1、submit坑
此处随便写一个方法,进入内部查看execute和submit
/*** @Author: 小混蛋* @CreateDate: 2018/8/29 9:58*/@Componentpublic class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {ExecutorService es = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);ArrayList<Future<?>> arrayList = new ArrayList();for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {final int b = i;Future<?> submit = es.submit(() -> {System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());int a = b / 0;});arrayList.add(submit);}arrayList.forEach(s -> {try {s.get();} catch (InterruptedException |ExecutionException e) {e.printStackTrace();}});es.shutdown();}@Scheduled(cron = "")public void test() {}}
ctrl加鼠标左键进入submit,查看AbstractExecutorService,发现submit底层调用的还是execute,但是提交的任务不是task,而是在task的基础上封装了一层FutureTask
public Future<?> submit(Runnable task) {if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException();RunnableFuture<Void> ftask = newTaskFor(task, null);execute(ftask);return ftask;}
重点来了,当submit提交的task里面出现未检查异常如RuntimeException和Error等,直接execute你的task肯定是抛异常;但是使用submit之后提交的FutureTask我们看下它的源码run方法:run方法和我们直接提交的task的run方法并不一样,该方法会对所有的Throwable类型进行捕获,并把异常通过setException保存在内部变量outcome里面。所以线程池执行的过程中异常不会被抛出
public void run() {if (state != NEW ||!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapObject(this, runnerOffset,null, Thread.currentThread()))return;try {Callable<V> c = callable;if (c != null && state == NEW) {V result;boolean ran;try {result = c.call();ran = true;} catch (Throwable ex) {result = null;ran = false;setException(ex);}if (ran)set(result);}} finally {runner = null;int s = state;if (s >= INTERRUPTING)handlePossibleCancellationInterrupt(s);}}protected void setException(Throwable t) {if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, stateOffset, NEW, COMPLETING)) {outcome = t;UNSAFE.putOrderedInt(this, stateOffset, EXCEPTIONAL); // final statefinishCompletion();}}
另一个重点来了,当submit被futuretask.get的时候。会在report方法调用过程中抛出这个未检查异常!
public V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {int s = state;if (s <= COMPLETING)s = awaitDone(false, 0L);return report(s);}private V report(int s) throws ExecutionException {Object x = outcome;if (s == NORMAL)return (V)x;if (s >= CANCELLED)throw new CancellationException();throw new ExecutionException((Throwable)x);}
结论
1、submit在执行过程中与execute不一样,不会抛出异常而是把异常保存在成员变量中,在FutureTask.get阻塞获取的时候再把异常抛出来。
2、Spring的@Schedule注解的内部实现就是使用submit,因此,如果你构建的任务内部有未检查异常,你是永远也拿不到这个异常的。
3、execute直接抛出异常之后线程就死掉了,submit保存异常线程没有死掉,因此execute的线程池可能会出现没有意义的情况,因为线程没有得到重用。而submit不会出现这种情况。
