访问者

定义：允许一个或者多个操作应用到一组对象上，解耦操作和对象本身。

public abstract class ResourceFile {
  protected String filePath;
  public ResourceFile(String filePath) {
    this.filePath = filePath;
  }
  abstract public void accept(Visitor vistor);
}
public class PdfFile extends ResourceFile {
  public PdfFile(String filePath) {
    super(filePath);
  }
  @Override
  public void accept(Visitor visitor) {
    visitor.visit(this);
  }
  //...
}
//...PPTFile、WordFile跟PdfFile类似，这里就省略了...
public interface Visitor {
  void visit(PdfFile pdfFile);
  void visit(PPTFile pdfFile);
  void visit(WordFile pdfFile);
}
public class Extractor implements Visitor {
  @Override
  public void visit(PPTFile pptFile) {
    //...
    System.out.println("Extract PPT.");
  }
  @Override
  public void visit(PdfFile pdfFile) {
    //...
    System.out.println("Extract PDF.");
  }
  @Override
  public void visit(WordFile wordFile) {
    //...
    System.out.println("Extract WORD.");
  }
}
public class Compressor implements Visitor {
  @Override
  public void visit(PPTFile pptFile) {
    //...
    System.out.println("Compress PPT.");
  }
  @Override
  public void visit(PdfFile pdfFile) {
    //...
    System.out.println("Compress PDF.");
  }
  @Override
  public void visit(WordFile wordFile) {
    //...
    System.out.println("Compress WORD.");
  }
}
public class ToolApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Extractor extractor = new Extractor();
    List<ResourceFile> resourceFiles = listAllResourceFiles(args[0]);
    for (ResourceFile resourceFile : resourceFiles) {
      resourceFile.accept(extractor);
    }
    Compressor compressor = new Compressor();
    for(ResourceFile resourceFile : resourceFiles) {
      resourceFile.accept(compressor);
    }
  }
  private static List<ResourceFile> listAllResourceFiles(String resourceDirectory) {
    List<ResourceFile> resourceFiles = new ArrayList<>();
    //...根据后缀(pdf/ppt/word)由工厂方法创建不同的类对象(PdfFile/PPTFile/WordFile)
    resourceFiles.add(new PdfFile("a.pdf"));
    resourceFiles.add(new WordFile("b.word"));
    resourceFiles.add(new PPTFile("c.ppt"));
    return resourceFiles;
  }
}