整合SSM框架
页面访问流程：前端 ——> controller层 ——> service 层——> mapper层 ——> 数据库
前端访问，controller层到service层，service调mapper层，mapper连数据库
开发流程：数据库 ——> mapper层 —-> service业务层 ——> controller层 ——> 前端页面
1 开发
数据库环境
创建一个数据库
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;USE `ssmbuild`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;CREATE TABLE `books` (`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
基本环境搭建
新建一个Maven项目，添加Web支持
导入相关的pom依赖，Maven静态资源过滤设置
<!--依赖: junit,数据库驱动,连接池,servlet,jsp,mybatis,mybaits-spring,spring相关--><dependencies><!--Junit--><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.12</version></dependency><!--数据库驱动--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.47</version></dependency><!--Servlet - JSP --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>2.5</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>2.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><!--Mybatis--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>2.0.2</version></dependency><!--Spring--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.22</version></dependency></dependencies><!--静态资源导出--><build><resources><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource><resource><directory>src/main/resources</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource></resources></build>
可以在IDEA中连接数据库
建立基本的结构和配置框架
java文件夹下com.xleixz.pojo（model模型）
com.xleixz.mapper（数据持久层）
com.xleixz.service（业务逻辑层）
com.xleixz.controller（控制层）
resources文件夹下
- Mybatis-config.xml（Mybatis核心配置文件）
```xml
<?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8” ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC “-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN”
“http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
-ApplicationContext.xml（Spring核心配置文件）```xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"></beans>
Mybatis层编写
编写Mybatis核心配置文件 ```xml <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8” ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<package name="com.xleixz.pojo"/>
2.编写数据库对应的实体类 【Books.java】<br />**这里使用Lombok插件，使用注解**```javaimport lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class Books {private int bookID;private String bookName;private int bookCounts;private String detail;}
编写mapper（dao）层的 Mapper接口 ```java import com.xleixz.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public interface BookMapper {
//增加一个Book int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部Book,返回list集合 List
queryAllBook();
}
4.编写接口对应的**Mapper.xml** 文件```xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.xleixz.mapper.BookMapper"><!--增加一个Book--><insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})</insert><!--根据id删除一个Book--><delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}</delete><!--更新Book--><update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">update ssmbuild.booksset bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}where bookID = #{bookID}</update><!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--><select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">select * from ssmbuild.bookswhere bookID = #{bookID}</select><!--查询全部Book--><select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">SELECT * from ssmbuild.books</select></mapper>
写完映射文件之后，要立马绑定到Mybatis核心配置文件中！！！
<mappers><mapper resource="com/xleixz/mapper/BookMapper.xml"/></mappers>
编写Service层的接口和实现类
业务层（Service）接口和mapper层接口本质上没有区别！！
逻辑：Service业务层调mapper层，组合mapper层，私有化private BookMapper bookMapper;
Service业务层接口 ```java public interface BookService {//增加一个Book int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部Book,返回list集合 List
queryAllBook();
}
<br />**Service业务层实现类**```javaimport com.xleixz.mapper.BookMapper;import com.xleixz.pojo.Books;import java.util.List;public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {//调用mapper层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理private BookMapper bookMapper;public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {this.bookMapper = bookMapper;}@Overridepublic int addBook(Books book) {return bookMapper.addBook(book);}@Overridepublic int deleteBookById(int id) {return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);}@Overridepublic int updateBook(Books books) {return bookMapper.updateBook(books);}@Overridepublic Books queryBookById(int id) {return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);}@Overridepublic List<Books> queryAllBook() {return bookMapper.queryAllBook();}}
到这里MVC的底层Mybatis层就编写完了！
pojo：实体类 mapper层和service层就是MVC的M（Model模型）
Spring层
配置Spring整合MyBatis，这里数据源使用jdbc连接池；
准备Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件【Spring-mapper.xml】 ```xml <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
<br />编写配置文件【Spring-Mapper.xml】，**如果使用的是MySQL8.0+，要增加一个时区的配置；**```xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttps://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!-- 配置整合mybatis --><!-- 1.数据库连接池 --><!--DataSource:使用Spring的数据源替换mybatis的配置 jdbc c3p0 dbcp这里使用Spring提供的jdbc--><bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"><property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/><property name="url"value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8"/><property name="username" value="root"/><property name="password" value="123456"/></bean><!-- 2.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --><bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><!-- 注入数据库连接池 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/><!-- 配置Mybatis全局配置文件:Mybatis-config.xml --><property name="configLocation" value="classpath:Mybatis-config.xml"/></bean><!-- 3.配置扫描Mapper接口包，动态实现Mapper接口注入到spring容器中 --><!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html--><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --><property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/><!-- 给出需要扫描Mapper接口包 --><property name="basePackage" value="com.xleixz.mapper"/></bean></beans>
Spring整合service层 ```xml <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
**Spring层编写完成！**> **SpringMVC层**1.**配置web.xml**```xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd"version="5.0"><!--DispatcherServlet: 前置控制器,请求分发--><servlet><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><!--一定要注意:这里加载的是总的配置文件，这里有坑！--><param-value>classpath:ApplicationContext.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!--防止乱码--><!--encodingFilter--><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>utf-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!--Session过期时间--><session-config><session-timeout>15</session-timeout></session-config></web-app>
编写Spring-mvc.xml配置文件 ```xml <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
3.**Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml**```xml<import resource="Spring-mapper.xml"/><import resource="Spring-service.xml"/><import resource="Spring-mvc.xml"/>
到这里所有的配置文件就全部结束了。
框架配置结构：
- BookController 类编写 ```java package com.xleixz.controller;
import com.xleixz.pojo.Books; import com.xleixz.service.BookService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.awt.print.Book; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;
/**
- @Author: 小雷学长
- @Date: 2022/6/13 - 17:50
@Version: 1.8 */ //添加@Controller注解，表示这是一个控制器 @Controller //添加@RequestMapping(“/book”)注解，表示这是一个请求映射器 @RequestMapping(“/book”) public class BookController {
//添加@Autowired注解，表示这是一个自动装配的注解 @Autowired //添加@Qualifier注解，表示这是一个注入的注解 @Qualifier(“BookServiceImpl”) private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping(“/allBook”) public String list(Model model) {
//调用service方法，查询所有图书List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();//将查询到的图书添加到model中model.addAttribute("list", list);//转发return "allBook";
}
@RequestMapping(“/toAddBook”) public String toAddPaper() {
//返回book/add.jspreturn "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping(“/addBook”) public String addPaper(Books books) {
//调用service方法，添加图书bookService.addBook(books);//重定向return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
@RequestMapping(“/toUpdateBook”) public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
//调用service方法，根据id查询图书Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);//将查询到的图书添加到model中model.addAttribute("book", books);//转发return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping(“/updateBook”) public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
//调用service方法，修改图书bookService.updateBook(book);//调用service方法，根据id查询图书Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());//将查询到的图书添加到model中model.addAttribute("books", books);//重定向return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
@RequestMapping(“/del/{bookId}”) public String deleteBook(@PathVariable(“bookId”) int id) {
//调用service方法，根据id删除图书bookService.deleteBookById(id);//重定向return "redirect:/book/allBook";
} } ```
- 补充index.jsp页面 ```jsp <%@ page language=”java” contentType=”text/html; charset=UTF-8” pageEncoding=”UTF-8” %> <!DOCTYPE HTML>
点击进入列表页
3.书籍列表页面 **allbook.jsp**```jsp<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><html><head><title>书籍列表</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"></head><body><div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-4 column"><a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a></div></div><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><table class="table table-hover table-striped"><thead><tr><th>书籍编号</th><th>书籍名字</th><th>书籍数量</th><th>书籍详情</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}"><tr><td>${book.getBookID()}</td><td>${book.getBookName()}</td><td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td><td>${book.getDetail()}</td><td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a></td></tr></c:forEach></tbody></table></div></div></div>
- 添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp ```jsp <%@ taglib prefix=”c” uri=”http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core“ %> <%@ page contentType=”text/html;charset=UTF-8” language=”java” %>
新增书籍
5.
修改书籍页面 **updateBook.jsp**jsp
<%@ taglib prefix=”c” uri=”http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core“ %>
<%@ page contentType=”text/html;charset=UTF-8” language=”java” %>
修改信息
> **拓展：新增一个查询功能**1.到**mapper**层写接口，实现根据书籍名称查询数据信息的功能【BookMapper.java】```java//根据name查询,返回一个BookBooks queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
- 根据接口编写映射文件【BookMapper.xml】
<!--查询全部Book--><select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">SELECT * from ssmbuild.bookswhere bookName = #{bookName}</select>
- 在service层编写接口，业务层（Service）接口和mapper层接口本质上没有区别！！【BookService.java】
//根据name查询,返回一个BookBooks queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
- 在service层编写接口实现类【BookServiceImpl.java】
@Overridepublic Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);}
- 在书籍列表allBook.jsp中添加连接跳转
<div class="col-md-8 column"><%--查询书籍--%><form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right"><span style="color: red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span><input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询数据的名称"><input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary"></form></div>
- 编写controller层，控制请求和响应【BookController.java】
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")public String queryBook(String queryBookName, Model model) {//调用service方法，根据图书名称查询图书Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);//遍历Books集合List<Books> list = new ArrayList<>();//将遍历的图书添加到list中list.add(books);/*查询优化*///如果查询到的结果为空,则返回所有的书籍if(books==null){list = bookService.queryAllBook();model.addAttribute("error","没有查询到相关书籍");}//将查询到的图书添加到model中model.addAttribute("list", list);//转发return "allBook";}
目录结构：
2 报错问题
启动测试，发现报500服务器内部错误！
解决：在web.xml配置文件中，classpath：对应的文件中没有绑定ApplicationContext.xml配置文件，修改一下。
隐藏域
新增书籍出现问题：数据库无法正常添加数据
分析：
- 首先判断事务是否提交，若没有则配置事务；若还有问题则下一步；
- 看一下SQL语句能否执行成功，SQL执行失败，修改未完成。
解决：
SQL语句中没有传入id，service业务层的BookID没有传过来，设置前端传递隐藏域
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
这里name要对应数据库里的列。
还可以通过在mybatis核心配置文件中添加日志，查看SQL语句是否正常
<settings><setting name="logImpl" values="STDOUT_LOGGING"/></settings>
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