. Model name:                      Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5606  @ 2.13GHz
  16. Stepping:                        2
  17. CPU MHz:                         1196.881
  18. BogoMIPS:                        4255.54
  19. Virtualization:                  VT-x
  20. L1d cache:                       128 KiB
  21. L1i cache:                       128 KiB
  22. L2 cache:                        1 MiB
  23. L3 cache:                        8 MiB
  24. NUMA node0 CPU(s):               0-3
  25. Vulnerability Itlb multihit:     KVM: Mitigation: Split huge pages
  26. Vulnerability L1tf:              Mitigation; PTE Inversion; VMX conditional cache flushes, SMT disabled
  27. Vulnerability Mds:               Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode; SMT disabled
  28. Vulnerability Meltdown:          Mitigation; PTI
  29. Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
  30. Vulnerability Spectre v1:        Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
  31. Vulnerability Spectre v2:        Mitigation; Full generic retpoline, IBPB conditional, IBRS_FW, STIBP disabled, RSB filling
  32. Vulnerability Srbds:             Not affected
  33. Vulnerability Tsx async abort:   Not affected
  34. Flags:                           fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx pdp
  35.                                  e1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor
  36.                                  ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi fle
  37.                                  xpriority ept vpid dtherm arat flush_l1d

总处理器核心数量=处理器数量每个处理器的核心数量每个核心支持的线程数量。即：CPU(s) = Socket(s) Core(s) Thread(s)。


我们看一下MAN中是如何描述的：

  1. [xxx@localhost ~]$ man lscpu
  2.    COLUMNS
  3.        CPU    The logical CPU number of a CPU as used by the Linux kernel.　　　　#逻辑CPU数量
  4.        CORE   The logical core number. A core can contain several CPUs.　　　　　　#逻辑核心数量
  5.        SOCKET The logical socket number. A socket can contain several cores.　　　#逻辑插槽（路）数量

2. cat /proc/cpuinfo：查看CPU详细信息

  1. root@ubuntu-01:~# cat /proc/cpuinfo 
  2. processor       : 0
  3. vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
  4. cpu family      : 6
  5. model           : 44
  6. model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5606  @ 2.13GHz
  7. stepping        : 2
  8. microcode       : 0x1f
  9. cpu MHz         : 1196.915
  10. cache size      : 8192 KB
  11. physical id     : 1
  12. siblings        : 4
  13. core id         : 0
  14. cpu cores       : 4
  15. apicid          : 32
  16. initial apicid  : 32
  17. fpu             : yes
  18. fpu_exception   : yes
  19. cpuid level     : 11
  20. wp              : yes
  21. flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm arat flush_l1d
  22. bugs            : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
  23. bogomips        : 4255.54
  24. clflush size    : 64
  25. cache_alignment : 64
  26. address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  27. power management:
  29. processor       : 1
  30. vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
  31. cpu family      : 6
  32. model           : 44
  33. model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5606  @ 2.13GHz
  34. stepping        : 2
  35. microcode       : 0x1f
  36. cpu MHz         : 1196.898
  37. cache size      : 8192 KB
  38. physical id     : 1
  39. siblings        : 4
  40. core id         : 1
  41. cpu cores       : 4
  42. apicid          : 34
  43. initial apicid  : 34
  44. fpu             : yes
  45. fpu_exception   : yes
  46. cpuid level     : 11
  47. wp              : yes
  48. flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm arat flush_l1d
  49. bugs            : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
  50. bogomips        : 4255.54
  51. clflush size    : 64
  52. cache_alignment : 64
  53. address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  54. power management:
  56. processor       : 2
  57. vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
  58. cpu family      : 6
  59. model           : 44
  60. model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5606  @ 2.13GHz
  61. stepping        : 2
  62. microcode       : 0x1f
  63. cpu MHz         : 1196.864
  64. cache size      : 8192 KB
  65. physical id     : 1
  66. siblings        : 4
  67. core id         : 9
  68. cpu cores       : 4
  69. apicid          : 50
  70. initial apicid  : 50
  71. fpu             : yes
  72. fpu_exception   : yes
  73. cpuid level     : 11
  74. wp              : yes
  75. flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm arat flush_l1d
  76. bugs            : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
  77. bogomips        : 4255.54
  78. clflush size    : 64
  79. cache_alignment : 64
  80. address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  81. power management:
  83. processor       : 3
  84. vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
  85. cpu family      : 6
  86. model           : 44
  87. model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5606  @ 2.13GHz
  88. stepping        : 2
  89. microcode       : 0x1f
  90. cpu MHz         : 1196.825
  91. cache size      : 8192 KB
  92. physical id     : 1
  93. siblings        : 4
  94. core id         : 10
  95. cpu cores       : 4
  96. apicid          : 52
  97. initial apicid  : 52
  98. fpu             : yes
  99. fpu_exception   : yes
  100. cpuid level     : 11
  101. wp              : yes
  102. flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm arat flush_l1d
  103. bugs            : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
  104. bogomips        : 4255.54
  105. clflush size    : 64
  106. cache_alignment : 64
  107. address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  108. power management:

这样输出的话，内容有些多，看起来会有些混乱。我们可以用几条命令来查看我们想要知道的信息：

  1. # 查看物理CPU个数
  2. cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq
  4. # 查看每个物理CPU中core的个数(即核数)
  5. cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniq
  7. # 查看每个物理CPU中线程的个数
  8. cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "siblings" | uniq
  10. # 查看逻辑CPU的个数
  11. cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"
  13. # 查看CPU型号
  14. cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "model name" | uniq

内存

查看/proc/meminfo或者使用free命令。free命令就是从meminfo中获取的信息。一般情况下，使用free就能得到我们想知道的信息：

  1. root@ubuntu-01:~# free -m
  2.               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
  3. Mem:           7942        1278         443          80        6220        6439
  4. Swap:          4095           1        4094

可以看出，内存大小是8G。-m参数表示以MB为单位

硬盘

1. lsblk：blk是block的缩写。列出块设备

  1. NAME                      MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
  2. loop0                       7:0    0 55.4M  1 loop /snap/core18/2066
  3. loop1                       7:1    0 32.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/12159
  4. loop2                       7:2    0 32.1M  1 loop /snap/snapd/12057
  5. loop3                       7:3    0 55.5M  1 loop /snap/core18/1997
  6. loop4                       7:4    0 70.4M  1 loop /snap/lxd/19647
  7. loop7                       7:7    0 32.3M  1 loop 
  8. loop8                       7:8    0 67.6M  1 loop /snap/lxd/20326
  9. loop9                       7:9    0 99.2M  1 loop /snap/core/11167
  10. loop10                      7:10   0 99.4M  1 loop /snap/core/11187
  11. sda                         8:0    0  1.8T  0 disk 
  12. ├─sda1                      8:1    0  512M  0 part /boot/efi
  13. ├─sda2                      8:2    0    1G  0 part /boot
  14. └─sda3                      8:3    0  1.8T  0 part 
  15.   └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0    0  200G  0 lvm  /
  16. sdb                         8:16   0  3.7T  0 disk 
  17. └─sdb1                      8:17   0  3.7T  0 part 
  18. sr0                        11:0    1 1024M  0 rom

其中，TYPE=disk表示硬盘。可以看出，硬盘分为sda和sdb。

2. df：查看硬盘使用情况

  1. Filesystem                        1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
  2. udev                                4022148        0   4022148   0% /dev
  3. tmpfs                                813312     2340    810972   1% /run
  4. /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /
  5. tmpfs                               4066544        0   4066544   0% /dev/shm
  6. tmpfs                                  5120        0      5120   0% /run/lock
  7. tmpfs                               4066544        0   4066544   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
  8. /dev/sda2                            999320   303592    626916  33% /boot
  9. /dev/sda1                            523248     8032    515216   2% /boot/efi
  10. /dev/loop3                            56832    56832         0 100% /snap/core18/1997
  11. /dev/loop4                            72192    72192         0 100% /snap/lxd/19647
  12. overlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/f83d7594cf830ccaff4cb55834b571023d4a8a66045fc433b03336350f2ef681/merged/dev/loop8                            69248    69248         0 100% /snap/lxd/20326
  13. overlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/8582b4b76b0e02304cdb7ce56a7bb5f189a38eec3447e716c42a2f846bcb6edd/mergedoverlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/f696b40ecad5b0b4aeda578e8bbbcab46c3911afd26d647ac1d3b4f88e96eedd/mergedoverlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/5f26842bcdcffee6859f9b67936b76dc5315c11179715bb368fc7c58b405d4b4/mergedshm                                   65536        0     65536   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/38c5916c89f2defd47ad0926a9e56e109ee050eb7450bf65aea7d6a70b17f333/mounts/shm
  14. shm                                   65536        0     65536   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/9e818b09cd8d2d08cb59aa8ef09e80b8ff11f1f563966fb082997d198d2723bd/mounts/shm
  15. shm                                   65536        0     65536   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/da6b0b9e96b601d7ed80ca4285b59768b95d0900a76e75fe9e2a484b0f4b6c24/mounts/shm
  16. overlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/21d6400d18d4edf0bebfb42a6b3baf153685e5ae8c440f8a8b00eebfe52916a5/mergedoverlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ead3fc95c7acea4fda1c76cfc403742a39bc3beaba0cfbd5809b7afdf3db6a68/mergedshm                                   65536        0     65536   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/4ad9cacc8a0c937ebf4606c2c17f48b5686a8502a049c97fcad0bec21ee8cb1a/mounts/shm
  17. shm                                   65536        0     65536   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/d7523b0d72fedf240fa60d9fb883d4b27dfea03eb241686eb084c624f0a35027/mounts/shm
  18. overlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/5dc0a3eff4f882bca1973b9b7e17803d03dd6bb93f0908c92836484034d4e9ef/mergedshm                                   65536        0     65536   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/eaeb7153d1b1320f8084efb98072d82b9ab98f0e32f3abd96d1751acbe526e19/mounts/shm
  19. overlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/5be0eedaed57aa65ff0844b1a8e1979e2c030fb07db5d25df405e77feb644865/mergedshm                                   65536        0     65536   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/37055cb6e5d9fb7bcde44491de6de006f3a0046ffc3c08818492b3a0263d05a1/mounts/shm
  20. tmpfs                                813308        0    813308   0% /run/user/0
  21. /dev/loop0                            56832    56832         0 100% /snap/core18/2066
  22. /dev/loop2                            32896    32896         0 100% /snap/snapd/12057
  23. /dev/loop9                           101632   101632         0 100% /snap/core/11167
  24. overlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/a6c5ce62bddce8ca93469d621d65d7b04fe8090fe6de112f7ce6d3d87b0db6f1/mergedoverlay                           205375464 28158700 166714620  15% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/bb86ce63eb148545bdb731ffd0c57bb94c41558a920017a77d3674bf00cb9b53/merged/dev/loop1                            33152    33152         0 100% /snap/snapd/12159
  25. /dev/loop10                          101760   101760         0 100% /snap/core/11187

所有行的Size全加起来，也能大概算出硬盘大小。