第8章_http及其他标准库

8-1 http标准库

package main
import (
   "fmt"
   "net/http"
   "net/http/httputil"
)
func main() {
   resp, err := http.Get("http://www.imooc.com")
   if err != nil {
       panic(err)
   }
   defer resp.Body.Close()
   response, err := httputil.DumpResponse(resp, true)
   if err != nil {
       panic(err)
   }
   fmt.Printf("%s\n", response)
}

我现在想对 httpclinet进行控制

比如我想要访问手机版的imooc

package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
    "net/http/httputil"
)
func main() {
    request, err := http.NewRequest(
        http.MethodGet,
        "http://www.imooc.com",
        nil,
    )
    request.Header.Add("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 13_2_3 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/13.0.3 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1")
    resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(request)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    response, err := httputil.DumpResponse(resp, true)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", response)
}

8-2 json数据格式的处理

+v格式化打印

package main
import "fmt"
type Order struct {
    Id string
    Name string
    Quantity int
    TotalPrice int
}
func main() {
    o:=Order{
        Id:         "124",
        Name:       "lreag go",
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    fmt.Printf("%+v",o)
}

使用 json库 格式化库

package main
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)
type Order struct {
    Id string
    Name string
    Quantity int
    TotalPrice int
}
func main() {
    o:=Order{
        Id:         "124",
        Name:       "lreag go",
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    //fmt.Printf("%+v",o)
    b,err:=json.Marshal(o)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s\n",b)
}

json字段

package main
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)
type Order struct {
    Id string `json:"id"`
    Name string `json:"name"`
    Quantity int `json:"quantity"`
    TotalPrice int`json:"total_price"`
}
func main() {
    o:=Order{
        Id:         "124",
        Name:       "lreag go",
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    //fmt.Printf("%+v",o)
    b,err:=json.Marshal(o)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s\n",b)
}

在结构体里面,首字母小写的字段是不能被看到的

省略空字段

package main
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)
type Order struct {
    Id         string `json:"id"`
    Name       string `json:"name,omitempty"`
    Quantity   int    `json:"quantity"`
    TotalPrice int    `json:"total_price"`
}
func main() {
    o := Order{
        Id:         "124",
        //Name:       "lreag go",
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    //fmt.Printf("%+v",o)
    b, err := json.Marshal(o)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", b)
}
/**
{"id":"124","quantity":3,"total_price":30}
Process finished with the exit code 0
 */

json 嵌套

package main
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)
type OrderItem struct {
    ID    string  `json:"id"`
    Name  string  `json:"name"`
    Price float64 `json:"price"`
}
type Order struct {
    Id         string `json:"id"`
    Item       OrderItem `json:"item"`
    Quantity   int `json:"quantity"`
    TotalPrice int `json:"total_price"`
}
func main() {
    o := Order{
        Id: "124",
        Item: OrderItem{
            ID:    "8675645",
            Name:  "nancy",
            Price: 0,
        },
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    //fmt.Printf("%+v",o)
    b, err := json.Marshal(o)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", b)
}
/**
{
  "id": "124",
  "item": {
    "id": "8675645",
    "name": "nancy",
    "price": 0
  },
  "quantity": 3,
  "total_price": 30
}
*/

指针也可以

package main
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)
type OrderItem struct {
    ID    string  `json:"id"`
    Name  string  `json:"name"`
    Price float64 `json:"price"`
}
type Order struct {
    Id         string `json:"id"`
    Item       *OrderItem `json:"item"`
    Quantity   int `json:"quantity"`
    TotalPrice int `json:"total_price"`
}
func main() {
    o := Order{
        Id: "124",
        Item: &OrderItem{
            ID:    "8675645",
            Name:  "nancy",
            Price: 0,
        },
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    //fmt.Printf("%+v",o)
    b, err := json.Marshal(o)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", b)
}
/**
{
  "id": "124",
  "item": {
    "id": "8675645",
    "name": "nancy",
    "price": 0
  },
  "quantity": 3,
  "total_price": 30
}
*/

切片也支持

package main
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)
type OrderItem struct {
    ID    string  `json:"id"`
    Name  string  `json:"name"`
    Price float64 `json:"price"`
}
type Order struct {
    Id         string `json:"id"`
    Item       *[]OrderItem `json:"item"`
    Quantity   int `json:"quantity"`
    TotalPrice int `json:"total_price"`
}
func main() {
    o := Order{
        Id: "124",
        Item: &[]OrderItem{
            {
                ID:    "8675645",
                Name:  "nancy",
                Price: 50,
            },
            {
                ID:    "2456733",
                Name:  "yael",
                Price: 20,
            },
        },
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    //fmt.Printf("%+v",o)
    b, err := json.Marshal(o)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s\n", b)
}
/**
{
  "id": "124",
  "item": [
    {
      "id": "8675645",
      "name": "nancy",
      "price": 50
    },
    {
      "id": "2456733",
      "name": "yael",
      "price": 20
    }
  ],
  "quantity": 3,
  "total_price": 30
}
*/

8-3 第三方API数据格式的解析技巧

map类型收 json

package main
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)
type OrderItem struct {
    ID    string  `json:"id"`
    Name  string  `json:"name"`
    Price float64 `json:"price"`
}
type Order struct {
    Id         string       `json:"id"`
    Item       []*OrderItem `json:"item"`
    Quantity   int          `json:"quantity"`
    TotalPrice int          `json:"total_price"`
}
func marshal() {
    o := Order{
        Id: "124",
        Item: []*OrderItem{
            {
                ID:    "8675645",
                Name:  "nancy",
                Price: 50,
            },
            {
                ID:    "2456733",
                Name:  "yael",
                Price: 20,
            },
        },
        Quantity:   3,
        TotalPrice: 30,
    }
    fmt.Println(o)
}
func unmarshal() {
    s := `{"id":"124","item":[{"id":"8675645","name":"nancy","price":50},{"id":"2456733","name":"yael","price":20}],"quantity":3,"total_price":30}
`
    var o Order
    json.Unmarshal([]byte(s), &o)
    fmt.Printf("%+v", o)
}
func parseNLP() {
    res := `{
"data": [
    {
        "synonym":"",
        "weight":"0.6",
        "word": "真丝",
        "tag":"材质"
    },
    {
        "synonym":"",
        "weight":"0.8",
        "word": "韩都衣舍",
        "tag":"品牌"
    },
    {
        "synonym":"连身裙;联衣裙",
        "weight":"1.0",
        "word": "连衣裙",
        "tag":"品类"
    }
]
}`
    //m := struct {
    //    Data []struct {
    //        Synonym string `json:"synonym"`
    //        Tag     string `json:"tag"`
    //    } `json:"data"`
    //}{}
    m := make(map[string]interface{})
    err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(res), &m)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("-----------------------------------------------------------\n")
    fmt.Printf("%+v\n",m["data"].([]interface{})[2].(map[string]interface{})["synonym"])
    fmt.Printf("-----------------------------------------------------------\n")
    for k,v := range m{
        fmt.Println(k,v)
        for _,v2 := range v.([]interface{}){
            for v3,v4:=range v2.(map[string]interface{}){
                fmt.Printf("v3:%v---v4:%v\n",v3,v4)
            }
            //fmt.Printf("v1:%v---v2%v\n",v1,v2)
        }
    }
    fmt.Printf("%+v\n", m)
    //fmt.Printf("%+v, %+v\n", m.Data[2].Synonym, m.Data[2].Tag)
}
func main() {
    parseNLP()
}

其中的map[string]interface 属实复杂

fmt.Printf("%+v\n",
        m["data"].([]interface{})[2].(map[string]interface{})["synonym"],
    )

结构体收json

换成结构体的

m := struct {
        Data []struct {
            Synonym string `json:"synonym"`
            Tag     string `json:"tag"`
        } `json:"data"`
    }{}

err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(res), &m)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%+v, %+v\n", m.Data[2].Synonym, m.Data[2].Tag)

8-4 gin框架介绍

8-5 为gin增加middleware