您可能已经注意到前面的例子中,结果行没有特定的顺序显示。当以某种有意义的方式对行进行排序时,通常更容易检查查询输出。若要对结果排序,请使用order by子句。
下面是动物生日,按日期排序:
mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet ORDER BY birth;
+----------+------------+
| name | birth |
+----------+------------+
| Buffy | 1989-05-13 |
| Bowser | 1989-08-31 |
| Fang | 1990-08-27 |
| Fluffy | 1993-02-04 |
| Claws | 1994-03-17 |
| Slim | 1996-04-29 |
| Whistler | 1997-12-09 |
| Chirpy | 1998-09-11 |
| Puffball | 1999-03-30 |
+----------+------------+
默认排序顺序是升序,第一个值最小。如果要以反向(降序)顺序进行排序,在您要排序的列的名称后添加desc:
mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet ORDER BY birth DESC;
+----------+------------+
| name | birth |
+----------+------------+
| Puffball | 1999-03-30 |
| Chirpy | 1998-09-11 |
| Whistler | 1997-12-09 |
| Slim | 1996-04-29 |
| Claws | 1994-03-17 |
| Fluffy | 1993-02-04 |
| Fang | 1990-08-27 |
| Bowser | 1989-08-31 |
| Buffy | 1989-05-13 |
+----------+------------+
可以在多个列上排序,也可以按不同的方向对不同的列进行排序。例如,按升序排序动物类型,然后按降序降序排列动物类型(最年幼的动物优先),使用下面的查询: 结果通常以order by后跟的那一字段决定,如果species一样,则按birth进行排序。
mysql> SELECT name, species, birth FROM pet
-> ORDER BY species, birth DESC;
+----------+---------+------------+
| name | species | birth |
+----------+---------+------------+
| Chirpy | bird | 1998-09-11 |
| Whistler | bird | 1997-12-09 |
| Claws | cat | 1994-03-17 |
| Fluffy | cat | 1993-02-04 |
| Fang | dog | 1990-08-27 |
| Bowser | dog | 1989-08-31 |
| Buffy | dog | 1989-05-13 |
| Puffball | hamster | 1999-03-30 |
| Slim | snake | 1996-04-29 |
+----------+---------+------------+
DESC关键字仅适用于前一列的名字(出生);它不影响物种的列的排序顺序。