配置方式

详见：
https://www.r-bloggers.com/2018/03/multiple-versions-of-r/

问题及解决

第一步，apt源更新

问题：
c compiler cannot create executables
xgcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-V’ xgcc: fatal error: no input files
真正的错误并不在这里，而是在最后一个错误出现的地方

首先更新apt源，切记是ubuntu系统匹配的源，不然会安装不上，以及冲突

第二步，安装编译

更新好后，安装build-essential

缺乏breadline

安装R前，建议先安装这些:

sudo apt-get install build-essential 
sudo apt-get install fort77 
sudo apt-get install xorg-dev 
sudo apt-get install liblzma-dev  libblas-dev gfortran 
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib 
sudo apt-get install gobjc++ 
sudo apt-get install aptitude 
sudo aptitude install libreadline-dev

bzip2 library and headers are required

sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev

pcre >= 8.20 library and headers are required

apt install libpcre++-dev

libcurl >= 7.22.0 library and headers are required with support for https

apt install libcurl4-openssl-dev

最后，java没有安装

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-java-with-apt-on-ubuntu-20-04

大牛总结的R安装出现的各种问题

https://twilightbbs.wordpress.com/2017/07/04/compiling-cran-r-from-scratch-and-possible-workarounds/