原文： https://thepythonguru.com/python-builtin-functions/locals/

    于 2020 年 1 月 7 日更新

    locals()函数返回一个字典，其中包含在本地名称空间中定义的变量。 在全局名称空间中调用locals()与调用globals()相同，并返回代表模块全局名称空间的字典。

    其语法如下：

    1. locals() -> dictionary containg local scope variables

    这是一个例子：

    1. #!/usr/bin/python3
    3. from pprint import pprint
    5. a = 10
    6. b = 20
    8. def foo():
    9.     x = 30 # x and y are local variables
    10.     y = 40
    12. print("locals() = {0}".format(locals()))
    14. pprint(locals()) # same as calling globals()
    16. print('*' * 80)
    18. print("locals() == globals()? ", locals() == globals())
    20. print('*' * 80)
    22. foo()

    预期输出：

    1. {'__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>,
    2. '__cached__': None,
    3. '__doc__': None,
    4. '__file__': 'module1.py',
    5. '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x7fa18790a828>,
    6. '__name__': '__main__',
    7. '__package__': None,
    8. '__spec__': None,
    9. 'a': 10,
    10. 'b': 20,
    11. 'foo': <function foo at 0x7fa1878752f0>,
    12. 'pprint': <function pprint at 0x7fa1878756a8>}
    14. ********************************************************************************
    16. locals() == globals()? True
    18. ********************************************************************************
    20. locals() = {'y': 40, 'x': 30}

    试试看：

    1. from pprint import pprint
    3. a = 10
    4. b = 20
    6. def foo():
    7.     x = 30 # x and y are local variables
    8.     y = 40
    10. print("locals() = {0}".format(locals()))
    12. pprint(locals()) # same as calling globals()
    14. print('*' * 80)
    16. print("locals() == globals()? ", locals() == globals())
    18. print('*' * 80)
    20. foo()