MySQL主从搭建(一主一从)

Master 服务器配置

[mysqld]
# 开启binlog
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 指定服务器ID，默认为1
server-id=1
# 每次执行写入就与硬盘同步
sync_binlog=1
# 需要同步的二进制数据库名称
#binlog-do-db=ms_master
# 设置binlog日志过期时效
expire_logs_days=7
# 不进行备份的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=sys

查看Master服务器状态

mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             File: mysql-bin.000003
         Position: 154
     Binlog_Do_DB: ms_master
 Binlog_Ignore_DB: information_schema,performance_schema,mysql,sys
Executed_Gtid_Set: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Slave 服务器配置

[mysqld]
# 服务id
server-id=2
# 配置中继日志
relay-log=mysql-relay-bin
# 只读
read-only=1
# 开启从服务器二进制日志，如果不需要同步到其他服务器，该配置可以不开启
# log-bin=mysql-bin
# 使更新的数据写进二进制日志中
log-slave-updates=1
# 主从同步的库名相同
#replicate-do-db=ms_master
# 主从同步的库名不同，需做映射
#replicate-rewrite-db=ms_master -> ms_slave
# 指定需要同步的表，默认同步全部
#replicate-wild-do-table=ms_slave.t_order
#replicate-wild-do-table=ms_slave.t_order_item

创建同步账号

create user 'msuser'@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'ABC123@cn';

grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to msuser@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'ABC123@cn';

flush privileges;

启动复制线程

CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.51',
MASTER_USER="msuser"
MASTER_PASSWORD="ABC123@cn",
MASTER_LOG_FILE="mysql-bin.000003",
MASTER_LOG_POS=154;

start slave;

查看从服务器状态

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.56.51
                  Master_User: msuser
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
              Relay_Log_Space: 527
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: c0bd14a0-d4fb-11ec-9a45-080027c6456e
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: (ms_master,ms_slave)
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Slave_SQL_Running: No 的解决方法

Slave 服务器

mysql > SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;

Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: No

该状态表示 slave 不同步

解决办法

1，锁主表

mysql>FLUSH TABLE WITH READ LOCK;

2，备份数据

mysql>mysqldump -uroot -p --opt -R database_name > database_name.sql

3，查看主库信息

mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             File: mysql-bin.000006
         Position: 328
     Binlog_Do_DB: 
 Binlog_Ignore_DB: information_schema,performance_schema,mysql,sys
Executed_Gtid_Set: 
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

4，停止 Slave

mysql>stop slave;

5，导入备份数据

mysql> source database_name.sql

6，重置 Slave

mysql> reset slave;

7，设置同步节点

CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.51',
MASTER_USER="msuser",
MASTER_PASSWORD="ABC123@cn",
MASTER_LOG_FILE="mysql-bin.000006",
MASTER_LOG_POS=328;

8，开启 Slave

mysql> start slave;

9，查看Slave

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;

Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

10，主库解锁

mysql> unlock tables;