expect

简介

官方地址：http://expect.sourceforge.net/

代码托管：http://sourceforge.net/projects/expect/?source=navbar

expect 的功能是很强大的，实现了无须人与系统交互的功能， 比如 ssh 需要输入密码，使用此工具则可以在代码中配置

安装

  • 需要先安装 Tcl,详细见 安装文档
  1. tar -zxvf expect5.45.tar
  3. cd expect5.45
  5. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/expect5.45 --with-tcl=/usr/local/tcl8.6.4/lib --with-tclinclude=/usr/local/tcl8.6.4/include
  7. 如：其他目录
  8. ./configure --prefix=/home/dwadmin/usr/expect5.45 --with-tcl=/home/dwadmin/usr/tcl8.6.4/lib --with-tclinclude=/home/dwadmin/usr/tcl8.6.4/include
  10. make
  11. make install
  13. 会在 tcl 的目录生成 expect
  14. cd /usr/local/tcl8.6.4/bin/
  16. sudo ln -s /usr/local/tcl8.6.4/bin/expect /usr/local/bin/expect
  17. sudo ln -s /usr/local/tcl8.6.4/bin/tclsh8.6 /usr/local/bin/tclsh8.6

使用

1、ssh 登录案例

  1. 1. 代码块
  2. expect << EOF
  4. #set timeout 5
  6. spawn ssh hadoop@192.168.160.44 -p 22
  8. expect "password" {send "angejia888\n"}
  10. #expect  "Last login" {send " ifconfig |grep eth0 -A3\n"}
  12. expect eof
  14. exit
  16. EOF
  19. 2. -c 带参数
  21. /usr/bin/expect  -c '
  22.   #set timeout 5
  24.   spawn ssh hadoop@192.168.160.44 -p 22
  26.   expect "password" {send "angejia888\n"}
  28.   #expect  "Last login" {send " ifconfig |grep eth0 -A3\n"}
  30.   interact
  32.   expect eof
  33. ';

2、高级处理

2.1、普通登录执行命令

  1. #!/bin/bash
  2. auto_login_ssh_cmd () {
  3.     ./expect  -c "
  4.         set timeout -1;
  5.         spawn -noecho ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $1 $3
  6.         expect {
  7.             *password:* {
  8.                 send -- $2\r;
  9.             }
  11.         }
  12.         interact
  13.     ";
  14. }
  15. auto_login_ssh_cmd hadoop@192.168.160.44 angejia888 "bash -i ls /tmp";

2.2、传送文件

  1. #!/bin/bash
  2. auto_login_scp_data () {
  4.     fn_alsd_local_url=$1;
  5.     fn_alsd_tager_rul=$2;
  6.     fn_alsd_account=$3;
  7.     fn_alsd_passwd=$4;
  9.     expect  -c "
  10.         set timeout -1;
  11.         spawn -noecho scp -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $fn_alsd_local_url $fn_alsd_account:$fn_alsd_tager_rul
  12.         expect {
  13.            *password:* {
  14.                send -- $fn_alsd_passwd\r;
  15.             }
  16.          }
  17.          interact
  18.     ";
  19. }
  20. auto_login_scp_data  /tmp/aaaaa.txt  /tmp/bbb.txt hadoop@192.168.160.44 angejia888 ;