1. 变量使用

1.1 使用预定义的环境变量

//比如构建 Docker 镜像，定义缓存目录

  1. variables:
  2.   REGISTRY: $CI_REGISTRY/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring
  3.   MAVEN_OPTS: "-Dmaven.repo.local=$CI_PROJECT_DIR/.m2"
  4. ...

1.2 创建一个自定义环境变量

创建自定义环境变量有两种方式：

  • .gitlab-ci.yml

  • gitlab UI 页面

    • 项目变量
    • 组变量

（1）通过 UI 定义

组变量： 组页面 -> 设置 -> CI/CD -> 变量

5.2 变量的创建与使用 - 图1

项目变量：设置 -> CI/CD -> 变量

5.2 变量的创建与使用 - 图2

(2) .gitlab-ci.yml 中定义

在 .gitlab-ci.yml 中定义变量，可以在两个地方，全局和job中

  1. variables:
  2.   TEST: "HELLO WORLD"
  3. job1：
  4.   variables:
  5.     TEST2: "HELLO WORLD2"

2.3 变量使用示例

//gitlab-ci.yml

  1. variables:
  2.   REGISTRY: $CI_REGISTRY/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring
  4. test_variabl:
  5.   stage: test
  6.   variables:
  7.     JOB: test variable
  8.   script:
  9.     - echo "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}"
  10.     - echo "${AISHANGWEI}"
  11.     - echo "${HARBOR_USER}/${HARBOR_PW}"
  12.     - echo "${REGISTRY}"
  13.     - echo $JOB
  14.     - echo "--------------"
  15.     - export

//输出如下

  1. Running with gitlab-runner 12.10.0 (c553af1a)
  2.    on host20133-docker 6FzQVSkX
  3. Preparing the "docker" executor
  4. 00:00
  5.  Using Docker executor with image harbor.xiodi.cn/tools/alpine:3.11 ...
  6.  Pulling docker image harbor.xiodi.cn/tools/alpine:3.11 ...
  7.  Using docker image sha256:cc0abc535e36a7ede71978ba2bbd8159b8a5420b91f2fbc520cdf5f673640a34 for harbor.xiodi.cn/tools/alpine:3.11 ...
  8. Preparing environment
  9. 00:03
  10.  Running on runner-6fzqvskx-project-1-concurrent-0 via bcff4f9f7900...
  11. Getting source from Git repository
  12. 00:02
  13.  Fetching changes with git depth set to 50...
  14.  Reinitialized existing Git repository in /builds/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring/.git/
  15.  From https://gitlabtest.xiodi.cn/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring
  16.   * [new ref]         refs/pipelines/10 -> refs/pipelines/10
  17.     59dd48f..e15e65b  feature-1         -> origin/feature-1
  18.  Checking out e15e65bb as feature-1...
  19.  Removing public/
  20.  Removing vendor/
  21.  Skipping Git submodules setup
  22. Restoring cache
  23. 00:01
  24. Downloading artifacts
  25. 00:02
  26. Running before_script and script
  27. 00:02
  28.  $ echo "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}"
  29.  /builds/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring
  30.  $ echo "${AISHANGWEI}"
  31.  aishangwei-group
  32.  $ echo "${HARBOR_USER}/${HARBOR_PW}"
  33.  harbor/xiodi.cn123
  34.  $ echo "${REGISTRY}"
  35.  /edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring
  36.  $ echo $JOB
  37.  test variable
  38.  $ echo "--------------"
  39.  --------------
  40.  $ export
  41.  export AISHANGWEI='aishangwei-group'
  42.  export CI='true'
  43.  export CI_API_V4_URL='https://gitlabtest.xiodi.cn/api/v4'
  44.  export CI_BUILDS_DIR='/builds'
  45.  export CI_BUILD_BEFORE_SHA='59dd48fbff2995d9fcf982192f68800dacf042c8'
  46.  export CI_BUILD_ID='21'
  47.  export CI_BUILD_NAME='test_variabl'
  48.  export CI_BUILD_REF='e15e65bb132cebbe73e5f7a23b5f33a5ffd6b9b3'
  49.  export CI_BUILD_REF_NAME='feature-1'
  50.  export CI_BUILD_REF_SLUG='feature-1'
  51.  export CI_BUILD_STAGE='test'
  52.  export CI_BUILD_TOKEN='[MASKED]'
  53.  export CI_COMMIT_BEFORE_SHA='59dd48fbff2995d9fcf982192f68800dacf042c8'
  54.  export CI_COMMIT_BRANCH='feature-1'
  55.  export CI_COMMIT_DESCRIPTION=''
  56.  export CI_COMMIT_MESSAGE='change gitlab-ci
  57.  '
  58.  export CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME='feature-1'
  59.  export CI_COMMIT_REF_PROTECTED='false'
  60.  export CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG='feature-1'
  61.  export CI_COMMIT_SHA='e15e65bb132cebbe73e5f7a23b5f33a5ffd6b9b3'
  62.  export CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA='e15e65bb'
  63.  export CI_COMMIT_TITLE='change gitlab-ci'
  64.  export CI_CONCURRENT_ID='0'
  65.  export CI_CONCURRENT_PROJECT_ID='0'
  66.  export CI_CONFIG_PATH='.gitlab-ci.yml'
  67.  export CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH='dev'
  68.  export CI_DISPOSABLE_ENVIRONMENT='true'
  69.  export CI_JOB_ID='21'
  70.  export CI_JOB_JWT='[MASKED]'
  71.  export CI_JOB_NAME='test_variabl'
  72.  export CI_JOB_STAGE='test'
  73.  export CI_JOB_TOKEN='[MASKED]'
  74.  export CI_JOB_URL='https://gitlabtest.xiodi.cn/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring/-/jobs/21'
  75.  export CI_NODE_TOTAL='1'
  76.  export CI_PAGES_DOMAIN='example.com'
  77.  export CI_PAGES_URL='http://edu-java-demo.example.com/edu-java-spring'
  78.  export CI_PIPELINE_ID='10'
  79.  export CI_PIPELINE_IID='10'
  80.  export CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE='push'
  81.  export CI_PIPELINE_URL='https://gitlabtest.xiodi.cn/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring/pipelines/10'
  82.  export CI_PROJECT_DIR='/builds/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring'
  83.  export CI_PROJECT_ID='1'
  84.  export CI_PROJECT_NAME='edu-java-spring'
  85.  export CI_PROJECT_NAMESPACE='edu-java-demo'
  86.  export CI_PROJECT_PATH='edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring'
  87.  export CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG='edu-java-demo-edu-java-spring'
  88.  export CI_PROJECT_REPOSITORY_LANGUAGES=''
  89.  export CI_PROJECT_TITLE='edu-java-spring'
  90.  export CI_PROJECT_URL='https://gitlabtest.xiodi.cn/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring'
  91.  export CI_PROJECT_VISIBILITY='private'
  92.  export CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD='[MASKED]'
  93.  export CI_REGISTRY_USER='gitlab-ci-token'
  94.  export CI_REPOSITORY_URL='https://gitlab-ci-token:[MASKED]@gitlabtest.xiodi.cn/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring.git'
  95.  export CI_RUNNER_DESCRIPTION='host20133-docker'
  96.  export CI_RUNNER_EXECUTABLE_ARCH='linux/amd64'
  97.  export CI_RUNNER_ID='4'
  98.  export CI_RUNNER_REVISION='c553af1a'
  99.  export CI_RUNNER_SHORT_TOKEN='6FzQVSkX'
  100.  export CI_RUNNER_TAGS='host20133-docker, docker'
  101.  export CI_RUNNER_VERSION='12.10.0'
  102.  export CI_SERVER='yes'
  103.  export CI_SERVER_HOST='gitlabtest.xiodi.cn'
  104.  export CI_SERVER_NAME='GitLab'
  105.  export CI_SERVER_PORT='443'
  106.  export CI_SERVER_PROTOCOL='https'
  107.  export CI_SERVER_REVISION='869bc26464b'
  108.  export CI_SERVER_TLS_CA_FILE='/builds/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring.tmp/CI_SERVER_TLS_CA_FILE'
  109.  export CI_SERVER_URL='https://gitlabtest.xiodi.cn'
  110.  export CI_SERVER_VERSION='12.10.0'
  111.  export CI_SERVER_VERSION_MAJOR='12'
  112.  export CI_SERVER_VERSION_MINOR='10'
  113.  export CI_SERVER_VERSION_PATCH='0'
  114.  export FF_CMD_DISABLE_DELAYED_ERROR_LEVEL_EXPANSION='false'
  115.  export FF_NETWORK_PER_BUILD='false'
  116.  export FF_USE_LEGACY_BUILDS_DIR_FOR_DOCKER='false'
  117.  export FF_USE_LEGACY_KUBERNETES_EXECUTION_STRATEGY='true'
  118.  export FF_USE_LEGACY_VOLUMES_MOUNTING_ORDER='false'
  119.  export GITLAB_CI='true'
  120.  export GITLAB_FEATURES=''
  121.  export GITLAB_USER_EMAIL='dev01@aishangwei.net'
  122.  export GITLAB_USER_ID='3'
  123.  export GITLAB_USER_LOGIN='dev01'
  124.  export GITLAB_USER_NAME='dev01'
  125.  export HARBOR_PW='xiodi.cn123'
  126.  export HARBOR_USER='harbor'
  127.  export HOME='/root'
  128.  export HOSTNAME='runner-6fzqvskx-project-1-concurrent-0'
  129.  export JOB='test variable'
  130.  export OLDPWD='/'
  131.  export PATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin'
  132.  export PWD='/builds/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring'
  133.  export REGISTRY='/edu-java-demo/edu-java-spring'
  134.  export SHLVL='2'
  135. Running after_script
  136. 00:01
  137. Saving cache
  138. 00:02
  139. Uploading artifacts for successful job
  140. 00:02
  141.  Job succeeded