编码和解码

• 编码(encode): unicode -> str
• 解码(decode): str -> unicode

Python2

Python2中字符串分为unicode和str

unicode编码成人可读的str

s = u'你好'
# or
s = u'\u4f60\u597d'
print type(s)
# <type 'unicode'>
print repr(s)
# u'\u4f60\u597d'
print s.encode('utf-8')
# 你好

str解码成电脑使用的unicode

s = '你好'
print repr(s.decode('utf-8'))
# u'\u4f60\u597d'

Python3

Python3中unicode和str统一为str，字节型字符串为bytes

• https://www.jianshu.com/p/cbb4254c7f8c
• https://www.jianshu.com/p/4ced2bbc9334
• https://blog.csdn.net/qq_21149391/article/details/91857256