简介
JsonPath是一种简单的方法来提取JSON文档的方法。它支持的编程语言有很多，如java、python、JavaScript和PHP。
JsonPath提供的json解析非常强大，它提供了类似正则表达式的语法，基本上可以满足所有你想要获得的json内容。
maven依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.jayway.jsonpath/json-path --><dependency><groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId><artifactId>json-path</artifactId><version>2.6.0</version></dependency>
操作符
| 操作符 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| $ | 表示根元素 |
| @ | 当前元素 |
| . or [] | 子元素 |
| n/a | 父元素 |
| * | 通配符，表示所有的元素 |
| .. | 选择所有符合条件的节点 |
| [] | 迭代器标识，如数组下标 |
| [,] | 连接操作符在XPath 结果合并其它结点集合。JSONP允许name或者数组索引。 |
| [start,step] | 数组切片操作 |
| ?() | 过滤表达式 |
| () | 支持表达式计算 |
函数
函数可以在路径的尾部调用，函数的输出是路径表达式的输出，该函数的输出是由函数本身所决定的
| 函数 | 描述 | 输出 |
|---|---|---|
| min() | 提供数组的最小值 | Double |
| max() | 提供数组的最大值 | Double |
| avg() | 提供数组的平均值 | Double |
| stddev() | 提供数组的标准偏差值 | Double |
| length() | 提供数组的长度 | Integer |
| sum() | 提供数组的总和 | Double |
| keys() | 提供属性键（终端波浪号的替代方案 ~） | Set |
| concat(X) | 提供带有新项目的路径输出的串联版本 | like input |
| append(X) | 向 json 路径输出数组添加一个项目 | like input |
过滤操作符
过滤器是用于过滤数组的逻辑表达式。 典型的过滤器是 [?(@.age > 18)] 表示当前节点属性 age 大于 18，其中 @ 代表正在处理的当前项目。 可以使用逻辑运算符 && 和 || 来创建更复杂的过滤器。 字符串文字必须用单引号或双引号括起来（[?(@.color == ‘blue’)] 或 [?(@.color == “blue”)]）。
| 操作符 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| == | left等于right（注意1不等于’1’） |
| != | 不等于 |
| < | 小于 |
| <= | 小于等于 |
| > | 大于 |
| >= | 大于等于 |
| =~ | 匹配正则表达式[?(@.name =~ /foo.*?/i)] |
| in | 左边存在于右边 [?(@.size in [‘S’, ‘M’])] |
| nin | 左边不存在于右边 |
| subsetof | 左边是 右边 [?(@.sizes subnetof [‘S’, ‘M’, ‘L’])] 的子集 |
| anyof | 左边与右边有交集 [?(@.sizes anyof [‘M’, ‘L’])] |
| noneof | 左边与右边没有交集 [?(@.sizes noneof [‘M’, ‘L’])] |
| size | （数组或字符串）长度 |
| empty | （数组或字符串）为空 |
Java版测试
测试的json数据
{"text" : "张三","expensive" : 6,"body" : {"rvNoNum" : 23,"rvNoRecords" : [{"score" : 4,"rvAddress" : "2","consignments" : null},{"score" : 8,"rvAddress" : "3","consignments" : null}]}}
测试代码
package jsonpathdemo;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;public class jsonpathTest {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {// 定义需要测试的json字符串String testJson = "{" +" "text": "张三"," +" "expensive": 6," +" "body": {" +" "rvNoNum": 23," +" "rvNoRecords": [{" +" "score": 4," +" "rvAddress": "2"," +" "consignments": null" +" }, {" +" "score": 8," +" "rvAddress": "3"," +" "consignments": null" +" }]" +" }" +"}";//使用jackson对字符串反序列化为json对象ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper ( );HashMap responseJson = mapper.readValue ( testJson, HashMap.class );// 输出text的值String text = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$.text");System.out.println (text );// 输出rvNoNum的值int rvNoNum = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$.body.rvNoNum");System.out.println ( rvNoNum);//输出rvNoRecords数组的第2个值List<Object> rvNoRecords = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$..rvNoRecords[1]");System.out.println ( rvNoRecords);//输出rvNoRecords数组的第1和第2个值List<Object> rvNoRecords1 = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$..rvNoRecords[0,1]");System.out.println (rvNoRecords1 );//输出rvNoRecords数组中score<=expensive的所有值List<Object> rvNoRecords2 = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$..rvNoRecords[?(@.score < $['expensive'])]");System.out.println ( rvNoRecords2);//输出rvNoRecords[0]的rvAddress值String rvAddress1 = JsonPath.read(responseJson, "$.body.rvNoRecords[0].rvAddress");System.out.println ( rvAddress1);//输出全部rvAddress的值，使用Iterator迭代List<String> rvAddress = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$.body.rvNoRecords[*].rvAddress");System.out.println ( rvAddress);//输出rvNoRecords[*]中rvAddress== '2'的rvNoRecordsList<Object> rvAddress2 = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$.body.rvNoRecords[?(@.rvAddress == 2)]");System.out.println (rvAddress2 );//输出rvNoRecords[*]中score>5 的rvNoRecordsList<Object> score = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$.body.rvNoRecords[?(@.score>5)]");System.out.println ( score);//输出rvNoRecords[*]中含有consignments元素的rvNoRecordsList<Double> consignments = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$.body.rvNoRecords[?(@.consignments)]");System.out.println ( consignments);//输出该json中所有rvAddress的值List<Object> rvNoNum2 = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$..rvAddress");System.out.println (rvNoNum2 );//输出rvNoRecords数组的长度Integer length = JsonPath.read(responseJson,"$..rvNoRecords.length()");System.out.println (length );//可以提前编辑一个路径，并多次使用它JsonPath path = JsonPath.compile("$.body.rvNoRecords[*]");List<Object> rvNoRecords3 = path.read(responseJson);System.out.println (rvNoRecords3 );}}
测试结果
张三23[{"score":8,"rvAddress":"3","consignments":null}][{"score":4,"rvAddress":"2","consignments":null},{"score":8,"rvAddress":"3","consignments":null}][{"score":4,"rvAddress":"2","consignments":null}]2["2","3"][{"score":4,"rvAddress":"2","consignments":null}][{"score":8,"rvAddress":"3","consignments":null}][{"score":4,"rvAddress":"2","consignments":null},{"score":8,"rvAddress":"3","consignments":null}]["2","3"]2[{"score":4,"rvAddress":"2","consignments":null},{"score":8,"rvAddress":"3","consignments":null}]
JS版测试
简单测试
var jp = require('jsonpath');var cities = [{ name: 'London', population: 8615246 },{ name: 'Berlin', population: 3517424 },{ name: 'Madrid', population: 3165235 },{ name: 'Rome', population: 2870528 },];var names = jp.query(cities, '$..name');// [ "London", "Berlin", "Madrid", "Rome" ]
如果使用 js 来遍历的话，也简单
let names = cities.map((c) => c.name);
复杂数据例子
{"store": {"book": [{"category": "reference","author": "Nigel Rees","title": "Sayings of the Century","price": 8.95},{"category": "fiction","author": "Evelyn Waugh","title": "Sword of Honour","price": 12.99},{"category": "fiction","author": "Herman Melville","title": "Moby Dick","isbn": "0-553-21311-3","price": 8.99},{"category": "fiction","author": "J. R. R. Tolkien","title": "The Lord of the Rings","isbn": "0-395-19395-8","price": 22.99}],"bicycle": {"color": "red","price": 19.95}}}
| JsonPath | Result |
|---|---|
| $.store.book[*].author | 所有 book 的 author 节点 |
| $..author | 所有 author 节点 |
| $.store.* | store 下的所有节点，book 数组和 bicycle 节点 |
| $.store..price | store 下的所有 price 节点 |
| $..book[2] | 匹配第 3 个 book 节点 |
| $..book[(@.length-1)]，或 $..book[-1:] | 匹配倒数第 1 个 book 节点 |
| $..book[0,1]，或 $..book[:2] | 匹配前两个 book 节点 |
| $..book[?(@.isbn)] | 过滤含 isbn 字段的节点 |
| $..book[?(@.price<10)] | 过滤price<10的节点 |
| $..* | 递归匹配所有子节点 |
对应的语法可直接到在 JSONPath 在线验证网站上进行测试。要提一点的是，jsonpath 是支持使用 || 与 && 进行过滤的，比如上面要获取 category 为 fiction，price 大于 10 的语法为$..book[?(@.price>10 && @.category==”fiction”)] 结果如下
[{"category": "fiction","author": "Evelyn Waugh","title": "Sword of Honour","price": 12.99},{"category": "fiction","author": "J. R. R. Tolkien","title": "The Lord of the Rings","isbn": "0-395-19395-8","price": 22.99}]
测试数据结构
测试数据
{"role": "unit","children": [{"role": "section","children": [{"role": "node","children": [{"summary": "{\"indexMap\": {}, \"questionsList\": []}","role": "group","tab_type": "text","name": "Learning objectives","scoreDetail": [],"id": "u1g2","url": "u1g2","tags": []}],"suggestedDuration": "0","name": "1-1 Learning objectives","block_id": "90ed499f91084e2aa1b7032d2e4ecd76","url": "u1g1","tags": []}],"name": "Learning objectives","tags": []},{"role": "section","children": [{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Practice-1","scoreDetail": [0],"id": "u1g6","url": "u1g6","tags": []},{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Practice-2","scoreDetail": [1, 1, 1, 1],"id": "u1g7","url": "u1g7","tags": []},{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Practice-3","scoreDetail": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1],"id": "u1g544","url": "u1g544","tags": []},{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Practice-4","scoreDetail": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1],"id": "u1g9","url": "u1g9","tags": []}],"name": "Practice","block_id": "f6768dc9474746b9ba071e7f211534d9","url": "u1g5","tags": []}],"suggestedDuration": "0","name": "1-2 Sharing","block_id": "1c97a87a9feb4a8aa7d6ed39482d866d","url": "u1g3","tags": []},{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "group","tab_type": "video","name": "Get the skills","scoreDetail": [],"id": "u1g16","url": "u1g16","tags": []},{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Use the skills-1","scoreDetail": [0, 0],"id": "u1g615","url": "u1g615","tags": []},{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Use the skills-2","scoreDetail": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],"id": "u1g18","url": "u1g18","tags": []},{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Use the skills-3","scoreDetail": [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],"id": "u1g19","url": "u1g19","tags": []}],"name": "Use the skills","block_id": "2d8a81799bcc44ccab2646b613557b2b","url": "u1g17","tags": []},{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Think and speak","scoreDetail": [0],"id": "u1g21","url": "u1g21","tags": []}],"name": "Think and speak","block_id": "5833925c8c5e4ddab7a114b15d610983","url": "u1g20","tags": []}],"suggestedDuration": "0","name": "1-3 Listening","block_id": "681817aaf75845468e464e1a8d82f2c8","url": "u1g14","tags": []},{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Get a clue","scoreDetail": [0, 0, 0],"id": "u1g25","url": "u1g25","tags": []}],"name": "Get a clue","block_id": "b332335ab3554dffb92afcae5f815b5a","url": "u1g24","tags": []},{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "View it-1","scoreDetail": [1, 1, 1, 1],"id": "u1g27","url": "u1g27","tags": []},{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "View it-2","scoreDetail": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],"id": "u1g545","url": "u1g545","tags": []},{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "View it-3","scoreDetail": [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],"id": "u1g29","url": "u1g29","tags": []}],"name": "View it","block_id": "a2ecf6464d5f480e98242ebe4431a73b","url": "u1g26","tags": []},{"role": "node","children": [{"role": "group","tab_type": "task","name": "Think and speak","scoreDetail": [0, 0],"id": "u1g31","url": "u1g31","tags": []}],"name": "Think and speak","block_id": "120d0784e63c414793f5e648c416144b","url": "u1g30","tags": []}],"suggestedDuration": "0","name": "1-4 Viewing","block_id": "765a1be83ac5437aaca8fa150ad5af2e","url": "u1g22","tags": []}],"name": "Listening to the world","tags": []}]}
js 实现遍历
获取role为group的children节点数据
let groupList = [];for (const node of json.children ?? []) {if (node.role == 'group') groupList.push({ ...node });for (const group of node.children ?? []) {if (group.role == 'group') groupList.push({ ...group });for (const child of group.children ?? []) {if (child.role == 'group') groupList.push({ ...child });let children4 = child.children ?? [];for (const child of children4) {if (child.role == 'group') groupList.push({ ...child });}}}}console.log(groupList);
因为这些数据中，是存在不确定性的，也就是在当前节点下，二级节点可能有children，而其他节点下的二级很可能没有 children，所以我在这边就加上 ?? [] （Typescript 中的??语法，你可以把 ?? 当做 || ）来判断是否有children节点，有些读者可能会思考，为啥不用递归呢。说的是挺轻松的，但是递归是很容易出问题的，万一爬取到后台数据进行了一些修改，很有可能对于的递归算法将失效，甚至导致堆栈溢出，所以我这边值循环 4 级chilren节点（实际遇到的貌似也只有 4 级，谁又能保证爬取到数据就一定只有 4 级呢）。
jsonpath 获取
于是了解到 jsonpath后，我第一个时间就开始分析这样的数据，果不其然，得到了我想要的结果⬇️
语法：$..children[?(@.role==”group”)]
语法意思很明确，根节点下遍历所有children节点，同时role等于group，呈现的效果如上图。
而回到需求，就是获取role为group的children节点数据，而 jsonpath 就帮我轻松实现我想要的效果。
Python版测试
Python 2.7中自带了JSON模块，直接import json就可以使用了。
官方文档：json — JSON encoder and decoder — Python 3.11.0 documentation
Json在线解析网站：http://www.json.cn/
JSON
json简单说就是javascript中的对象和数组，所以这两种结构就是对象和数组两种结构，通过这两种结构可以表示各种复杂的结构。
对象：对象在js中表示为{ }括起来的内容，数据结构为 { key：value, key：value, … }的键值对的结构，在面向对象的语言中，key为对象的属性，value为对应的属性值，所以很容易理解，取值方法为 对象.key 获取属性值，这个属性值的类型可以是数字、字符串、数组、对象这几种。
数组：数组在js中是中括号[ ]括起来的内容，数据结构为 [“Python”, “javascript”, “C++”, …]，取值方式和所有语言中一样，使用索引获取，字段值的类型可以是 数字、字符串、数组、对象几种。
import json
json模块提供了四个功能：dumps、dump、loads、load，用于字符串 和 python数据类型间进行转换。
1. json.loads()
把Json格式字符串解码转换成Python对象 从json到python的类型转化对照如下：
# json_loads.pyimport jsonstrList = '[1, 2, 3, 4]'strDict = '{"city": "北京", "name": "大猫"}'json.loads(strList)# [1, 2, 3, 4]json.loads(strDict) # json数据自动按Unicode存储# {u'city': u'\u5317\u4eac', u'name': u'\u5927\u732b'}
2. json.dumps()
实现python类型转化为json字符串，返回一个str对象 把一个Python对象编码转换成Json字符串
从python原始类型向json类型的转化对照如下：
# json_dumps.pyimport jsonimport chardetlistStr = [1, 2, 3, 4]tupleStr = (1, 2, 3, 4)dictStr = {"city": "北京", "name": "大猫"}json.dumps(listStr)# '[1, 2, 3, 4]'json.dumps(tupleStr)# '[1, 2, 3, 4]'# 注意：json.dumps() 处理中文时默认使用的ascii编码，会导致中文无法正常显示print json.dumps(dictStr)# {"city": "\u5317\u4eac", "name": "\u5927\u732b"}# 记住：处理中文时，添加参数 ensure_ascii=False 来禁用ascii编码print json.dumps(dictStr, ensure_ascii=False)# {"city": "北京", "name": "大刘"}
3. json.dump()
将Python内置类型序列化为json对象后写入文件
# json_dump.py
import json
listStr = [{"city": "北京"}, {"name": "大刘"}]
json.dump(listStr, open("listStr.json","w"), ensure_ascii=False)
dictStr = {"city": "北京", "name": "大刘"}
json.dump(dictStr, open("dictStr.json","w"), ensure_ascii=False)
4. json.load()
读取文件中json形式的字符串元素 转化成python类型
# json_load.py
import json
strList = json.load(open("listStr.json"))
print strList
# [{u'city': u'\u5317\u4eac'}, {u'name': u'\u5927\u5218'}]
strDict = json.load(open("dictStr.json"))
print strDict
# {u'city': u'\u5317\u4eac', u'name': u'\u5927\u5218'}
JsonPath测试
测试数据
以拉勾网城市JSON文件 http://www.lagou.com/lbs/getAllCitySearchLabels.json 为例，获取所有城市。
{
"state": 1,
"message": "success",
"content": {
"data": {
"allCitySearchLabels": {
"A": [
{
"id": 671,
"name": "安庆",
"parentId": 541,
"code": "131800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 723,
"name": "安阳",
"parentId": 545,
"code": "171500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 601,
"name": "鞍山",
"parentId": 535,
"code": "081600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 825,
"name": "安顺",
"parentId": 553,
"code": "240400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 598,
"name": "阿拉善盟",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "070300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 862,
"name": "安康",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "270400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 105795,
"name": "澳门",
"parentId": 562,
"code": "330100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 897,
"name": "阿克苏",
"parentId": 560,
"code": "311800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 108412,
"name": "阿拉尔",
"parentId": 560,
"code": "312600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 108343,
"name": "阿里地区",
"parentId": 555,
"code": "260800000",
"isSelected": false
}
],
"B": [
{
"id": 5,
"name": "北京",
"parentId": 1,
"code": "010100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 570,
"name": "保定",
"parentId": 532,
"code": "051100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 588,
"name": "包头",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "071300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 789,
"name": "北海",
"parentId": 549,
"code": "211000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 666,
"name": "蚌埠",
"parentId": 541,
"code": "131300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 717,
"name": "滨州",
"parentId": 544,
"code": "161400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 794,
"name": "百色",
"parentId": 549,
"code": "210500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 678,
"name": "亳州",
"parentId": 541,
"code": "130500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 856,
"name": "宝鸡",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "271000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 828,
"name": "毕节",
"parentId": 553,
"code": "240700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 867,
"name": "白银",
"parentId": 557,
"code": "281100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 834,
"name": "保山",
"parentId": 554,
"code": "251400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 896,
"name": "巴音郭楞",
"parentId": 560,
"code": "311700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 817,
"name": "巴中",
"parentId": 552,
"code": "230500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 597,
"name": "巴彦淖尔",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "070400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 603,
"name": "本溪",
"parentId": 535,
"code": "081400000",
"isSelected": false
}
],
"C": [
{
"id": 801,
"name": "成都",
"parentId": 552,
"code": "230100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 8,
"name": "重庆",
"parentId": 4,
"code": "040100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 749,
"name": "长沙",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "190100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 613,
"name": "长春",
"parentId": 536,
"code": "090100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 638,
"name": "常州",
"parentId": 539,
"code": "112000000",
"isSelected": false
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{
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"name": "苏州",
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"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 599,
"name": "沈阳",
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"code": "080100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 565,
"name": "石家庄",
"parentId": 532,
"code": "050100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 658,
"name": "绍兴",
"parentId": 540,
"code": "122300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 767,
"name": "汕头",
"parentId": 548,
"code": "201900000",
"isSelected": false
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{
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"name": "宿迁",
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"code": "113000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "上饶",
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"code": "151100000",
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},
{
"id": 800,
"name": "三亚",
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"code": "221800000",
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},
{
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"name": "商丘",
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},
{
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"name": "韶关",
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"code": "201600000",
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},
{
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"name": "汕尾",
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"code": "201500000",
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{
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"name": "十堰",
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"name": "邵阳",
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"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "宿州",
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},
{
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"name": "遂宁",
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},
{
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"name": "三门峡",
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"code": "170200000",
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},
{
"id": 863,
"name": "商洛",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "270300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "随州",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "180200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "绥化",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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"name": "山南",
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{
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},
{
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"name": "双鸭山",
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"code": "101400000",
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}
],
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"name": "天津",
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},
{
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"name": "太原",
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"code": "060100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "台州",
"parentId": 540,
"code": "122700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "唐山",
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"code": "051500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "泰州",
"parentId": 539,
"code": "112900000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "泰安",
"parentId": 544,
"code": "162400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 826,
"name": "铜仁",
"parentId": 553,
"code": "240500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 670,
"name": "铜陵",
"parentId": 541,
"code": "131700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 617,
"name": "通化",
"parentId": 536,
"code": "090700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 868,
"name": "天水",
"parentId": 557,
"code": "281000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 591,
"name": "通辽",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "071000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 610,
"name": "铁岭",
"parentId": 535,
"code": "080700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 855,
"name": "铜川",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "271100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 107384,
"name": "天门",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "182100000",
"isSelected": false
}
],
"W": [
{
"id": 736,
"name": "武汉",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "180100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 636,
"name": "无锡",
"parentId": 539,
"code": "111800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 655,
"name": "温州",
"parentId": 540,
"code": "122000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 708,
"name": "潍坊",
"parentId": 544,
"code": "162200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "芜湖",
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"code": "131200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
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"name": "威海",
"parentId": 544,
"code": "162500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 890,
"name": "乌鲁木齐",
"parentId": 560,
"code": "310100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 858,
"name": "渭南",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "270800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 788,
"name": "梧州",
"parentId": 549,
"code": "211100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 838,
"name": "文山",
"parentId": 554,
"code": "251000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 108425,
"name": "文昌",
"parentId": 550,
"code": "222800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 108423,
"name": "万宁",
"parentId": 550,
"code": "222600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 589,
"name": "乌海",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "071200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 596,
"name": "乌兰察布",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "070500000",
"isSelected": false
}
],
"X": [
{
"id": 854,
"name": "西安",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "270100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 682,
"name": "厦门",
"parentId": 542,
"code": "141100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 637,
"name": "徐州",
"parentId": 539,
"code": "111900000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 725,
"name": "新乡",
"parentId": 545,
"code": "171700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 569,
"name": "邢台",
"parentId": 532,
"code": "051200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 740,
"name": "襄阳",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "181500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 857,
"name": "咸阳",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "270900000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 878,
"name": "西宁",
"parentId": 558,
"code": "290100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 105794,
"name": "香港",
"parentId": 561,
"code": "320100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 733,
"name": "信阳",
"parentId": 545,
"code": "170500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 728,
"name": "许昌",
"parentId": 545,
"code": "171100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 743,
"name": "孝感",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "181800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 751,
"name": "湘潭",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "191200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 746,
"name": "咸宁",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "181000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 108403,
"name": "仙桃",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "180500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 695,
"name": "新余",
"parentId": 543,
"code": "150700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 680,
"name": "宣城",
"parentId": 541,
"code": "130700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 594,
"name": "兴安盟",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "070700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 840,
"name": "西双版纳",
"parentId": 554,
"code": "250800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 595,
"name": "锡林郭勒盟",
"parentId": 534,
"code": "070600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 762,
"name": "湘西土家族苗族自治州",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "191400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 584,
"name": "忻州",
"parentId": 533,
"code": "060500000",
"isSelected": false
}
],
"Y": [
{
"id": 707,
"name": "烟台",
"parentId": 544,
"code": "162100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 645,
"name": "扬州",
"parentId": 539,
"code": "112700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 886,
"name": "银川",
"parentId": 559,
"code": "300100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 644,
"name": "盐城",
"parentId": 539,
"code": "112600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 813,
"name": "宜宾",
"parentId": 552,
"code": "231200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 739,
"name": "宜昌",
"parentId": 546,
"code": "181400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 583,
"name": "运城",
"parentId": 533,
"code": "060600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 699,
"name": "宜春",
"parentId": 543,
"code": "150300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 777,
"name": "阳江",
"parentId": 548,
"code": "201300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 754,
"name": "岳阳",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "190900000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 861,
"name": "榆林",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "270500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 793,
"name": "玉林",
"parentId": 549,
"code": "210600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 759,
"name": "永州",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "190400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 606,
"name": "营口",
"parentId": 535,
"code": "081100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 816,
"name": "雅安",
"parentId": 552,
"code": "230400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 757,
"name": "益阳",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "190600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 621,
"name": "延边",
"parentId": 536,
"code": "090300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 833,
"name": "玉溪",
"parentId": 554,
"code": "251500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 578,
"name": "阳泉",
"parentId": 533,
"code": "061100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 859,
"name": "延安",
"parentId": 556,
"code": "270700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 696,
"name": "鹰潭",
"parentId": 543,
"code": "150600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 901,
"name": "伊犁",
"parentId": 560,
"code": "310200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 783,
"name": "云浮",
"parentId": 548,
"code": "200700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 628,
"name": "伊春",
"parentId": 537,
"code": "101200000",
"isSelected": false
}
],
"Z": [
{
"id": 719,
"name": "郑州",
"parentId": 545,
"code": "170100000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 766,
"name": "珠海",
"parentId": 548,
"code": "201800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 780,
"name": "中山",
"parentId": 548,
"code": "200400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 704,
"name": "淄博",
"parentId": 544,
"code": "161800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 772,
"name": "肇庆",
"parentId": 548,
"code": "202400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 687,
"name": "漳州",
"parentId": 542,
"code": "140600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 646,
"name": "镇江",
"parentId": 539,
"code": "112800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 770,
"name": "湛江",
"parentId": 548,
"code": "202200000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 824,
"name": "遵义",
"parentId": 553,
"code": "240300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 735,
"name": "驻马店",
"parentId": 545,
"code": "170700000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 750,
"name": "株洲",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "191300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 571,
"name": "张家口",
"parentId": 532,
"code": "051000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 734,
"name": "周口",
"parentId": 545,
"code": "170600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 579,
"name": "长治",
"parentId": 533,
"code": "061000000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 705,
"name": "枣庄",
"parentId": 544,
"code": "161900000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 818,
"name": "资阳",
"parentId": 552,
"code": "230600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 661,
"name": "舟山",
"parentId": 540,
"code": "122600000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 802,
"name": "自贡",
"parentId": 552,
"code": "231400000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 835,
"name": "昭通",
"parentId": 554,
"code": "251300000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 906,
"name": "中卫",
"parentId": 559,
"code": "300500000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 870,
"name": "张掖",
"parentId": 557,
"code": "280800000",
"isSelected": false
},
{
"id": 756,
"name": "张家界",
"parentId": 547,
"code": "190700000",
"isSelected": false
}
]
}
},
"rows": [
]
}
}
测试代码
# jsonpath_lagou.py
import urllib2
import jsonpath
import json
url = 'http://www.lagou.com/lbs/getAllCitySearchLabels.json'
request =urllib2.Request(url)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
html = response.read()
# 把json格式字符串转换成python对象
jsonobj = json.loads(html)
# 从根节点开始，匹配name节点
citylist = jsonpath.jsonpath(jsonobj,'$..name')
print citylist
print type(citylist)
fp = open('city.json','w')
content = json.dumps(citylist, ensure_ascii=False)
print content
fp.write(content.encode('utf-8'))
fp.close()
注意事项：
json.loads() 是把 Json格式字符串解码转换成Python对象，如果在json.loads的时候出错，要注意被解码的Json字符的编码，如果传入的字符串的编码不是UTF-8的话，需要指定字符编码的参数encoding
如：
dataDict = json.loads(jsonStrGBK);
jsonStrGBK是JSON字符串，假设其编码本身是非UTF-8的话而是GBK 的，那么上述代码会导致出错，改为对应的：
dataDict = json.loads(jsonStrGBK, encoding="GBK");
附：字符串编码转换
这是中国程序员最苦逼的地方，什么乱码之类的几乎都是由汉字引起的。 其实编码问题很好搞定，只要记住一点：
任何平台的任何编码 都能和 Unicode 互相转换
UTF-8 与 GBK 互相转换，那就先把UTF-8转换成Unicode，再从Unicode转换成GBK，反之同理。
# 这是一个 UTF-8 编码的字符串
utf8Str = "你好地球"
# 1. 将 UTF-8 编码的字符串 转换成 Unicode 编码
unicodeStr = utf8Str.decode("UTF-8")
# 2. 再将 Unicode 编码格式字符串 转换成 GBK 编码
gbkData = unicodeStr.encode("GBK")
# 1. 再将 GBK 编码格式字符串 转化成 Unicode
unicodeStr = gbkData.decode("gbk")
# 2. 再将 Unicode 编码格式字符串转换成 UTF-8
utf8Str = unicodeStr.encode("UTF-8")
decode的作用是将其他编码的字符串转换成 Unicode 编码；encode的作用是将 Unicode 编码转换成其他编码的字符串。
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